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医学 - 药物类型

在这里,你将学习一些与不同类型药物相关的英语单词,例如“解毒剂”、“催吐剂”和“止痛药”。

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Words Related to Medical Science

a drug that is used to treat people who feel extremely sad and anxious

抗抑郁药

抗抑郁药

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antidote
[名词]

a substance that counteracts or controls the effects of a poison

解毒剂, 抗毒药

解毒剂, 抗毒药

Ex: Education about potential hazards and their corresponding antidotes can help prevent and mitigate the effects of poisoning incidents .关于潜在危险及其相应**解毒剂**的教育有助于预防和减轻中毒事件的影响。
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antiviral
[形容词]

inhibiting or destroying the growth and replication of viruses

抗病毒的, 抗病毒

抗病毒的, 抗病毒

Ex: Antiviral treatments are often administered to patients with herpes simplex virus infections .**抗病毒**治疗常用于单纯疱疹病毒感染的患者。
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antiviral
[名词]

a drug that fights viral infections

Ex: Healthcare providers may recommend antivirals as a preventive measure for individuals at high risk of certain viral infections , such as influenza or cytomegalovirus .
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amphetamine
[名词]

a stimulant used for ADHD and narcolepsy but is also associated with misuse and addiction

安非他命

安非他命

Ex: Misusing amphetamines can result in addiction and serious side effects .
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analgesic
[名词]

a pain-relieving medication

镇痛药

镇痛药

Ex: Individuals with chronic headaches often rely on analgesics to alleviate pain and improve daily functioning .患有慢性头痛的人经常依赖**镇痛药**来缓解疼痛并改善日常功能。
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antacid
[名词]

a medication that reduces or neutralizes the acidity of the body, particularly the stomach

抗酸剂, 酸中和剂

抗酸剂, 酸中和剂

Ex: Antacids can neutralize stomach acid and provide fast relief .**抗酸剂**可以中和胃酸并提供快速缓解。
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a substance or medication that inhibits the clotting of blood

抗凝剂, 血液稀释剂

抗凝剂, 血液稀释剂

Ex: In cases of pulmonary embolism , emergency room physicians often administer anticoagulants to prevent further clot formation .在肺栓塞的情况下,急诊室医生经常使用**抗凝剂**以防止进一步的血栓形成。
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the substances, medications, or treatments that reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with inflammatory conditions, such as pain and swelling

抗炎药, 消炎药

抗炎药, 消炎药

Ex: An anti-inflammatory spray is helpful for soothing sunburned skin .**抗炎**喷雾有助于舒缓晒伤的皮肤。
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barbiturate
[名词]

any organic compound derived from barbituric acid that is used as a sedative and greatly reduces the activity of the nervous system

巴比妥酸盐, 由巴比妥酸衍生的有机化合物

巴比妥酸盐, 由巴比妥酸衍生的有机化合物

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beta blocker
[名词]

a medication that reduces heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline

β受体阻滞剂, 贝塔阻断剂

β受体阻滞剂, 贝塔阻断剂

Ex: Beta blockers can help improve survival rates in patients with heart failure .
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decongestant
[名词]

a type of medicine used when someone has a cold and a blocked nose to help them breathe more easily

减充血剂, 缓解鼻塞的药物

减充血剂, 缓解鼻塞的药物

Ex: It 's important to follow the recommended dosage instructions when using decongestants to avoid potential side effects or drug interactions .使用**减充血剂**时遵循推荐的剂量说明很重要,以避免潜在的副作用或药物相互作用。
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depressant
[名词]

a substance, such as a medication or alcohol, that slows down the central nervous system, causing relaxation and reduced function

抑制剂, 镇静剂

抑制剂, 镇静剂

Ex: Understanding the effects of depressants is essential for responsible and safe usage .
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emetic
[名词]

a substance that causes vomiting and is used in cases of poisoning or overdose to remove harmful substances from the stomach

