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Ciencia Médica - Tipos de Medicamentos

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con los diferentes tipos de medicina, como "antídoto", "emético" y "analgésico".

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Words Related to Medical Science
antidepressant
antidepressant
[Sustantivo]

a drug that is used to treat people who feel extremely sad and anxious

antidepresivo

antidepresivo

antidote
antidote
[Sustantivo]

a substance that counteracts or controls the effects of a poison

antídoto

antídoto

Ex: The antidote for acetaminophen overdose is N-acetylcysteine, which helps protect the liver from damage. 

El antídoto para la sobredosis de acetaminofén es la N-acetilcisteína, que ayuda a proteger el hígado de daños.

antiviral
antiviral
[Adjetivo]

inhibiting or destroying the growth and replication of viruses

antiviral

antiviral

Ex: Researchers are working on developing new antiviral drugs to combat emerging viral threats. 

Los investigadores están trabajando en el desarrollo de nuevos fármacos antivirales para combatir las amenazas virales emergentes.

antiviral
antiviral
[Sustantivo]

a drug that fights viral infections

antiviral

antiviral

Ex: Researchers are constantly developing new antivirals to combat emerging viral threats such as Zika and Ebola. 

Los investigadores están desarrollando constantemente nuevos antivirales para combatir amenazas virales emergentes como el Zika y el Ébola.

amphetamine
amphetamine
[Sustantivo]

a stimulant used for ADHD and narcolepsy but is also associated with misuse and addiction

anfetamina

anfetamina

Ex: When taken as prescribed, amphetamines can be effective in treating certain conditions. 

Cuando se toman según lo prescrito, las anfetaminas pueden ser eficaces en el tratamiento de ciertas afecciones.

analgesic
analgesic
[Sustantivo]

a pain-relieving medication

analgésico

analgésico

Ex: Over-the-counter analgesics like acetaminophen are commonly used to relieve mild to moderate pain. 

Los analgésicos de venta libre como el acetaminofeno se usan comúnmente para aliviar el dolor leve a moderado.

antacid
antacid
[Sustantivo]

a medication that reduces or neutralizes the acidity of the body, particularly the stomach

antiácido, neutralizador de acidez

antiácido, neutralizador de acidez

Ex: The doctor suggested taking an antacid after meals to reduce stomach discomfort. 

El médico sugirió tomar un antiácido después de las comidas para reducir la molestia estomacal.

anticoagulant
anticoagulant
[Sustantivo]

a substance or medication that inhibits the clotting of blood

anticoagulante, fluidificante de la sangre

anticoagulante, fluidificante de la sangre

Ex: Individuals with certain heart conditions may take anticoagulants as a preventive measure to reduce the risk of strokes. 

Las personas con ciertas afecciones cardíacas pueden tomar anticoagulantes como medida preventiva para reducir el riesgo de accidentes cerebrovasculares.

anti-inflammatory
anti-inflammatory
[Sustantivo]

the substances, medications, or treatments that reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with inflammatory conditions, such as pain and swelling

antiinflamatorio, medicamento antiinflamatorio

antiinflamatorio, medicamento antiinflamatorio

Ex: For muscle aches, an anti-inflammatory pill can provide relief. 

Para los dolores musculares, una pastilla antiinflamatoria puede proporcionar alivio.

barbiturate
barbiturate
[Sustantivo]

any organic compound derived from barbituric acid that is used as a sedative and greatly reduces the activity of the nervous system

barbitúrico

barbitúrico

beta blocker
beta blocker
[Sustantivo]

a medication that reduces heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline

betabloqueante, bloqueador beta

betabloqueante, bloqueador beta

Ex: The cardiologist recommended a beta blocker to control the patient's rapid heart rate. 

El cardiólogo recomendó un bloqueador beta para controlar la frecuencia cardiaque rápida del paciente.

decongestant
decongestant
[Sustantivo]

a type of medicine used when someone has a cold and a blocked nose to help them breathe more easily

descongestionante, un medicamento descongestionante

descongestionante, un medicamento descongestionante

Ex: The doctor prescribed a decongestant nasal spray to alleviate the symptoms of a cold. 

El médico recetó un spray nasal descongestionante para aliviar los síntomas de un resfriado.

depressant
depressant
[Sustantivo]

a substance, such as a medication or alcohol, that slows down the central nervous system, causing relaxation and reduced function

depresor, sedante

depresor, sedante

Ex: Drinking alcohol is an example of using a depressant substance. 

Beber alcohol es un ejemplo del uso de una sustancia depresora.

emetic
emetic
[Sustantivo]

a substance that causes vomiting and is used in cases of poisoning or overdose to remove harmful substances from the stomach

emético, vomitivo

emético, vomitivo

Ex: In cases of accidental ingestion, an emetic can be given to induce vomiting. 

