Architektura i Budownictwo - Kolumny

a flat, stone block that sits on top of a column, used to support the parts above it such as a roof

abakus

the curved or sloping transition between the shaft of a column and its base or capital, providing a graceful connection between the two elements

apofiga

a sculpted male figure or column in the form of a standing human figure, often used as a decorative support or columnar element in architecture

atlant

the bottom portion or support of a column, pillar, or structure, providing stability and transitioning between the column and the ground or foundation

podstawa

a sculpted female figure used as a supporting column or pillar in architecture, often taking the place of a traditional column and bearing the weight of the structure on its head and shoulders

kariatida

the slight curvature applied to the shaft of a column to create an optical illusion of straightness and visual harmony

entasis

the base or lower part of a column that provides support and stability, typically consisting of a wider section at the bottom that rests on the ground or a pedestal

podstawa

the narrow, usually cylindrical section between the capital and the shaft of a column, serving as a transitional element

szyja

the long, vertical, and usually cylindrical part of a column between the base and the capital

trzon

a convex, semi-circular molding or projection that is often used to ornament the base or capital of a column, providing visual interest and a decorative touch

torus

a type of classical architectural column characterized by a plain, fluted shaft, a capital with a simple circular molding, and no base

kolumna dorycka

a type of classical architectural column characterized by a slender, fluted shaft, a capital with volutes, and a base

kolumna jońska

a type of classical architectural column characterized by a slender, fluted shaft, a capital adorned with acanthus leaves, and a base

kolumna koryncka

a base or support structure for an architectural element or statue

podejście

the part of a column that is located at top

kapitel

a decorative column or pilaster that typically features a human or animal head or bust at the top, often used to support an entablature or other architectural elements

termin

a vertical, rectangular or flattened column-like element that is typically attached to a wall and often features a capital, base, and entablature

pilaster

an upright, tall, and strong structure made of stone, metal, or wood that provides support for a part of a building such as the roof

filar

the sharp edge or ridge formed by the meeting of two surfaces, particularly in architectural elements such as columns, moldings, or corners of buildings, often created by chamfering or beveling the edges

krawędź

a rounded and convex element found in the capital of a column, adding visual appeal to the architectural design

echinus

a structural element in architecture that refers to a square or rectangular column or pilaster-like projection at the end of a wall, typically found at the corners of a building or as a division between spaces

anta

a broad, flat base that serves as a foundation for a column, statue, or structure

cokół

a row of columns having equal distance from each other, often supporting a roof or arch

kolumnada

a shallow vertical groove or channel that is typically found on the surface of a column or pilaster

flet

a column with eight sides or faces, forming an octagon shape, commonly used in architectural design to provide structural support and aesthetic variation

ośmiokątny słup

a column with four sides or faces, forming a square shape, often used in architecture to provide support and visual symmetry in structures such as buildings, temples, or porticos

kwadratowa kolumna

a plain and unadorned column without any decorative features or textures

gładka kolumna

a column that is partially embedded or attached to a wall, often used in architecture as a decorative element or for structural support, appearing as a half-column projecting from a surface

słup zaangażowany

a twisted or spiral column characterized by a helical or corkscrew-like design, commonly associated with Baroque and Renaissance architecture

kolumna salomońska

a column designed in the Tuscan order, featuring a plain and unadorned shaft with a simple capital and base, known for its simplicity and classical proportions

kolumna toskańska

a vertical supporting element that divides a large opening, such as a doorway or window, into two smaller sections

trumeau

a simple protective or finishing element placed on top of the column shaft

kapitel

a vertical column or support used to bear and transfer the load of a building, bridge, or other structures to the ground or water

filar

a diagonal arch that spans across a structure, such as a bridge or tunnel, to accommodate an oblique alignment

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