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Aklat Total English - Itaas na Intermediate - Yunit 5 - Sanggunian - Bahagi 1

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 5 - Sanggunian - Bahagi 1 sa Total English Upper-Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "expand", "stake", "gamble", atbp.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Total English - Upper-intermediate
to lower
to lower
[Pandiwa]

to reduce something in degree, amount, quality, or strength

bawasan, pababain

bawasan, pababain

Ex: The company decided to lower its prices to attract more customers. 

Nagpasya ang kumpanya na ibaba ang mga presyo nito upang makaakit ng mas maraming customer.

contract
contract
[Pangngalan]

an official agreement between two or more sides that states what each of them has to do

kontrata

kontrata

Ex: The contract with the client includes deadlines for completing the project milestones. 

Ang kontrata sa kliyente ay may kasamang mga deadline para sa pagkumpleto ng mga milestone ng proyekto.

to expand
to expand
[Pandiwa]

to become something greater in quantity, importance, or size

palawakin, palawigin

palawakin, palawigin

Ex: With technological advancements, the capabilities of smartphones expanded. 

Sa mga pagsulong sa teknolohiya, ang mga kakayahan ng mga smartphone ay lumawak.

to extend
to extend
[Pandiwa]

to enlarge or lengthen something

pahabain, palawakin

pahabain, palawakin

Ex: She extends her hand for a friendly handshake. 

Ibinabato niya ang kanyang kamay para sa isang palakaibigan na pakikipagkamay.

to reduce
to reduce
[Pandiwa]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

bawasan, pababain

bawasan, pababain

Ex: The chef suggested using alternative ingredients to reduce the calorie content of the dish. 

Iminungkahi ng chef ang paggamit ng mga alternatibong sangkap upang bawasan ang calorie content ng ulam.

to shrink
to shrink
[Pandiwa]

(of clothes or fabric) to become smaller when washed with hot water

umurong, lumiit

umurong, lumiit

Ex: Be cautious with the new sweater; it tends to shrink in hot water. 

Mag-ingat sa bagong suweter; madalas itong umurong sa mainit na tubig.

to spread
to spread
[Pandiwa]

to cause something to reach or affect a larger area or group of people

ikalat, kumalat

ikalat, kumalat

Ex: The virus was spread by infected travelers to other countries. 

Ang virus ay kumalat ng mga nahawaang manlalakbay sa ibang bansa.

to stretch
to stretch
[Pandiwa]

to make something longer, looser, or wider, especially by pulling it

unat, habaan

unat, habaan

Ex: She decided to stretch the fabric before sewing to ensure it would fit properly. 

Nagpasya siyang iunat ang tela bago magtahi upang matiyak na ito ay magkasya nang maayos.

to risk
to risk
[Pandiwa]

to put someone or something important in a situation where they could be harmed, lost, or destroyed

magsapanganib, ilagay sa panganib

magsapanganib, ilagay sa panganib

Ex: He risked his job by confronting the supervisor about workplace conditions. 

Inilagay niya sa panganib ang kanyang trabaho sa pagharap sa supervisor tungkol sa mga kondisyon sa lugar ng trabaho.

gamble
gamble
[Pangngalan]

an act that someone does while knowing that there is a risk but also possible success

pagsusugal, kinakalkula na panganib

pagsusugal, kinakalkula na panganib

Ex: Investing all his savings in the startup was a huge gamble, but it paid off when the company became successful. 

Ang pag-invest ng lahat ng kanyang ipon sa startup ay isang malaking sugal, ngunit ito ay nagbunga nang ang kumpanya ay naging matagumpay.

opportunity
opportunity
[Pangngalan]

a situation or a chance where doing or achieving something particular becomes possible or easier

pagkakataon, oportunidad

pagkakataon, oportunidad

Ex: Learning a new language opens up opportunities for travel and cultural exchange. 

Ang pag-aaral ng bagong wika ay nagbubukas ng mga pagkakataon para sa paglalakbay at palitan ng kultura.

chance
chance
[Pangngalan]

a possibility arising from favorable circumstances

pagkakataon, tsansa

pagkakataon, tsansa

Ex: We had a brief chance to tour the museum. 