En casos de ingestión accidental, se puede administrar un emético para inducir el vómito.

expectorant
expectorant
[Sustantivo]

a medicine that helps clear mucus and phlegm, relieving coughs and congestion

expectorante, medicamento expectorante

expectorante, medicamento expectorante

Ex: Expectorants work by thinning mucus, making it easier to cough up. 

Los expectorantes actúan diluyendo la mucosidad, facilitando su expulsión al toser.

fertility drug
fertility drug
[Sustantivo]

a medication designed to enhance fertility by addressing hormonal imbalances or stimulating the ovaries to improve the chances of conception

medicamento para la fertilidad, tratamiento de fertilidad

medicamento para la fertilidad, tratamiento de fertilidad

Ex: Some couples use fertility drugs to increase their chances of getting pregnant. 

Algunas parejas utilizan medicamentos para la fertilidad para aumentar sus probabilidades de quedar embarazadas.

herbal medicine
herbal medicine
[Sustantivo]

the medicinal products made from plants or plant extracts used for their therapeutic properties

medicina herbal, fitoterapia

medicina herbal, fitoterapia

Ex: I prefer herbal medicine options for minor health issues. 

Prefiero las opciones de medicina herbal para problemas de salud menores.

hypnotic
hypnotic
[Sustantivo]

a medication that induces sleep

hipnótico, somnífero

hipnótico, somnífero

Ex: The sleep specialist recommended a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic for the patient with a history of sleep disturbances. 

El especialista en sueño recomendó un hipnótico no benzodiazepínico para el paciente con antecedentes de trastornos del sueño.

magic bullet
magic bullet
[Sustantivo]

a drug or treatment that effectively prevents or cures a specific disease or condition with minimal or no harmful side effects

bala mágica, solución milagrosa

bala mágica, solución milagrosa

Ex: Using sunscreen is a magic bullet for preventing sunburn. 

Usar protector solar es una bala mágica para prevenir las quemaduras solares.

multivitamin
multivitamin
[Sustantivo]

a dietary supplement that contains a combination of essential vitamins and minerals, commonly taken orally in the form of tablets, capsules, or gummies

multivitamínico, suplemento multivitamínico

multivitamínico, suplemento multivitamínico

Ex: He made sure to include a multivitamin in his morning routine to supplement his diet. 

Se aseguró de incluir un multivitamínico en su rutina matutina para complementar su dieta.

opioid
opioid
[Sustantivo]

any drugs with the same effects as opium, medicinally used for reducing extreme pain

opioide

opioide

painkiller
painkiller
[Sustantivo]

a type of medicine that is used to reduce or relieve pain

analgésico, calmante

analgésico, calmante

Ex: He reached for an over-the-counter painkiller to alleviate his muscle pain from the workout. 

Él alcanzó un analgésico de venta libre para aliviar su dolor muscular después del entrenamiento.

pastille
pastille
[Sustantivo]

a sweet that contains medicine or is flavored with fruit to treat sore throat

pastilla

pastilla

patent medicine
patent medicine
[Sustantivo]

over-the-counter remedies sold without scientific validation for their effectiveness and safety

medicamento patentado, remedio de curandero

medicamento patentado, remedio de curandero

Ex: Some patent medicines contained ingredients with questionable efficacy. 

Algunos medicamentos patentados contenían ingredientes con eficacia cuestionable.

pessary
pessary
[Sustantivo]

a device placed in the vagina to support pelvic organs or manage certain gynecological conditions

pesario, dispositivo vaginal

pesario, dispositivo vaginal

Ex: The gynecologist explained the benefits and limitations of using a pessary. 

El pesario explicó los beneficios y las limitaciones del uso de un pesario.

prescription drug
prescription drug
[Sustantivo]

a medication that needs a written order from a licensed healthcare provider to be bought because of its potential side effects and risks

medicamento con receta, medicamento recetado

medicamento con receta, medicamento recetado

Ex: The doctor prescribed a common painkiller as a prescription drug for my injury. 

El médico recetó un analgésico común como medicamento con receta para mi lesión.

prophylactic
prophylactic
[Sustantivo]

a drug, vaccine, or treatment used to prevent infection or disease

profiláctico, preventivo

profiláctico, preventivo

Ex: Prophylactics are given to prevent infection after surgery. 

Los profilácticos se administran para prevenir infecciones después de una cirugía.

purgative
purgative
[Sustantivo]

a substance that promotes bowel movements to relieve constipation

purgante, laxante

purgante, laxante

Ex: Some fruits and vegetables can act as natural purgatives. 

Algunas frutas y verduras pueden actuar como purgantes naturales.

relaxant
relaxant
[Sustantivo]

a substance or medication that induces a state of relaxation by reducing tension, stress, or muscle activity

relajante

relajante

Ex: The herbal tea had a relaxant quality that helped me unwind. 

