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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - Empleo

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre empleo, como "labor", "apprentice", "position", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
occupation
occupation
[Sustantivo]

a person's profession or job, typically the means by which they earn a living

ocupación, profesión

ocupación, profesión

Ex: Many people find fulfillment in pursuing an occupation that aligns with their passions and interests. 

Muchas personas encuentran satisfacción al ejercer una ocupación que se alinea con sus pasiones e intereses.

vacancy
vacancy
[Sustantivo]

a position or job that is available

vacante, puesto vacante

vacante, puesto vacante

Ex: The HR department is actively recruiting to fill several vacancies in the sales team. 

El departamento de RR.HH. está reclutando activamente para cubrir varias vacantes en el equipo de ventas.

position
position
[Sustantivo]

a job, role, or function within an organization

puesto

puesto

Ex: He applied for a position in the marketing department. 

Solicitó un puesto en el departamento de marketing.

internship
internship
[Sustantivo]

a period of supervised work experience, often unpaid, undertaken by a student or recent graduate to gain practical skills or fulfill qualification requirements

pasantía

pasantía

Ex: The internship gave her hands-on experience in environmental fieldwork. 

La pasantía le dio experiencia práctica en el trabajo de campo ambiental.

apprentice
apprentice
[Sustantivo]

someone who works for a skilled person for a specific period of time to learn their skills, usually earning a low income

aprendiz

aprendiz

Ex: At the pottery studio, each artist has their own apprentice. 

En el estudio de cerámica, cada artista tiene su propio aprendiz.

job description
job description
[Sustantivo]

a list of tasks and responsibilities that a job includes

descripción del puesto

descripción del puesto

collaboration
collaboration
[Sustantivo]

the act or process of working with someone to produce or achieve something

colaboración

colaboración

workforce
workforce
[Sustantivo]

all the individuals who work in a particular company, industry, country, etc.

mano de obra

mano de obra

Ex: Training programs were implemented to improve the skills of the existing workforce. 

Se implementaron programas de capacitación para mejorar las habilidades de la fuerza laboral existente.

human resources
human resources
[Sustantivo]

the workforce of an organization, viewed in terms of their talents, experience, and potential contributions

recursos humanos

recursos humanos

Ex: The merger aimed to combine the human resources of both firms for greater efficiency. 

La fusión tenía como objetivo combinar los recursos humanos de ambas empresas para una mayor eficiencia.

personnel
personnel
[Sustantivo]

individuals employed in an organization, especially in military or structured environments, who are expected to follow directives

personal

personal

Ex: The facility requires trained personnel to operate its machinery safely. 

La instalación requiere personal capacitado para operar su maquinaria de manera segura.

colleague
colleague
[Sustantivo]

someone with whom one works

colega

colega

Ex: During the annual company retreat, I had the chance to bond with colleagues from different departments, which helped strengthen our professional network. 

Durante el retiro anual de la empresa, tuve la oportunidad de estrechar lazos con colegas de diferentes departamentos, lo que ayudó a fortalecer nuestra red profesional.

labor
labor
[Sustantivo]

work, particularly difficult physical work

labor

labor

Ex: He found the manual labor at the factory exhausting but rewarding. 

Encontró el trabajo manual en la fábrica agotador pero gratificante.

laborer
laborer
[Sustantivo]

someone whose job includes heavy physical work that does not require much skill

obrero, trabajador

obrero, trabajador

Ex: As a seasonal laborer, she harvested crops on the farm during the summer months. 

Como trabajador temporal, cosechó cultivos en la granja durante los meses de verano.

commission
commission
[Sustantivo]

a sum of money paid to someone based on the value or quantity of goods they sell

comisión

comisión

Ex: His salary is low, but he gets a high commission. 

Su salario es bajo, pero recibe una comisión alta.

contract
contract
[Sustantivo]

an official agreement between two or more sides that states what each of them has to do

contrato

contrato

Ex: She reviewed the terms of the employment contract before accepting the job offer. 

Ella revisó los términos del contrato de empleo antes de aceptar la oferta de trabajo.

pension
pension
[Sustantivo]

a regular payment made to a retired person by the government or a former employer

pensión

pensión

Ex: After working for the company for over thirty years, he was able to retire with a comfortable pension. 

Después de trabajar para la empresa durante más de treinta años, pudo jubilarse con una pensión cómoda.

salary
salary
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money we receive for doing our job, usually monthly

salario

salario

Ex: Her new job offers a higher salary. 

Su nuevo trabajo ofrece un salario más alto.

minimum wage
minimum wage
[Sustantivo]

the lowest level of salary, set by the law

salario mínimo, sueldo mínimo

salario mínimo, sueldo mínimo

Ex: He argued that the minimum wage should be adjusted for inflation. 

Él argumentó que el salario mínimo debería ajustarse por inflación.

low-paid
low-paid
[Adjetivo]

earning or giving only a small amount of money

mal pagado

mal pagado

Ex: Low-paid employees often work long hours. 

Los empleados mal pagados suelen trabajar largas horas.

to exploit
to exploit
[Verbo]

to take advantage of someone by making them work a lot and paying them less than is deserved

explotar, abusar de

explotar, abusar de

Ex: The factory owner sought to exploit desperate workers, forcing them into long hours with minimal pay. 

