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Vocabulario Esencial para el GRE - Paranoid Android

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre computadora e internet, como "trojan horse", "corrupt", "router", etc. que se necesitan para el examen GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
analog
[Adjetivo]

relating to or using signals in which information is represented through constant changing of physical quantities

analógico

analógico

Ex: The radio station broadcasts using analog signals, reaching listeners across the region with its music and news programming.La estación de radio transmite utilizando señales **analógicas**, llegando a oyentes en toda la región con su programación de música y noticias.
trojan horse
[Sustantivo]

a harmful program that pretends to be legitimate and can give unauthorized access to a device

troyano

troyano

Ex: Many trojan horse infections occur through fake downloads or links .Muchas infecciones de **caballo de Troya** ocurren a través de descargas o enlaces falsos.
source code
[Sustantivo]

a text containing instructions in a specific order that supports a programming language which human can read and it specifies the behaviors of a computer system

código fuente

código fuente

Ex: Understanding the source code is essential for modifying the software .Entender el **código fuente** es esencial para modificar el software.

to verify a device, user, or process before an access to the computer's resources is allowed

autenticar

autenticar

Ex: To prevent unauthorized access , the system will authenticate every login attempt .Para prevenir el acceso no autorizado, el sistema **autenticará** cada intento de inicio de sesión.
to boot
[Verbo]

to start a computer, typically involves setting up hardware elements to prepare the computer for use

arrancar

arrancar

Ex: The technician booted the computer , troubleshooting the network connectivity issue .El técnico **arrancó** la computadora, solucionando el problema de conectividad de la red.
beta version
[Sustantivo]

a test version of software released to users to find and fix bugs before the final release

versión beta

versión beta

Ex: The beta version included features that were not in the previous release .La **versión beta** incluía características que no estaban en el lanzamiento anterior.
bootstrap
[Sustantivo]

a program that automatically loads and initializes the operating system on a computer

bootstrap

bootstrap

Ex: In computing , "bootstrap" can refer to the process of loading and initializing a computer 's operating system .En informática, **bootstrap** puede referirse al proceso de carga e inicialización del sistema operativo de una computadora.
cache
[Sustantivo]

(computing) a type of computer memory in which information that is often in use can be stored temporarily, a cache can be accessed quickly and is needed while a program is running

caché

caché

Ex: The software uses a cache to temporarily store files for quicker access .El software utiliza un **caché** para almacenar temporalmente archivos para un acceso más rápido.
clipboard
[Sustantivo]

(computing) a temporary storage area for data that has been copied or cut

portapapeles

portapapeles

Ex: The clipboard can hold multiple items in some advanced applications .El **portapapeles** puede contener múltiples elementos en algunas aplicaciones avanzadas.
compatibility
[Sustantivo]

the ability of a computer, software, or equipment to work with another device or software

compatibilidad

compatibilidad

Ex: They prioritized compatibility to ensure all devices could work together seamlessly .Priorizaron la **compatibilidad** para garantizar que todos los dispositivos pudieran trabajar juntos sin problemas.
configuration
[Sustantivo]

the set-up, hardware, and software of a computer that makes a complete system

configuración

configuración

Ex: He saved the system configuration to ensure a quick recovery if needed .Guardó la **configuración** del sistema para asegurar una recuperación rápida si era necesario.
to corrupt
[Verbo]

to cause errors or damage to a digital file, program, or system, either intentionally or unintentionally, due to a malfunction or interference

corromperse

corromperse

Ex: Software bugs can corrupt the program 's database .Los errores de software pueden **corromper** la base de datos del programa.
cyberspace
[Sustantivo]

the non-physical space in which communication over computer networks takes place

ciberespacio

ciberespacio

Ex: The government has implemented regulations to ensure the safety and security of citizens in cyberspace.El gobierno ha implementado regulaciones para garantizar la seguridad y protección de los ciudadanos en el **ciberespacio**.
diagnostic
[Sustantivo]

a tool that analyzes and identifies issues, errors, or problems within the software or system

prueba diagnóstica

prueba diagnóstica

Ex: The technician ran a diagnostic to find the cause of the computer ’s slow performance .El técnico ejecutó un **diagnóstico** para encontrar la causa del rendimiento lento de la computadora.