La infusión de hierbas tenía una cualidad relajante que me ayudó a relajarme.

sedative
sedative
[Sustantivo]

any drug that is used to make one feel calm or induce sleep

sedante

sedante

sleeping pill
sleeping pill
[Sustantivo]

a medication taken to induce sleep or relieve insomnia

somnífero, pastilla para dormir

somnífero, pastilla para dormir

Ex: It's important to use sleeping pills only as directed to avoid dependency. 

Es importante usar pastillas para dormir solo según las indicaciones para evitar la dependencia.

statin
statin
[Sustantivo]

a medication that lowers cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases

estatina

estatina

Ex: The pharmacist explained how to take the statin medication. 

El farmacéutico explicó cómo tomar el medicamento statin.

suppository
suppository
[Sustantivo]

a medication form inserted into the body, usually in the rectum or vagina, where it dissolves or melts to release the medication

supositorio, óvulo

supositorio, óvulo

Ex: Suppositories are often used for delivering medications in a convenient form. 

Los supositorios se utilizan a menudo para administrar medicamentos en una forma conveniente.

suppressant
suppressant
[Sustantivo]

a substance that controls or inhibits certain physiological processes, commonly used to alleviate symptoms like coughing or appetite

supresor,  inhibidor

supresor, inhibidor

Ex: It's essential to follow the recommended dosage when using a suppressant. 

Es esencial seguir la dosis recomendada al usar un supresor.

booster
booster
[Sustantivo]

an additional dose of vaccine required periodically in order to increase, maintain, or renew the effects of a previous one

dosis de refuerzo, dosis adicional

dosis de refuerzo, dosis adicional

tincture
tincture
[Sustantivo]

(pharmacology) a liquid medicine made by soaking a plant or herb in alcohol to extract its healing properties

tintura, extracto alcohólico

tintura, extracto alcohólico

Ex: The label on the tincture bottle provided instructions for storage. 

La etiqueta en la botella de tintura proporcionaba instrucciones para el almacenamiento.

vaccine
vaccine
[Sustantivo]

a substance, often administered through needle injections, that stimulates the body's immune response against harmful diseases

vacuna

vacuna

Ex: Health officials recommended getting a COVID-19 vaccine to curb the spread of the virus. 

Los funcionarios de salud recomendaron recibir una vacuna contra el COVID-19 para frenar la propagación del virus.

local anesthetic
local anesthetic
[Sustantivo]

a medication that numbs a specific part of the body to block pain during medical procedures

anestésico local, anestesia local

anestésico local, anestesia local

Ex: The surgeon carefully applied a local anesthetic before stitching the wound. 

El cirujano aplicó cuidadosamente un anestésico local antes de suturar la herida.

contraceptive
contraceptive
[Sustantivo]

any device, drug, or method that is used to prevent pregnancy

anticonceptivo, contraceptivo

anticonceptivo, contraceptivo

cough medicine
cough medicine
[Sustantivo]

a‌ medicine, often in a form of liquid, that one takes to relieve coughing

medicamento para la tos, antitusivo

medicamento para la tos, antitusivo

Ex: Cough medicine can help reduce coughing at night. 

El jarabe para la tos puede ayudar a reducir la tos por la noche.

diazepam
diazepam
[Sustantivo]

a tranquilizing drug used to treat mild to moderate anxiety and tension

diazepam

diazepam

downer
downer
[Sustantivo]

a sedative or depressant drug, particularly a barbiturate

barbitúrico, sedante

barbitúrico, sedante

laxative
laxative
[Sustantivo]

a substance, usually a drug, used to stimulate evacuation of the bowels

laxante

laxante

liver salts
liver salts
[Sustantivo]

‌a substance one drinks that helps to treat or relieve indigestion

sal de fruta

sal de fruta

temazepam
temazepam
[Sustantivo]

a drug that is used to treat symptoms of anxiety and insomnia

temazepam

temazepam

tonic
tonic
[Sustantivo]

a drug that makes one feel stronger, healthier, or better, particularly used to treat exhaustion

tónico

tónico

pharmaceutic
pharmaceutic
[Sustantivo]

a medicinal substance, particularly one prepared for use as a drug

farmacéutico, medicamento

farmacéutico, medicamento

Ex: Over-the-counter pain relievers are common examples of pharmaceutics. 

Los analgésicos de venta libre son ejemplos comunes de farmacéuticos.

tranquilizer
tranquilizer
[Sustantivo]

a medication that induces a state of calmness and relaxation, often prescribed to alleviate anxiety or promote sleep

tranquilizante, sedante

tranquilizante, sedante

Ex: The label on the bottle provided instructions for taking the tranquillizer. 

La etiqueta en la botella proporcionaba instrucciones para tomar el tranquilizante.

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