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健康と病気 - Disability

ここでは「失読症」、「障害」、「てんかん」などの障害に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
blindness
[名詞]

the condition or state of being completely or partially unable to see

盲目, 視力喪失

盲目, 視力喪失

Ex: The doctor explained that cataracts can lead to gradual blindness if left untreated .医師は、白内障が治療されない場合、徐々に**失明**につながる可能性があると説明しました。

a rare neurological condition in which a person is unable to move or speak, but retains full awareness and mental alertness

閉じ込め症候群, ロックトイン症候群

閉じ込め症候群, ロックトイン症候群

deafness
[名詞]

the state or condition of being totally or partially unable to hear

難聴, 聴覚障害の状態

難聴, 聴覚障害の状態

Ex: Early detection of deafness is essential for better outcomes .**難聴**の早期発見は、より良い結果を得るために不可欠です。

a complex developmental disorder stigmatized by persistent challenges with social communication and interaction or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior

自閉症スペクトラム障害, 自閉スペクトラム症

自閉症スペクトラム障害, 自閉スペクトラム症

disability
[名詞]

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

障害, 不具

障害, 不具

Ex: Disability should not prevent someone from achieving their goals .**障害**は、誰かが目標を達成するのを妨げるべきではありません。
amputation
[名詞]

surgical removal of a limb or a part of it

切断

切断

spina bifida
[名詞]

a congenital condition where the neural tube, which forms the spinal cord and backbone, does not close properly during fetal development

二分脊椎

二分脊椎

Ex: With proper care and interventions , many individuals with spina bifida lead fulfilling and active lives .適切なケアと介入により、**二分脊椎**の多くの人々が充実した活発な生活を送っています。

a neurological disorder affecting movement and coordination due to brain damage during pregnancy, childbirth, or early childhood

脳性麻痺

脳性麻痺

Ex: Early diagnosis improves outcomes for individuals with cerebral palsy.早期診断は、**脳性麻痺**のある個人の転帰を改善します。
epilepsy
[名詞]

a central nervous system disorder that causes sudden, unprovoked, and recurrent seizures

てんかん

てんかん

echolalia
[名詞]

meaningless repetition or echoing of vocalizations made by another person, as a result of mental disorder

反響言語, 他人の言葉を自動的に繰り返すこと

反響言語, 他人の言葉を自動的に繰り返すこと

aphantasia
[名詞]

a condition where an individual lacks the ability to visualize or mentally create images in their mind's eye

アファンタジア, 心の目でイメージを視覚化または精神的に作成する能力が欠如している状態

アファンタジア, 心の目でイメージを視覚化または精神的に作成する能力が欠如している状態

dyslexia
[名詞]

a specific neurobiological disorder marked by difficulty reading and spelling in individuals with otherwise unaffected intelligence

失読症, 読み書きの特定の障害

失読症, 読み書きの特定の障害

dwarfism
[名詞]

a genetic condition resulting in shorter stature than average, often caused by a variety of genetic and medical factors

小人症

小人症

Ex: Adaptations and assistive devices can enhance independence for people with dwarfism.適応と補助器具は、**小人症**の人々の自立を高めることができます。

unable to hear properly

Ex: Public announcements are made with visual aids to assist those who hard of hearing.
impairment
[名詞]

a state or condition in which a part of one's body or brain does not work properly

障害, 損傷

障害, 損傷

Ex: Her cognitive impairment made it difficult for her to process complex information .彼女の認知**障害**は、複雑な情報を処理することを困難にした。

a disorder that affects the ability to comprehend or process information, particularly when not associated with physical disability

学習障害, 学習困難

学習障害, 学習困難

paraplegia
[名詞]

a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage

対麻痺

対麻痺

Ex: She received physical therapy to manage her paraplegia and improve her mobility .彼女は**対麻痺**を管理し、移動能力を向上させるために理学療法を受けました。
quadriplegia
[名詞]

a condition in which someone is paralyzed from neck down

四肢麻痺

四肢麻痺

the condition of being incapable of clearly seeing objects that are near to one

遠視, 老眼

遠視, 老眼

健康と病気
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