Nagkaroon kami ng maikling pagkakataon na maglibot sa museo.

stake
stake
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money invested in a business

bahagi, puhunan

bahagi, puhunan

Ex: She purchased a significant stake in the startup company to support its growth. 

Bumili siya ng malaking bahagi sa startup company para suportahan ang paglago nito.

ambition
ambition
[Pangngalan]

something that is greatly desired

ambisyon, hangarin

ambisyon, hangarin

Ex: Her ambition was to write a novel and share her story with the world. 

Ang ambisyon niya ay sumulat ng nobela at ibahagi ang kanyang kwento sa mundo.

substantial
substantial
[pang-uri]

significant in amount or degree

makabuluhan, malaki

makabuluhan, malaki

Ex: The company made a substantial investment in upgrading its infrastructure. 

Ang kumpanya ay gumawa ng malaking pamumuhunan sa pag-upgrade ng imprastraktura nito.

to put up with

to tolerate something or someone unpleasant, often without complaining

tiisin, pagtiisan

tiisin, pagtiisan

Ex: Parents often put up with the messiness of young children for the joy they bring. 

Ang mga magulang ay madalas na tumitiis sa kalat ng mga maliliit na bata dahil sa kasiyahan na dala nila.

to deal with
to deal with
[Pandiwa]

to take the necessary action regarding someone or something specific

harapin, asikasuhin

harapin, asikasuhin

Ex: As a teacher, she needs to deal with various student behaviors. 

Bilang isang guro, kailangan niyang harapin ang iba't ibang ugali ng mga estudyante.

to focus
to focus
[Pandiwa]

to pay full attention to someone or something specific

tumutok, magpokus

tumutok, magpokus

Ex: Jane can focus better when she listens to instrumental music. 

Mas maganda ang pokus ni Jane kapag nakikinig siya ng instrumental na musika.

to endure
to endure
[Pandiwa]

to allow the presence or actions of someone or something disliked without interference or complaint

tiisin, pagtiisan

tiisin, pagtiisan

Ex: The employees had to endure long working hours during the busy season to meet the project deadline. 

Ang mga empleyado ay kailangang tiisin ang mahabang oras ng trabaho sa abalang panahon upang matugunan ang deadline ng proyekto.

challenge
challenge
[Pangngalan]

a difficult and new task that puts one's skill, ability, and determination to the test

hamon

hamon

Ex: Overcoming that obstacle was a significant challenge for the team. 

Ang pagtagumpayan sa hadlang na iyon ay isang malaking hamon para sa koponan.

to battle
to battle
[Pandiwa]

to overcome challenges, defend beliefs, or achieve a difficult thing

lumaban, nakipaglaban

lumaban, nakipaglaban

Ex: She battled through the challenges to achieve her career goals. 

Nakipaglaban siya sa mga hamon upang makamit ang kanyang mga layunin sa karera.

effort
effort
[Pangngalan]

an attempt to do something, particularly something demanding

pagsisikap

pagsisikap

Ex: Despite her best effort, she couldn't solve the puzzle. 

Sa kabila ng kanyang pinakamahusay na pagsisikap, hindi niya malutas ang palaisipan.

campaign
campaign
[Pangngalan]

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

kampanya

kampanya

Ex: The presidential campaign included rallies, debates, and advertising across the country. 
white water
white water
[Pangngalan]

the part of water in a river that runs very fast and looks foamy

puting tubig, mabilis na agos ng tubig

puting tubig, mabilis na agos ng tubig

Ex: They went white water rafting in the mountains. 

Pumunta sila sa white water rafting sa mga bundok.

rafting
rafting
[Pangngalan]

the practice of using a raft to travel with the flow of a river as a sport or hobby

rafting, paglalayag sa bangkang pantubig

rafting, paglalayag sa bangkang pantubig

Ex: They went rafting on the fast-moving White-water rafting is a popular adventure sport.river. 

Pumunta sila sa rafting sa mabilis na umaagos na ilog. Ang rafting ay isang popular na isport ng pakikipagsapalaran.

rock climbing
rock climbing
[Pangngalan]

a type of sport in which a person climbs rock surfaces that are very steep

pag-akyat ng bato, rock climbing

pag-akyat ng bato, rock climbing

Ex: Rock climbing requires strength and focus. 