催吐剂, 呕吐药

催吐剂, 呕吐药

Ex: The quick administration of an emetic can help prevent further absorption of harmful substances .
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expectorant
[名词]

a medicine that helps clear mucus and phlegm, relieving coughs and congestion

祛痰药, 化痰药

祛痰药, 化痰药

Ex: Taking an expectorant before bedtime eased my nighttime coughing .
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a medication designed to enhance fertility by addressing hormonal imbalances or stimulating the ovaries to improve the chances of conception

生育药物, 生育治疗

生育药物, 生育治疗

Ex: Using fertility drugs requires careful monitoring by healthcare professionals .
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the medicinal products made from plants or plant extracts used for their therapeutic properties

草药, 植物疗法

草药, 植物疗法

Ex: Incorporating herbal medicine into daily routines can support overall health .将**草药**纳入日常生活可以支持整体健康。
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hypnotic
[名词]

a medication that induces sleep

催眠药, 安眠药

催眠药, 安眠药

Ex: The primary care physician considered a herbal hypnotic supplement as an alternative for the patient seeking a natural sleep aid.初级保健医生考虑了一种草药**催眠**补充剂作为寻求天然睡眠辅助的患者的替代方案。
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magic bullet
[名词]

a drug or treatment that effectively prevents or cures a specific disease or condition with minimal or no harmful side effects

灵丹妙药, 神奇解决方案

灵丹妙药, 神奇解决方案

Ex: Doctors hope to find a magic bullet for Alzheimer 's disease , a condition with currently limited treatment options .
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multivitamin
[名词]

a dietary supplement that contains a combination of essential vitamins and minerals, commonly taken orally in the form of tablets, capsules, or gummies

多种维生素, 复合维生素补充剂

多种维生素, 复合维生素补充剂

Ex: She researched the best multivitamin options to find one that met her specific nutritional needs .她研究了最好的**多种维生素**选项,以找到一个满足她特定营养需求的。
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opioid
[名词]

any drugs with the same effects as opium, medicinally used for reducing extreme pain

阿片类, 阿片类镇痛药

阿片类, 阿片类镇痛药

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painkiller
[名词]

a type of medicine that is used to reduce or relieve pain

止痛药, 镇痛剂

止痛药, 镇痛剂

Ex: He relied on a painkiller to cope with chronic pain from his condition .他依靠**止痛药**来应对病情带来的慢性疼痛。
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pastille
[名词]

a sweet that contains medicine or is flavored with fruit to treat sore throat

含片

含片

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over-the-counter remedies sold without scientific validation for their effectiveness and safety

专利药品, 江湖药

专利药品, 江湖药

Ex: People purchased patent medicine without a prescription for self-treatment .
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pessary
[名词]

a device placed in the vagina to support pelvic organs or manage certain gynecological conditions

子宫托, 阴道支撑装置

子宫托, 阴道支撑装置

Ex: Inserting a pessary is a straightforward procedure that can be done at home .
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a medication that needs a written order from a licensed healthcare provider to be bought because of its potential side effects and risks

处方药, 需处方药物

处方药, 需处方药物

Ex: He went to the pharmacy to pick up his prescription drug for pain relief .
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prophylactic
[名词]

a preventive measure or substance, such as a medication or treatment, taken to protect against the occurrence of a disease or other unwanted health condition

预防药, 预防措施

预防药, 预防措施

Ex: Good dental hygiene, like brushing and flossing, is a prophylactic habit to prevent tooth decay.良好的牙齿卫生,如刷牙和使用牙线,是预防蛀牙的**预防性**习惯。
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purgative
[名词]

a substance that promotes bowel movements to relieve constipation

泻药, 通便剂

泻药, 通便剂

Ex: Using a purgative may lead to more frequent bowel movements.
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relaxant
[名词]

a substance or medication that induces a state of relaxation by reducing tension, stress, or muscle activity