El dueño de la fábrica buscaba explotar a los trabajadores desesperados, obligándolos a trabajar largas horas con un salario mínimo.

pay gap
pay gap
[Sustantivo]

the difference between the payment received by two different groups of people

diferencia salarial

diferencia salarial

Ex: The company voluntarily disclosed its internal pay gap data. 
to strike
to strike
[Verbo]

to stop working as a sign of protest against some work issues, such as low wages, poor working conditions, etc.

hacer una huelga, declararse en huelga

hacer una huelga, declararse en huelga

Ex: They will strike if the company does not address their concerns. 

Harán huelga si la empresa no aborda sus preocupaciones.

underemployed
underemployed
[Adjetivo]

(of a person) not having much work to do in their job or being unable to use their full potential

subempleado

subempleado

Ex: He took on part-time work to make ends meet after being underemployed for several months. 

Aceptó un trabajo a tiempo parcial para llegar a fin de mes después de estar subempleado durante varios meses.

monotonous
monotonous
[Adjetivo]

boring because of being the same thing all the time

monótono

monótono

Ex: The monotonous landscape of the desert seemed to stretch on forever without any notable features. 

El paisaje monótono del desierto parecía extenderse para siempre sin ningún rasgo notable.

exhausting
exhausting
[Adjetivo]

causing one to feel very tired and out of energy

agotador

agotador

Ex: Studying for exams late into the night can be mentally exhausting. 
challenging
challenging
[Adjetivo]

difficult to accomplish, requiring skill or effort

retador, desafiante

retador, desafiante

Ex: Learning a new language can be challenging, especially mastering grammar and pronunciation. 

Aprender un nuevo idioma puede ser desafiante, especialmente dominar la grammaire y la pronunciación.

demanding
demanding
[Adjetivo]

(of a task) needing great effort, skill, etc.

difícil y desafiante

difícil y desafiante

Ex: Learning to play a musical instrument is demanding, requiring practice and dedication. 

Aprender a tocar un instrumento musical es exigente, requiere práctica y dedicación.

rewarding
rewarding
[Adjetivo]

(of an activity) making one feel satisfied by giving one a desirable outcome

gratificante

gratificante

Ex: Completing a challenging project can be rewarding, as it demonstrates one's capabilities and skills. 

Completar un proyecto desafiante puede ser gratificante, ya que demuestra las capacidades y habilidades de uno.

tedious
tedious
[Adjetivo]

boring and repetitive, often causing frustration or weariness due to a lack of variety or interest

tedioso, aburrido

tedioso, aburrido

Ex: The tedious commute to work in heavy traffic was a daily ordeal for many city dwellers. 

El viaje tedioso al trabajo en medio del tráfico pesado era un suplicio diario para muchos habitantes de la ciudad.

bonus
bonus
[Sustantivo]

the extra money that we get, besides our salary, as a reward

plus

plus

Ex: The CEO handed out bonuses to recognize excellent performance. 

El CEO repartió bonos para reconocer un excelente desempeño.

to multitask

to simultaneously do more than one thing

realizar diversas tareas al mismo tiempo

realizar diversas tareas al mismo tiempo

Ex: During the team meeting, he demonstrated his ability to multitask by responding to messages while actively participating in the discussion. 

Durante la reunión del equipo, demostró su capacidad para multitarea al responder mensajes mientras participaba activamente en la discusión.

recruitment
recruitment
[Sustantivo]

the process or action of finding new individuals to become a member of the armed forces, a company, or an organization

reclutamiento

reclutamiento

leave
leave
[Sustantivo]

a period of authorized absence from work, duty, or service

permiso, licencia

permiso, licencia

Ex: He used his remaining leave days before retirement. 

Usó sus días de licencia restantes antes de la jubilación.

placement
placement
[Sustantivo]

the action of finding someone a job, home, or school

colocación

colocación

to resign
to resign
[Verbo]

to officially announce one's departure from a job, position, etc.

renunciar

renunciar

Ex: They resigned from the board of directors due to conflicts of interest. 

Renunciaron a la junta directiva debido a conflictos de intereses.

workload
workload
[Sustantivo]

the amount of work that a person or organization has to do

volumen de trabajo

volumen de trabajo

Ex: After the new hire joined the team, everyone's workload became more manageable. 

Después de que el nuevo contratado se unió al equipo, la carga de trabajo de todos se volvió más manejable.

overtime
overtime
[Sustantivo]

the extra hours a person works at their job

horas extras

horas extras

Ex: She rarely does overtime because of her family. 

Ella rara vez hace horas extras por su familia.

well-paid
well-paid
[Adjetivo]

(of a job or occupation) providing a high salary or income in comparison to others in the same industry or field

bien pagado

bien pagado

Ex: In some industries, specialized skills or expertise can lead to well-paid consulting opportunities. 

En algunas industrias, las habilidades o conocimientos especializados pueden conducir a oportunidades de consultoría bien remuneradas.

supervisor
supervisor
[Sustantivo]

someone who observes or directs a person or an activity

supervisor

supervisor

Ex: The supervisor provided feedback and guidance to improve performance. 

El supervisor proporcionó retroalimentación y orientación para mejorar el rendimiento.

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