to convert machine code back into human-readable assembly language or source code for analysis or modification

hacer código legible

hacer código legible

Ex: Researchers disassembled the neural network model to analyze its architecture .Los investigadores **desensamblaron** el modelo de red neuronal para analizar su arquitectura.
dongle
[Sustantivo]

a small hardware device that connects to a computer, smartphone, or other electronic device to provide additional functionality

dongle, llave

dongle, llave

Ex: Some software licensing systems utilize dongles to authorize and authenticate the use of the software on a particular device .Algunos sistemas de licencias de software utilizan **dongles** para autorizar y autenticar el uso del software en un dispositivo particular.
router
[Sustantivo]

an electronic device that connects computer networks and sends data between networks

router

router

Ex: The office 's router was upgraded to handle higher traffic .El **enrutador** de la oficina fue actualizado para manejar mayor tráfico.
read-only memory
[Sustantivo]

a type of non-volatile memory in a computer or electronic device where data is permanently stored

ROM, memoria ROM

ROM, memoria ROM

Ex: Smartphones and tablets use ROM to store the device's firmware, including the operating system and essential system files.Los smartphones y las tabletas usan la **memoria de solo lectura** para almacenar el firmware del dispositivo, incluyendo el sistema operativo y los archivos de sistema esenciales.
proxy server
[Sustantivo]

a server that acts as an intermediary between a user's device and the internet, forwarding requests and responses to enhance security, privacy, or performance

servidor proxy

servidor proxy

Ex: In a corporate environment , a proxy server can filter and block certain content to ensure a secure and compliant network .En un entorno corporativo, un **servidor proxy** puede filtrar y bloquear cierto contenido para garantizar una red segura y conforme.
piracy
[Sustantivo]

unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or use of copyrighted materials, such as software, music, movies, or books

piratería

piratería

Ex: Piracy of digital content poses a significant challenge to the entertainment industry's efforts to protect intellectual property rights.La **piratería** de contenido digital representa un desafío significativo para los esfuerzos de la industria del entretenimiento por proteger los derechos de propiedad intelectual.
patch
[Sustantivo]

a small piece of code or update applied to existing software to fix issues, enhance functionality, or address vulnerabilities

parche

parche

Ex: The patch corrected the error that caused the program to freeze .El **parche** corrigió el error que hacía que el programa se congelara.
open-source
[Adjetivo]

(computing) describing a computer program whose source code is available to everyone

código abierto

código abierto

Ex: The advantages of open-source software include transparency and flexibility .Las ventajas del software **open-source** incluyen transparencia y flexibilidad.
overload
[Sustantivo]

a condition where an electrical system or device receives more current than it can safely handle

sobrecarga

sobrecarga

Ex: An overload can result in overheating and potential fire hazards .Una **sobrecarga** puede resultar en sobrecalentamiento y posibles riesgos de incendio.
malicious
[Adjetivo]

(of software or a code) intentionally designed to harm, damage, or disrupt computer systems, networks, or data

malicioso

malicioso

Ex: They were warned about a malicious email that could steal personal information .Se les advirtió sobre un correo electrónico **malicioso** que podría robar información personal.
intranet
[Sustantivo]

a private network within an organization for internal communication, collaboration, and resource sharing among members

intranet

intranet

Ex: The intranet enhances information flow , fostering a collaborative and connected work environment .**La intranet** mejora el flujo de información, fomentando un entorno de trabajo colaborativo y conectado.
interface
[Sustantivo]