松弛剂

松弛剂

Ex: Prolonged use of relaxants may have side effects and should be monitored .
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sedative
[名词]

any drug that is used to make one feel calm or induce sleep

镇静剂, 安眠药

镇静剂, 安眠药

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a medication taken to induce sleep or relieve insomnia

安眠药, 睡眠药

安眠药, 睡眠药

Ex: The doctor recommended lifestyle changes along with a sleeping pill to improve her overall sleep quality .医生建议改变生活方式以及服用**安眠药**来提高她的整体睡眠质量。
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statin
[名词]

a medication that lowers cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases

他汀

他汀

Ex: Over-the-counter supplements may interact with statin medications.
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suppository
[名词]

a medication form inserted into the body, usually in the rectum or vagina, where it dissolves or melts to release the medication

栓剂, 阴道栓

栓剂, 阴道栓

Ex: The suppository quickly melted , delivering the pain-relieving medication .
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suppressant
[名词]

a substance that controls or inhibits certain physiological processes, commonly used to alleviate symptoms like coughing or appetite

抑制剂,  压制剂

抑制剂, 压制剂

Ex: A suppressant can be a useful addition to cold remedies for symptom relief .**抑制剂**可以成为缓解感冒症状的有用补充。
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booster
[名词]

an additional dose of vaccine required periodically in order to increase, maintain, or renew the effects of a previous one

加强针, 加强剂量

加强针, 加强剂量

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tincture
[名词]

(pharmacology) a liquid medicine made by soaking a plant or herb in alcohol to extract its healing properties

酊剂, 酒精提取物

酊剂, 酒精提取物

Ex: The patient reported positive effects after using the herbal tincture as recommended .
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vaccine
[名词]

a substance, often administered through needle injections, that stimulates the body's immune response against harmful diseases

疫苗

疫苗

Ex: The annual flu vaccine is recommended for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and young children .年度流感**疫苗**被推荐给弱势群体,如老年人和幼儿。
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a medication that numbs a specific part of the body to block pain during medical procedures

局部麻醉剂, 局部麻醉药

局部麻醉剂, 局部麻醉药

Ex: The local anesthetic gel eased the discomfort during the minor skin procedure .
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any device, drug, or method that is used to prevent pregnancy

避孕药具, 避孕方法

避孕药具, 避孕方法

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a‌ medicine, often in a form of liquid, that one takes to relieve coughing

止咳糖浆, 咳嗽药

止咳糖浆, 咳嗽药

Ex: The cough medicine worked quickly to relieve his symptoms .**止咳药**迅速缓解了他的症状。
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diazepam
[名词]

a tranquilizing drug used to treat mild to moderate anxiety and tension

地西泮

地西泮

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downer
[名词]

a sedative or depressant drug, particularly a barbiturate

镇静剂, 抑制剂

镇静剂, 抑制剂

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laxative
[名词]

a substance, usually a drug, used to stimulate evacuation of the bowels

泻药, 通便药

泻药, 通便药

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liver salts
[名词]

‌a substance one drinks that helps to treat or relieve indigestion

肝盐, 肝脏用盐

肝盐, 肝脏用盐

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temazepam
[名词]

a drug that is used to treat symptoms of anxiety and insomnia

替马西泮, 用于治疗焦虑和失眠症状的药物

替马西泮, 用于治疗焦虑和失眠症状的药物

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tonic
[名词]

a drug that makes one feel stronger, healthier, or better, particularly used to treat exhaustion

补药, 滋补品

补药, 滋补品

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pharmaceutic
[名词]

a medicinal substance, particularly one prepared for use as a drug

药物, 药品

药物, 药品

Ex: The doctor considered the patient 's medical history before prescribing the pharmaceutic.
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tranquilizer
[名词]

a medication that induces a state of calmness and relaxation, often prescribed to alleviate anxiety or promote sleep

镇静剂, 安定药

镇静剂, 安定药

Ex: Deep breathing exercises can act as a non-medicated tranquillizer.深呼吸练习可以作为一种非药物**镇静剂**。
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