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Health and Sickness - Musculoskeletal Diseases and Problems

Here you will learn some English words related to musculoskeletal diseases and problems such as "myopathy", "scoliosis", and "arthritis".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
becker muscular dystrophy

a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting due to mutations in the dystrophin gene

Ex: Patients with Becker muscular dystrophy may use assistive devices .
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duchenne's muscular dystrophy

a genetic disorder causing progressive muscle weakness due to dystrophin gene mutations

Ex: Families often face challenges in coping with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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distal muscular dystrophy

a genetic disorder causing progressive muscle weakness, primarily in the hands and feet

Ex: Research focuses on understanding the progression of distal muscular dystrophy.
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facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

a genetic muscle disorder causing progressive weakness in facial, shoulder, and upper arm muscles, typically starting in adolescence or adulthood

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limb-girdle muscular dystrophy

a group of genetic disorders characterized by progressive weakening and wasting of the muscles, predominantly affecting the shoulder and hip girdles

Ex: Managing limb-girdle muscular dystrophy often involves physical therapy .
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oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

a rare genetic disorder that primarily affects the muscles of the eyes and throat

Ex: As a progressive condition , oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy symptoms tend to worsen over time .
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myopathy
myopathy
[noun]

a disease that affect the muscles, leading to weakness or dysfunction

Ex: Myopathy can result from various causes, including genetic factors, autoimmune reactions, or certain medications.
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rhabdomyolysis

muscle tissue breakdown leading to myoglobin release, which can potentially cause kidney damage and other symptoms

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myasthenia gravis

a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue, particularly in the voluntary muscles

Ex: Despite rest improving her symptoms temporarily , Sarah faces muscle weakness throughout the day due to myasthenia gravis.
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cardiomyopathy

a medical condition where the heart muscle becomes weakened, enlarged, or stiff, leading to impaired heart function

Ex: Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by the enlargement of the heart chambers, reducing its pumping ability.
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amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord

Ex: The family adapted the home to accommodate the needs of ALS patients.
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sarcopenia

age-related loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, leading to decreased physical performance and increased health risks

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polymyositis

a rare inflammatory disease that primarily affects skeletal muscles, causing muscle weakness and inflammation

Ex: Early detection is crucial for effective dermatomyositis treatment.
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dermatomyositis

an autoimmune disease causing muscle inflammation and distinctive skin rashes

Ex: Dermatomyositis symptoms can vary from person to person .
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ataxia
ataxia
[noun]

a neurological condition characterized by a lack of coordination, affecting movements, balance, and speech

Ex: Individuals with ataxia may require physical therapy for improvement .
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arthritis
arthritis
[noun]

a medical condition that causes pain and swelling in the joints

Ex: Arthritis can affect people of all ages , but it is more common in older adults .
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gout
gout
[noun]

a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by sudden and severe pain, swelling, and tenderness, typically affecting the joint at the base of the big toe

Ex: The joint affected by gout may become tender to touch .
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osteoarthritis

a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced joint mobility

Ex: She manages osteoarthritis with a combination of medication and exercise .
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bursitis
bursitis
[noun]

the inflammation of the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that cushion and reduce friction between bones, tendons, and muscles near joints

Ex: Bursitis commonly affects the knees, shoulders, and hips.
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scoliosis
scoliosis
[noun]

an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine

Ex: Maintaining good posture is essential for scoliosis management .
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Paget's disease

a chronic bone disorder causing abnormal bone remodeling, leading to weakened and deformed bones with associated symptoms such as bone pain and fractures

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rickets
rickets
[noun]

a condition in children in which bones soften and become more susceptible to fractures and irregularities due to deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate

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tennis elbow

a condition characterized by inflammation of the tendons on the outer part of the elbow, typically caused by repetitive arm and wrist motion

Ex: Applying ice is a recommended treatment for tennis elbow.
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myotonic dystrophy

a genetic disorder causing muscle weakness and delayed muscle relaxation

Ex: Myotonic muscular dystrophy is a health issue where muscles become weaker and don't move as easily.
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cumulative trauma disorder

a condition caused by repetitive motions or prolonged, repetitive use of certain muscles, tendons, or nerves, leading to pain, inflammation, and functional impairment in affected areas

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