(computing) the program through which a user can interact with a computer, especially its design and appearance

interfaz, interface

interfaz, interface

Ex: The company conducted usability testing to gather feedback on the interface design before launching the product .La empresa realizó pruebas de usabilidad para recopilar comentarios sobre el diseño de la **interfaz** antes de lanzar el producto.
to encrypt
[Verbo]

to convert data or information into a coded form, mainly to prevent unauthorized access

encriptar

encriptar

Ex: The government encrypts classified documents to prevent unauthorized disclosure .El gobierno **encripta** documentos clasificados para evitar su divulgación no autorizada.
codec
[Sustantivo]

a technology that compresses and decompresses audio or video data; facilitating efficient storage, transmission, and playback of multimedia content

código

código

Ex: Different devices may require different codecs to view the same video .Diferentes dispositivos pueden requerir diferentes **codecs** para ver el mismo video.
firmware
[Sustantivo]

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

firmware

firmware

Ex: Manufacturers often release firmware upgrades to enhance device features .Los fabricantes a menudo lanzan actualizaciones de **firmware** para mejorar las características del dispositivo.

to create a new set of data by using a mathematical or logical process to transform an existing set of data

generar

generar

Ex: By applying mathematical transformations , the mathematician generates a new set of data to test hypotheses .Al aplicar transformaciones matemáticas, el matemático **genera** un nuevo conjunto de datos para probar hipótesis.
clock speed
[Sustantivo]

the speed at which a computer can process information, expressed in (MHz)

frecuencia de reloj

frecuencia de reloj

Ex: Gamers often look for CPUs with high clock speeds for better gaming performance .Los jugadores a menudo buscan CPUs con altas **velocidades de reloj** para un mejor rendimiento en los juegos.
byte
[Sustantivo]

a unit for measuring the size of computer data that equals 8 bits

byte, octeto

byte, octeto

Ex: The music track is stored in MP3 format and is 4 megabytes in size , translating to around 32 million bytes.La pista musicale está almacenada en formato MP3 y tiene un tamaño de 4 megabytes, lo que se traduce en alrededor de 32 millones de **bytes**.
binary
[Sustantivo]

a numerical system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, as its base

programa binario

programa binario

Ex: Programmers often work with binary to understand how data is stored and processed .Los programadores a menudo trabajan con el **binario** para entender cómo se almacenan y procesan los datos.
read-only
[Adjetivo]

characterized by a mode in which data or a file is accessible for viewing but cannot be modified or altered

de sólo lectura

de sólo lectura

Ex: They shared the presentation in read-only format to ensure consistency.Compartieron la presentación en formato **solo lectura** para garantizar la coherencia.
to rip
[Verbo]

to extract audio or video content from a physical medium, such as a CD or DVD and convert it into a digital format for storage or playback

copiar

copiar

Ex: They ripped the audio commentary track from the DVD and synced it with the movie file .Ellos **extrajeron** la pista de comentario de audio del DVD y la sincronizaron con el archivo de la película.
stack
[Sustantivo]

a data structure that removes data in the reverse order of saving them and serves as a temporary storage

pila

pila

Ex: He implemented a stack to manage the browser 's back button .Implementó una **pila** para manejar el botón de retroceso del navegador.

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

LAN

LAN

Ex: Home networks, consisting of multiple devices connected to a router, are a common example of a local area network used for internet access and file sharing within a household.

to identify, analyze, and resolve problems or malfunctions in a system, device, or process to restore it to proper functioning

identificar y solucionar

identificar y solucionar

Ex: The technician will troubleshoot the problem with the server .El técnico **solucionará** el problema con el servidor.

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

RAM

RAM

Ex: Graphic designers benefit from ample RAM to work with large image files and render complex visual effects.Los diseñadores gráficos se benefician de una **memoria de acceso aleatorio** (RAM) amplia para trabajar con archivos de imagen grandes y renderizar efectos visuales complejos.

the visual interaction that users have with the computer through icons, menus, etc.

IGU

IGU

Ex: The graphical user interface allows users to interact with the system visually .La **interfaz gráfica de usuario** permite a los usuarios interactuar visualmente con el sistema.
Vocabulario Esencial para el GRE
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