pattern

الأدب - أنواع غير الخيالية

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية المتعلقة بأصناف غير خيالية مثل "بيان"، "افتتاحية"، و"مذكرات".

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Words Related to Literature
reference work

a type of book that is designed to be consulted for information on a particular subject, and typically provides an overview or comprehensive treatment of the topic

عمل مرجعي, كتاب مرجعي

عمل مرجعي, كتاب مرجعي

almanac
almanac
[اسم]

an annual publication containing a wealth of information, such as calendars, astronomical data, weather forecasts, recipes, statistics, and other useful or interesting facts

تقويم, كتاب سنوي

تقويم, كتاب سنوي

encyclopedia
encyclopedia
[اسم]

a book or set of books that contains information on all branches of knowledge, or a particular branch of knowledge, typically arranged alphabetically by article title

موسوعة, قاموس موسوعي

موسوعة, قاموس موسوعي

Ex: She spent hours researching the history of ancient Egypt in the encyclopedia, fascinated by the details of the civilization. 
chronicle
chronicle
[اسم]

a historical account of events presented in chronological order

سجل زمني, تاريخ

سجل زمني, تاريخ

Ex: The historian wrote a detailed chronicle of the medieval period. 
consumer report

a non-profit organization that provides unbiased and independent reviews and ratings of various consumer products, including cars, appliances, electronics, and more

تقرير المستهلك, دراسة الاستهلاك

تقرير المستهلك, دراسة الاستهلاك

dictionary
dictionary
[اسم]

a book or electronic resource that gives a list of words in alphabetical order and explains their meanings, or gives the equivalent words in a different language

قاموس, معجم

قاموس, معجم

Ex: A pocket-sized dictionary can be handy during travels to help communicate in different languages. 
thesaurus
thesaurus
[اسم]

a reference book or online tool that provides synonyms and antonyms for words and phrases, often organized by meaning or usage

قاموس المرادفات, المعجم

قاموس المرادفات, المعجم

Ex: She used a thesaurus to find a more interesting word for her essay. 
business directory

a printed or online listing of businesses within a specific industry, location, or category, providing information about each business's name, address, phone number, website, and other relevant details

دليل الأعمال, سجل الشركات

دليل الأعمال, سجل الشركات

telephone directory

a listing of telephone subscribers in a geographical area or subscribers to services provided by the organization that publishes the directory

دليل الهاتف, كتاب الهاتف

دليل الهاتف, كتاب الهاتف

handbook
handbook
[اسم]

a concise reference book providing information and instructions on a particular subject or topic

كتيب, دليل

كتيب, دليل

yearbook
yearbook
[اسم]

a book produced annually that highlights events, activities, and people from a specific period within a year

كتاب سنوي, كتاب السنة

كتاب سنوي, كتاب السنة

Ex: Each year, the company publishes a yearbook showcasing the company's accomplishments, milestones, and employee achievements. 
quotation
quotation
[اسم]

a statement indicating the cost of a specific service or piece of work

عرض سعر, تسعير

عرض سعر, تسعير

Ex: The contractor provided a detailed quotation for the renovation project, outlining materials and labor costs. 
autobiography

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

سيرة ذاتية, مذكرات

سيرة ذاتية, مذكرات

Ex: He wrote an autobiography to share his life story with the world. 
biography
biography
[اسم]

the story of someone's life that is written by another person

سيرة ذاتية, حياة

سيرة ذاتية, حياة

Ex: The biography of Nelson Mandela highlights his journey and achievements. 
confession
confession
[اسم]

an acknowledgment of having committed a wrong, shameful, or embarrassing act

اعتراف, إقرار

اعتراف, إقرار

Ex: She made a confession about lying to her friend. 
diary
diary
[اسم]

a book or journal in which one records personal experiences, thoughts, or feelings on a regular basis, usually on a daily basis

مذكرات, يوميات

مذكرات, يوميات

Ex: She kept a diary throughout her travels, documenting her experiences and the people she met along the way. 
log
log
[اسم]

a written record of events, observations, or activities during a voyage of a ship, airplane, or expedition

سجل السفينة, دفتر السفينة

سجل السفينة, دفتر السفينة

Ex: The captain wrote daily entries in the ship's log. 
memoir
memoir
[اسم]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

مذكرات, سيرة ذاتية

مذكرات, سيرة ذاتية

epistle
epistle
[اسم]

any of the letters in the New Testament, written by the apostles

رسالة, رسالة رسولية

رسالة, رسالة رسولية

Ex: Paul's epistle to the Romans is a foundational text in Christian theology. 
letter
letter
[اسم]

a written or printed message that is sent to someone or an organization, company, etc.

