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ACT Exam Literacy - Mental Capacities and Failures

Here you will learn some English words related to mental capacities and failures, such as "deranged", "neglect", "whim", etc. that will help you ace your ACTs.

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Essential Vocabulary for ACT
acumen
acumen
[noun]

sharp judgment and quick decision-making, especially in practical or professional matters

Ex: His legal acumen made him a top choice for complex cases .
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attentiveness

the quality of being alert and paying close attention to things

Ex: The teacher 's attentiveness to students ' needs fostered a positive learning environment .
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vigilance
vigilance
[noun]

the state or quality of being watchful and attentive, especially to detect potential danger or problems

Ex: Parental vigilance is crucial in ensuring child safety in public places .
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inference
inference
[noun]

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

Ex: The teacher encouraged students to practice making inferences while reading to enhance their comprehension skills .
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cognition
cognition
[noun]

the result of a mental processing or understanding

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deduction
deduction
[noun]

the process of using general rules or ideas to make a specific conclusion

Ex: From the general rule , she made a clear deduction about what to do next .
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facility
facility
[noun]

the quality of performing tasks or activities with ease and without difficulty

Ex: The engineer showed facility in solving complex problems with innovative solutions .
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instinct
instinct
[noun]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

Ex: The swimmer 's instinct to hold her breath underwater helped her win the race .
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intuition
intuition
[noun]

the ability to understand or know something immediately, without conscious reasoning or evidence

Ex: The artist 's intuition informed the composition of the painting .
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genius
genius
[noun]

an exceptional mental ability or talent that is unique and outstanding

Ex: The artist 's genius for painting moved people deeply .
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subconscious

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

Ex: The therapist helped him explore the hidden layers of his subconscious.
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aspiration

a strong drive or determination to succeed or achieve excellence

Ex: Political aspiration can inspire meaningful change .
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ambition
ambition
[noun]

the will to obtain wealth, power, success, etc.

Ex: The scientist 's ambition to make groundbreaking discoveries fueled his research .
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whim
whim
[noun]

a sudden and impulsive decision or desire that someone has without much thought or reason behind it

Ex: When her plans for the evening fell through , she acted on a whim and went out to see a movie by herself instead .
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competence

the ability to perform tasks effectively and efficiently, demonstrating both physical and intellectual readiness

Ex: Her competence as a manager led to increased productivity and employee satisfaction in her department .
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acuteness
acuteness
[noun]

a sharp intelligence, able to understand things deeply and quickly

Ex: The author 's acuteness in depicting human emotions made the novel resonate deeply with readers .
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initiative

the willingness to take action and start new things without being prompted or directed

Ex: It ’s important to show initiative when tackling challenges at work .
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precaution

the tendency or habit of exercising caution and foresight to prevent problems

Ex: She planned her travel with careful precaution.
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psyche
psyche
[noun]

the immaterial or nonphysical aspect of a person

Ex: Dreams provide insight into the psyche.
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to recall
to recall
[Verb]

to bring back something from the memory

Ex: A scent can often trigger the ability to recall past experiences .
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to recollect

to bring to mind past memories or experiences

Ex: Upon hearing the familiar tune , they both recollected the song that played at their wedding .
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to improvise

to create and perform words of a play, music, etc. on impulse and without preparation, particularly because one is forced to do so

Ex: Unable to find his notes , the speaker improvised a captivating speech on the spot .
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to beware
to beware
[Verb]

to warn someone to be cautious of a dangerous person or thing

Ex: Residents are advised to beware of wild animals when hiking in the national park .
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to distract

to cause someone to lose their focus or attention from something they were doing or thinking about

Ex: I was distracted by the constant chatter in the room and could n't concentrate on my reading .
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to familiarize

to make someone acquainted with something

Ex: The software tutorial aims to familiarize users with the key features of the application .
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to foretell

to predict or say in advance what will happen in the future

Ex: He had a knack for foretelling market trends and making successful investments .
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to foresee

to know or predict something before it happens

Ex: He foresaw a rise in demand for the product and stocked up .
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to heed
to heed
[Verb]

to be attentive to advice or a warning

Ex: Despite her friends ' warnings , she chose not to heed them and continued with her risky behavior .
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impressionable
impressionable
[Adjective]

easily influenced or affected by others or external factors, especially due to a lack of experience or critical judgment