Ang rock climbing ay nangangailangan ng lakas at pokus.

horse riding
horse riding
[Pangngalan]

a sport that involves riders performing specific tasks like jumping over obstacles or showcasing their skills on horseback

pagsakay sa kabayo, isport ng pagsakay sa kabayo

pagsakay sa kabayo, isport ng pagsakay sa kabayo

Ex: Horse riding is a popular sport in rural areas. 

Pagsakay sa kabayo ay isang popular na isport sa mga rural na lugar.

off-road
off-road
[pang-uri]

able to be driven or ridden on rough ground

off-road, pang-malupitang lupa

off-road, pang-malupitang lupa

Ex: He bought an off-road vehicle for his mountain trips. 

Bumili siya ng isang off-road na sasakyan para sa kanyang mga paglalakbay sa bundok.

mountain biking
mountain biking
[Pangngalan]

the activity or sport of riding a mountain bike over rough ground

pagsakay ng mountain bike, MTB

pagsakay ng mountain bike, MTB

Ex: Mountain biking is a great way to explore the outdoors. 

Ang mountain biking ay isang mahusay na paraan upang tuklasin ang labas.

rugby
rugby
[Pangngalan]

a game played by two teams of thirteen or fifteen players, who kick or carry an oval ball over the other team’s line to score points

rugby, laro ng rugby

rugby, laro ng rugby

Ex: He started playing rugby at a young age. 

Nagsimula siyang maglaro ng rugby sa murang edad.

archery
archery
[Pangngalan]

a martial art and sport that is practiced using arrows and bows

pamamana, arkerya

pamamana, arkerya

Ex: She has been practicing archery for five years. 

Limang taon na siyang nagsasanay ng pamamana.

helmet
helmet
[Pangngalan]

a hard hat worn by soldiers, bikers, etc. for protection

helmet, hard hat

helmet, hard hat

Ex: The construction worker wore a bright yellow safety helmet before entering the site. 

Ang construction worker ay may suot na maliwanag na dilaw na safety helmet bago pumasok sa site.

harness
harness
[Pangngalan]

a system of straps worn on the human body to provide support, distribute weight, or secure an object

arnes, sintas

arnes, sintas

Ex: The worker wore a safety harness while repairing the roof. 

Ang manggagawa ay may suot na safety harness habang inaayos ang bubong.

swimsuit
swimsuit
[Pangngalan]

a piece of clothing worn for swimming, especially by women and girls

swimsuit, damit pang-swimming

swimsuit, damit pang-swimming

Ex: He enjoys wearing his swimsuit at the water park on hot summer days. 

Nasasabik siyang magsuot ng kanyang swimsuit sa water park sa mga mainit na araw ng tag-araw.

wetsuit
wetsuit
[Pangngalan]

a tight-fitting piece of clothing made of rubber that is worn by underwater swimmers to remain warm

damit na panlangoy, suot na panlangoy

damit na panlangoy, suot na panlangoy

Ex: He zipped up his wetsuit before heading into the chilly ocean waters to surf. 

Isinara niya ang kanyang wetsuit bago pumunta sa malamig na tubig ng karagatan para mag-surf.

life jacket
life jacket
[Pangngalan]

a special type of vest worn to help keep a person afloat in water, especially in case of an emergency

life jacket, vest na pangligtas

life jacket, vest na pangligtas

Ex: The children put on their life jackets before boarding the kayak. 

Isinuot ng mga bata ang kanilang life jacket bago sumakay sa kayak.

trainer
trainer
[Pangngalan]

a sports shoe with a rubber sole that is worn casually or for doing exercise

sapatos na pampalakas, trener

sapatos na pampalakas, trener

Ex: He cleaned his muddy trainers after the hike. 

Nilinis niya ang kanyang maruming sapatos na pang-sports pagkatapos ng hike.

goggles
goggles
[Pangngalan]

a type of eyewear that are designed to protect the eyes from harm

salamin sa proteksyon, salamin sa paglangoy

salamin sa proteksyon, salamin sa paglangoy

Ex: He wore goggles while swimming to protect his eyes from chlorine. 

Suot niya ang goggles habang lumalangoy para protektahan ang kanyang mga mata mula sa chlorine.

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