رسالة

رسالة

Ex: I received a thank-you letter from the charity I donated to. 
epitaph
epitaph
[اسم]

a short verse or poem on a tombstone, serving to commemorate or convey a message to visitors of the grave

نقش شاهد القبر, قصيدة على القبر

نقش شاهد القبر, قصيدة على القبر

Ex: At the funeral, a close friend read aloud the heartfelt epitaph etched into the gravestone. 
literary criticism

the evaluation, interpretation, and analysis of literature, with a focus on its form, content, and historical and cultural contexts

النقد الأدبي, تحليل الأدب

النقد الأدبي, تحليل الأدب

book report
book report
[اسم]

a summary and analysis of a book, typically written by a student as a school assignment

تقرير الكتاب, ملخص الكتاب

تقرير الكتاب, ملخص الكتاب

book review
book review
[اسم]

a critical assessment of a book's content, style, and overall quality, aimed at informing readers and providing constructive feedback

مراجعة الكتاب, نقد الكتاب

مراجعة الكتاب, نقد الكتاب

Ex: The newspaper published a glowing book review of the new bestseller. 
review
review
[اسم]

a report that is published in a newspaper or a magazine, in which someone gives an opinion of a play, movie, book, etc.

مراجعة, نقد

مراجعة, نقد

Ex: According to the review, the new novel is a must-read. 
apologia
apologia
[اسم]

a formal written defense used to justify one's beliefs or opinions

اعتذار, دفاع مكتوب

اعتذار, دفاع مكتوب

polemic
polemic
[اسم]

a speech or piece of writing that strongly criticizes someone or something

جدال, نزاع

جدال, نزاع

Ex: His polemic against modern art sparked heated debate. 
essay
essay
[اسم]

a piece of writing that briefly analyzes or discusses a specific subject

مقال

مقال

Ex: She wrote an essay about climate change for her biology class. 
history book
history book
[اسم]

a written account of past events, people, and their impacts on society, culture, and the world

كتاب التاريخ, كتاب التاريخ المدرسي

كتاب التاريخ, كتاب التاريخ المدرسي

academic text

a piece of writing that is based on research, and intended to contribute to the academic conversation on a particular topic or field

نص أكاديمي, كتابة أكاديمية

نص أكاديمي, كتابة أكاديمية

scholarly paper

a written work that presents original research, analysis, or review of a particular topic, and is typically published in an academic or scientific journal

ورقة علمية, منشور أكاديمي

ورقة علمية, منشور أكاديمي

scientific paper

a written report that describes original research or findings on a particular scientific topic and is published in a scientific journal or conference proceedings

ورقة علمية, منشور علمي

ورقة علمية, منشور علمي

monograph
monograph
[اسم]

a detailed written account of a particular subject, usually in the format of a short book

مونوغراف, دراسة مفصلة

مونوغراف, دراسة مفصلة

Ex: Libraries often house monographs that delve deep into niche subjects, providing invaluable resources for researchers. 
scientific journal

a periodical publication that contains peer-reviewed articles reporting the results of original research or review articles summarizing the current state of research on a particular topic in science or medicine

مجلة علمية, دورية علمية

مجلة علمية, دورية علمية

treaty
treaty
[اسم]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

معاهدة

معاهدة

Ex: The two countries signed a peace treaty to end decades of conflict and establish diplomatic relations. 
edited volume

a book consisting of a collection of chapters or articles written by different authors, and compiled and edited by one or more editors

مجلد محرر, عمل جماعي

مجلد محرر, عمل جماعي

conference proceedings

a collection of academic papers, presentations, and discussions that are published following an academic conference or symposium

وقائع المؤتمر, إجراءات المؤتمر

وقائع المؤتمر, إجراءات المؤتمر

news story
news story
[اسم]

a factual account or report of an event, issue, or situation that is of interest to the public, and is published or broadcast by a news organization in various media formats such as newspapers, TV, radio, or online platforms

قصة إخبارية, تقرير إخباري

قصة إخبارية, تقرير إخباري

editorial
editorial
[اسم]

a newspaper article expressing the views of the editor on a particular subject

افتتاحية

افتتاحية

Ex: The editorial argued for more investment in public transportation. 
opinion piece

a written article or essay expressing the personal opinions or viewpoints of the author on a particular topic, often published in a newspaper, magazine, or online publication

مقال رأي, افتتاحية

مقال رأي, افتتاحية

manifesto
manifesto
[اسم]

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

بيان, إعلان عام

بيان, إعلان عام

Ex: The activists issued a manifesto to rally support for their cause. 
announcement
announcement
[اسم]

an official or public statement that contains information about something, particularly a present or future occurrence

إعلان, بيان

إعلان, بيان

Ex: The couple made an announcement to their friends and family about their engagement. 
textbook
textbook
[اسم]

a book used for the study of a particular subject, especially in schools and colleges

كتاب مدرسي, كتاب الدراسة

كتاب مدرسي, كتاب الدراسة

Ex: The textbook for the biology course is quite comprehensive. 
study guide
study guide
[اسم]

a material that is used by students to help them understand a particular topic or subject

دليل الدراسة, كتيب الدراسة

دليل الدراسة, كتيب الدراسة

field guide
field guide
[اسم]

a book designed to help the reader identify wildlife, plants, rocks, or other natural objects encountered in the field