Ex: His impressionable nature made him vulnerable to persuasive advertising and marketing tactics .
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impervious
impervious
[Adjective]

resistant to being affected or damaged by something

Ex: The high-quality paint was impervious to fading and wear .
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cognizant
cognizant
[Adjective]

having knowledge or awareness about something

Ex: He was cognizant of his limitations and knew when to ask for help .
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astute
astute
[Adjective]

having a clever and practical ability to make wise and effective decisions

Ex: The manager 's astute leadership skills guided the team through challenging projects .
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savvy
savvy
[Adjective]

possessing practical knowledge, expertise, or understanding in a particular domain

Ex: The savvy traveler knows how to find the best deals on flights and accommodations .
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sagacious
sagacious
[Adjective]

having keen, farsighted judgment and the ability to discern deeply and wisely

Ex: A sagacious mentor can provide invaluable guidance during challenging times .
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shrewd
shrewd
[Adjective]

having or showing good judgement, especially in business or politics

Ex: Her shrewd analysis of the situation enabled her to make strategic moves that outmaneuvered her competitors .
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sentient
sentient
[Adjective]

possessing the ability to experience, feel, or perceive things through the senses

Ex: The ethical treatment of sentient creatures is a significant concern in animal welfare.
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conscious
conscious
[Adjective]

aware of and responsive to one's surroundings

Ex: The driver was conscious and alert despite the accident .
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perceptive
perceptive
[Adjective]

(of a person) able to quickly and accurately understand or notice things due to keen awareness and insight

Ex: Being perceptive helped her identify opportunities others missed .
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imaginative
imaginative
[Adjective]

displaying or having creativity or originality

Ex: He has an imaginative mind , constantly coming up with innovative solutions to challenges .
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imprudence

the quality of making decisions or taking actions without considering potential risks or consequences

Ex: Her imprudence in trusting strangers led to a series of unfortunate events .
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folly
folly
[noun]

the quality of behaving in a foolish or reckless manner, often without considering the consequences

Ex: The politician 's public remarks caused widespread controversy and were regarded as political folly.
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trance
trance
[noun]

a mental state characterized by a fragile consciousness and reduced ability for voluntary action, often resembling a deep sleep

Ex: The hypnotist induced a trance to help the patient explore their subconscious thoughts .
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ignorance
ignorance
[noun]

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

Ex: The ignorance of some people about climate change highlights the need for more widespread awareness and education on environmental issues .
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delusion
delusion
[noun]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

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delirium
delirium
[noun]

a state of extreme mental confusion, often accompanied by confused or unclear thoughts or speech

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insanity
insanity
[noun]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment for insanity.
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incapacity

the lack of intellectual or mental power to do something

Ex: The patient 's cognitive decline resulted in an incapacity to manage their financial affairs and make sound financial decisions .
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hallucination

a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

Ex: Hallucinations can be a symptom of certain medical conditions , including neurological disorders or brain injuries .
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fallacy
fallacy
[noun]

a false idea or belief based on invalid arguments, often one that many people think is true

Ex: The belief that all members of a particular ethnic group are universally untrustworthy is a fallacy built on stereotypes and can lead to discrimination and prejudice .
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misconception

a mistaken or inaccurate belief or understanding about something

Ex: There 's a misconception that all artists are starving or struggling financially .
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to neglect

to pay little or no attention to something or someone, often leading to issues or problems

Ex: Neglecting cybersecurity measures in today 's digital age can expose your personal information to potential threats .
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to disregard

to intentionally ignore or act without concern for something or someone that deserves consideration

Ex: The manager is currently disregarding critical feedback , hindering team improvement .
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to misinterpret

to understand or explain something incorrectly

Ex: The audience misinterpreted the artist 's message , creating controversy over the artwork .
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to overlook

to not notice or see something

Ex: Be cautious not to overlook the signs of wear and tear in equipment maintenance .
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oblivious
oblivious
[Adjective]

lacking conscious awareness of something

Ex: The children were oblivious to the time , playing happily in the park long after sunset .
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deranged
deranged
[Adjective]

incapable of behaving normally or thinking clearly due to mental illness

Ex: After the accident , her mind was so deranged that she could n't recognize her own family .
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insensible
insensible
[Adjective]

not noticing or caring about something

Ex: The politician was insensible to public opinion , pursuing unpopular policies .
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naive
naive
[Adjective]

lacking experience, wisdom, or understanding about the world, often resulting in being overly trusting or easily deceived

Ex: The naive interpretation of the contract terms caused misunderstandings between the parties involved .
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