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Medical Science - Types of Medicine

Here you will learn some English words related to the different types of medicine, such as "antidote", "emetic", and "painkiller".

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Words Related to Medical Science
antidepressant

a drug that is used to treat people who feel extremely sad and anxious

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antidote
antidote
[noun]

a substance that counteracts or controls the effects of a poison

Ex: The doctor administered the antidote to counteract the effects of the venomous snake bite. 
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antiviral
antiviral
[Adjective]

inhibiting or destroying the growth and replication of viruses

Ex: She was prescribed an antiviral medication to treat her influenza infection. 
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antiviral
antiviral
[noun]

a drug that fights viral infections

Ex: The doctor prescribed an antiviral to treat the patient's influenza infection. 
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amphetamine

a stimulant used for ADHD and narcolepsy but is also associated with misuse and addiction

Ex: Amphetamine medications help some people with focus and attention challenges. 
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analgesic
analgesic
[noun]

a pain-relieving medication

Ex: After the dental procedure, the patient took an analgesic to manage postoperative tooth pain. 
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antacid
antacid
[noun]

a medication that reduces or neutralizes the acidity of the body, particularly the stomach

Ex: He took an antacid to ease his heartburn after dinner. 
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anticoagulant

a substance or medication that inhibits the clotting of blood

Ex: The cardiologist prescribed an anticoagulant to the patient with a history of atrial fibrillation to reduce the risk of blood clots. 
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anti-inflammatory

the substances, medications, or treatments that reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with inflammatory conditions, such as pain and swelling

Ex: Doctors recommend anti-inflammatory drugs for pain after injuries. 
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barbiturate

any organic compound derived from barbituric acid that is used as a sedative and greatly reduces the activity of the nervous system

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beta blocker

a medication that reduces heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline

Ex: The doctor prescribed a beta blocker to manage the patient's high blood pressure. 
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decongestant

a type of medicine used when someone has a cold and a blocked nose to help them breathe more easily

Ex: The pharmacist recommended taking a decongestant to relieve nasal congestion caused by allergies. 
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depressant

a substance, such as a medication or alcohol, that slows down the central nervous system, causing relaxation and reduced function

Ex: After taking my prescribed depressant for anxiety, I noticed a calming effect. 
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emetic
emetic
[noun]

a substance that causes vomiting and is used in cases of poisoning or overdose to remove harmful substances from the stomach

Ex: An emetic is a crucial tool in treating certain types of poisoning. 
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expectorant

a medicine that helps clear mucus and phlegm, relieving coughs and congestion

Ex: When I had a cough, I used an expectorant to make it easier to breathe. 
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fertility drug

a medication designed to enhance fertility by addressing hormonal imbalances or stimulating the ovaries to improve the chances of conception

Ex: The fertility drug aims to enhance the natural fertility process. 
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herbal medicine

the medicinal products made from plants or plant extracts used for their therapeutic properties

Ex: My grandmother often brewed herbal medicine teas for common ailments. 
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hypnotic
hypnotic
[noun]

a medication that induces sleep

Ex: The doctor prescribed a hypnotic to the patient experiencing chronic insomnia to improve sleep quality. 
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magic bullet

a drug or treatment that effectively prevents or cures a specific disease or condition with minimal or no harmful side effects

Ex: Aspirin is often seen as a magic bullet, quickly easing common pain. 
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multivitamin

a dietary supplement that contains a combination of essential vitamins and minerals, commonly taken orally in the form of tablets, capsules, or gummies

Ex: She started taking a multivitamin daily to ensure she was getting all the essential nutrients. 
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opioid
opioid
[noun]

any drugs with the same effects as opium, medicinally used for reducing extreme pain

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painkiller

a type of medicine that is used to reduce or relieve pain

Ex: She took a painkiller to help manage her headache after a long day at work. 
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pastille
pastille
[noun]

a sweet that contains medicine or is flavored with fruit to treat sore throat

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patent medicine

over-the-counter remedies sold without scientific validation for their effectiveness and safety

Ex: In the past, people relied on patent medicine for various health issues. 
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pessary
pessary
[noun]

a device placed in the vagina to support pelvic organs or manage certain gynecological conditions

Ex: Some women use a pessary as a non-surgical option for pelvic support. 
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prescription drug

a medication that needs a written order from a licensed healthcare provider to be bought because of its potential side effects and risks

Ex: Prescription drugs come with specific dosage instructions for safe use. 
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prophylactic

a drug, vaccine, or treatment used to prevent infection or disease

Ex: The vaccine acts as a prophylactic against the virus. 
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purgative
purgative
[noun]

a substance that promotes bowel movements to relieve constipation

Ex: The doctor recommended a purgative to relieve constipation. 
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relaxant
relaxant
[noun]

a substance or medication that induces a state of relaxation by reducing tension, stress, or muscle activity

Ex: The doctor prescribed a muscle relaxant to ease tension in my back. 
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sedative
sedative
[noun]

any drug that is used to make one feel calm or induce sleep

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sleeping pill

a medication taken to induce sleep or relieve insomnia

Ex: After struggling with insomnia for weeks, she finally decided to consult her doctor about a sleeping pill. 
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statin
statin
[noun]

a medication that lowers cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases

Ex: Statins are often used to manage high cholesterol levels. 
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suppository

a medication form inserted into the body, usually in the rectum or vagina, where it dissolves or melts to release the medication

Ex: Some fever-reducing medications come in suppository form. 
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suppressant

a substance that controls or inhibits certain physiological processes, commonly used to alleviate symptoms like coughing or appetite

Ex: The pharmacist explained the proper use of the prescribed suppressant. 
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booster
booster
[noun]

an additional dose of vaccine required periodically in order to increase, maintain, or renew the effects of a previous one

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tincture
tincture
[noun]

(pharmacology) a liquid medicine made by soaking a plant or herb in alcohol to extract its healing properties

Ex: Tinctures are considered a traditional form of herbal medicine. 
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vaccine
vaccine
[noun]

a substance, often administered through needle injections, that stimulates the body's immune response against harmful diseases

Ex: The new vaccine was developed to protect against the flu virus. 
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local anesthetic

a medication that numbs a specific part of the body to block pain during medical procedures

Ex: The doctor applied a local anesthetic to the skin before removing a mole. 
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contraceptive

any device, drug, or method that is used to prevent pregnancy

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cough medicine

a‌ medicine, often in a form of liquid, that one takes to relieve coughing

Ex: He took cough medicine to soothe his throat. 
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diazepam
diazepam
[noun]

a tranquilizing drug used to treat mild to moderate anxiety and tension

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downer
downer
[noun]

a sedative or depressant drug, particularly a barbiturate

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laxative
laxative
[noun]

a substance, usually a drug, used to stimulate evacuation of the bowels

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liver salts

‌a substance one drinks that helps to treat or relieve indigestion

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temazepam
temazepam
[noun]

a drug that is used to treat symptoms of anxiety and insomnia

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tonic
tonic
[noun]

a drug that makes one feel stronger, healthier, or better, particularly used to treat exhaustion

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pharmaceutic

a medicinal substance, particularly one prepared for use as a drug

Ex: Pharmaceutics play a crucial role in managing various health conditions. 
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tranquilizer

a medication that induces a state of calmness and relaxation, often prescribed to alleviate anxiety or promote sleep

Ex: Taking a tranquillizer before bedtime can promote better sleep. 
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