دليل ميداني, كتاب التعريف

دليل ميداني, كتاب التعريف

travelog
travelog
[اسم]

a narrative or documentary that chronicles the experiences of a traveler, often including descriptions of the places visited, the people encountered, and the cultures experienced

سرد الرحلة, يوميات السفر

سرد الرحلة, يوميات السفر

recipe
recipe
[اسم]

the instructions on how to cook a certain food, including a list of the ingredients required

وصفة

وصفة

Ex: She followed her grandmother's chocolate cake recipe, which included a secret ingredient. 
cookbook
cookbook
[اسم]

a book that explains how a dish is cooked

كتاب الطبخ, كتاب وصفات

كتاب الطبخ, كتاب وصفات

Ex: She referred to her grandmother's old cookbook for traditional family recipes passed down through generations. 
user guide
user guide
[اسم]

a document that provides instructions, information, and guidance on how to use a particular product or service

دليل المستخدم, كتيب المستخدم

دليل المستخدم, كتيب المستخدم

self-help book

a type of book that provides guidance, advice, and instructions on a variety of personal and professional topics, with the aim of improving oneself and one's life

كتاب مساعدة ذاتية, كتاب تطوير الذات

كتاب مساعدة ذاتية, كتاب تطوير الذات

Ex: She picked up a self-help book to improve her time management skills. 
science book
science book
[اسم]

a written work about a scientific topic or related topics, often written for a general audience or for students

كتاب علمي, عمل علمي

كتاب علمي, عمل علمي

oration
oration
[اسم]

a formal speech delivered with eloquence and skill, usually given on a special occasion or to honor a specific person or event

خطاب, خطبة

خطاب, خطبة

saying
saying
[اسم]

a short, commonly known expression that conveys a general truth, advice, or observation

قول, مثل

قول, مثل

Ex: The saying "better late than never" encourages trying, even if delayed. 
academic publishing

the process of producing and distributing academic works such as research papers, articles, books, and other forms of scholarship in various fields of study

النشر الأكاديمي

النشر الأكاديمي

creative non-fiction

a genre of writing that uses literary techniques and narrative elements to present true events and experiences in a compelling and engaging way

الواقعية الإبداعية, الأدب الواقعي الإبداعي

الواقعية الإبداعية, الأدب الواقعي الإبداعي

design document

a detailed document that describes how a software product will be built, including the system architecture, user interface design, data design, and any other components needed for the successful implementation of the software

وثيقة التصميم, مستند التصميم

وثيقة التصميم, مستند التصميم

journal
journal
[اسم]

a magazine or newspaper that gives information about a specific topic

مجلة, صحيفة

مجلة, صحيفة

Ex: He subscribed to a travel journal to get tips for his upcoming vacation. 
natural history

the scientific study of organisms and their environment, including their behavior, anatomy, physiology, distribution, and ecology, among other things

التاريخ الطبيعي, العلوم الطبيعية

التاريخ الطبيعي, العلوم الطبيعية

popular science

a genre of science writing that is aimed at a general audience and seeks to explain scientific concepts and discoveries in an accessible and engaging way

العلوم الشعبية, التوعية العلمية

العلوم الشعبية, التوعية العلمية

miscellany
miscellany
[اسم]

an assortment of short literary works, such as poems, essays, ballads, and stories, compiled into a single volume

مختارات, أنطولوجيا

مختارات, أنطولوجيا

Ex: The publisher released a miscellany of 19th-century romantic poetry. 
statute
statute
[اسم]

an officially written and established law

قانون, نظام

قانون, نظام

Ex: The new statute requires all drivers to use hands-free devices while driving. 
bildungsroman

a novel that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of its main character from youth to adulthood

رواية التكوين, رواية التعليم

رواية التكوين, رواية التعليم

Ex: The novel follows the protagonist's coming-of-age journey from adolescence to adulthood, making it a classic example of bildungsroman literature. 
commentary
commentary
[اسم]

a series of explanations or critiques that offer insights or interpretations on a subject or text

تعليق, تحليل

تعليق, تحليل

Ex: The historian’s commentary on the ancient manuscript provided context for its meaning. 
covenant
covenant
[اسم]

a promise or a formal agreement, particularly one that involves regularly paying a sum of money to someone or an organization

عهد, اتفاقية

عهد, اتفاقية

Ex: The two countries signed a covenant to promote peace and cooperation. 
critique
critique
[اسم]

a detailed judgment of something, such as a work of art, a political idea, etc.

نقد

نقد

Ex: The art professor provided a thorough critique of the student's painting, praising its composition while suggesting improvements to the color scheme. 
misery literature

a genre of literature that deals with depressing and tragic events or situations, often exploring themes of suffering, pain, and despair

أدب البؤس, الأدب المأساوي

أدب البؤس, الأدب المأساوي

festschrift
festschrift
[اسم]

a book or other publication containing articles, essays, or studies contributed by a number of authors to honor a distinguished scholar or public figure

كتاب تذكاري, منشور تكريمي

كتاب تذكاري, منشور تكريمي

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