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健康と病気 - Disability

ここでは「ディスレクシア」「インペアメント」「てんかん」など障害に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
blindness
[名詞]

the condition or state of being completely or partially unable to see

盲目, 失明

盲目, 失明

Ex: The doctor explained that cataracts can lead to blindness if left untreated .

a rare neurological condition in which a person is unable to move or speak, but retains full awareness and mental alertness

閉じ込め症候群, ロックイン症候群

閉じ込め症候群, ロックイン症候群

deafness
[名詞]

the state or condition of being totally or partially unable to hear

難聴 (なんちょう), 聴覚障害 (ちょうかくしょうがい)

難聴 (なんちょう), 聴覚障害 (ちょうかくしょうがい)

Ex: Early detection deafness is essential for better outcomes .

a complex developmental disorder stigmatized by persistent challenges with social communication and interaction or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior

自閉症スペクトラム障害, 自閉スペクトラム症

自閉症スペクトラム障害, 自閉スペクトラム症

disability
[名詞]

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

障害 (しょうがい), ディスabilities (ディスアビリティ)

障害 (しょうがい), ディスabilities (ディスアビリティ)

Ex: Disability should not prevent someone from achieving their goals .
amputation
[名詞]

surgical removal of a limb or a part of it

切断 (せつだん), 外科的切除 (がいかてきせつじょ)

切断 (せつだん), 外科的切除 (がいかてきせつじょ)

spina bifida
[名詞]

a congenital condition where the neural tube, which forms the spinal cord and backbone, does not close properly during fetal development

脊髄裂孔, 二分脊椎

脊髄裂孔, 二分脊椎

Ex: With proper care and interventions , many individuals spina bifida lead fulfilling and active lives .

a neurological disorder affecting movement and coordination due to brain damage during pregnancy, childbirth, or early childhood

脳性麻痺, セレブロパルシー

脳性麻痺, セレブロパルシー

Ex: Early diagnosis improves outcomes for individuals cerebral palsy.
epilepsy
[名詞]

a central nervous system disorder that causes sudden, unprovoked, and recurrent seizures

てんかん, 癲癇

てんかん, 癲癇

echolalia
[名詞]

meaningless repetition or echoing of vocalizations made by another person, as a result of mental disorder

エコラリア, エコラリア症

エコラリア, エコラリア症

aphantasia
[名詞]

a condition where an individual lacks the ability to visualize or mentally create images in their mind's eye

アファンタジア, 心の目でイメージを作成できない状態

アファンタジア, 心の目でイメージを作成できない状態

dyslexia
[名詞]

a specific neurobiological disorder marked by difficulty reading and spelling in individuals with otherwise unaffected intelligence

ディスレクシア, 読字障害

ディスレクシア, 読字障害

dwarfism
[名詞]

a genetic condition resulting in shorter stature than average, often caused by a variety of genetic and medical factors

短身症(たんしんしょう), 小人症(こびとしょう)

短身症(たんしんしょう), 小人症(こびとしょう)

Ex: Adaptations and assistive devices can enhance independence for people dwarfism.

unable to hear properly

Ex: Public announcements are made with visual aids to assist those who hard of hearing.
impairment
[名詞]

a state or condition in which a part of one's body or brain does not work properly

障害(しょうがい), 機能障害(きのうしょうがい)

障害(しょうがい), 機能障害(きのうしょうがい)

Ex: Her impairment made it difficult for her to process complex information .

a disorder that affects the ability to comprehend or process information, particularly when not associated with physical disability

学習障害, 学習能力障害

学習障害, 学習能力障害

paraplegia
[名詞]

a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage

下半身麻痺 (かはんしんまひ), 対麻痺 (たいまひ)

下半身麻痺 (かはんしんまひ), 対麻痺 (たいまひ)

Ex: She received physical therapy to manage paraplegia and improve her mobility .
quadriplegia
[名詞]

a condition in which someone is paralyzed from neck down

四肢麻痺, クアドリプレジア

四肢麻痺, クアドリプレジア

the condition of being incapable of clearly seeing objects that are near to one

遠視, 長視

遠視, 長視

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