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托福必备词汇 - Employment

在这里,你将学习一些关于就业的英语单词,如“劳动”、“学徒”、“职位”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
occupation
[名词]

a person's profession or job, typically the means by which they earn a living

职业, 工作

职业, 工作

Ex: She decided to change her occupation and pursue a career in healthcare to help others improve their well-being .她决定改变**职业**,投身于医疗保健行业,帮助他人改善健康状况。
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vacancy
[名词]

a position or job that is available

空缺, 职位空缺

空缺, 职位空缺

Ex: The newspaper advertisement listed several vacancies in customer service roles .报纸广告列出了客户服务角色中的几个**空缺职位**。
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position
[名词]

one's job in an organization or company

职位

职位

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internship
[名词]

a period when a student or graduate works, often unpaid, in order to meet some requirements to qualify for something or to gain work-related experience

实习, 实习期

实习, 实习期

Ex: The internship program provided him with valuable skills and insights into the industry .**实习**计划为他提供了宝贵的技能和对行业的洞察。
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apprentice
[名词]

someone who works for a skilled person for a specific period of time to learn their skills, usually earning a low income

学徒, 实习生

学徒, 实习生

Ex: The bakery hired an apprentice to learn bread-making techniques .面包店雇佣了一名**学徒**来学习面包制作技术。
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a list of tasks and responsibilities that a job includes

zhiwei miaoshu

zhiwei miaoshu

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the act or process of working with someone to produce or achieve something

合作

合作

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workforce
[名词]

all the individuals who work in a particular company, industry, country, etc.

劳动力, 员工

劳动力, 员工

Ex: Economic growth is often influenced by the productivity and size of the workforce.经济增长往往受到生产力和**劳动力**规模的影响。
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the employees and their skills and abilities when considered as valuable assets

人力资源

人力资源

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personnel
[名词]

a group of people who work in an organization or serve in any branch of the military

人员, 员工

人员, 员工

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colleague
[名词]

someone with whom one works

同事, 工作伙伴

同事, 工作伙伴

Ex: I often seek advice from my colleague, who has years of experience in the industry and is always willing to help .我经常向我的**同事**寻求建议,他在这个行业有多年的经验,而且总是乐于助人。
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labor
[名词]

work, particularly difficult physical work

劳动, 工作

劳动, 工作

Ex: She hired additional labor to help with the extensive renovations on her house .她雇用了额外的**劳动力**来帮助她进行房屋的大规模翻新。
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laborer
[名词]

someone whose job includes heavy physical work that does not require much skill

劳工, 体力劳动者

劳工, 体力劳动者

Ex: The factory employs skilled craftsmen as well as laborers for assembly line tasks .工厂雇佣了熟练的工匠以及**工人**来完成装配线任务。
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commission
[名词]

a sum of money paid to someone based on the value or quantity of goods they sell

佣金,  百分比

佣金, 百分比

Ex: The company offers commission-based pay to its sales team.该公司向其销售团队提供基于**佣金**的报酬。
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contract
[名词]

an official agreement between two or more sides that states what each of them has to do

合同

合同

Ex: The contract with the client includes deadlines for completing the project milestones .与客户的**合同**包括完成项目里程碑的截止日期。
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pension
[名词]

a regular payment made to a retired person by the government or a former employer

养老金, 退休金

养老金, 退休金

Ex: Government employees often receive a pension as part of their retirement benefits .
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salary
[名词]

an amount of money we receive for doing our job, usually monthly

工资

工资

Ex: The company announced a salary raise for all employees .公司宣布为所有员工加**薪**。
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minimum wage
[名词]

the lowest level of salary, set by the law

最低工资, 最低薪资

最低工资, 最低薪资

Ex: Many people struggle to make ends meet on minimum wage alone .许多人仅靠**最低工资**难以维持生计。
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low-paid
[形容词]

paying or receiving little money

低薪的, 工资低的

低薪的, 工资低的

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to exploit
[动词]

to take advantage of someone by making them work a lot and paying them less than is deserved

剥削, 利用

剥削, 利用

Ex: Certain industries have been known to exploit migrant workers , subjecting them to harsh conditions and paying wages below the legal minimum .某些行业以**剥削**移民工人而闻名,使他们处于恶劣的条件下,并支付低于法定最低工资的工资。
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pay gap
[名词]

the difference between the payment received by two different groups of people

工资差距, 薪酬差异

工资差距, 薪酬差异

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to strike
[动词]

to stop working as a sign of protest against some work issues, such as low wages, poor working conditions, etc.

罢工, 举行罢工

罢工, 举行罢工

Ex: They will strike if the company does not address their concerns .
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underemployed
[形容词]

(of a person) not having much work to do in their job or being unable to use their full potential

未充分就业的, 大材小用的

未充分就业的, 大材小用的

Ex: The underemployed population often seeks opportunities for career advancement or additional training .**就业不足**的人口经常寻求职业发展或额外培训的机会。
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monotonous
[形容词]

boring because of being the same thing all the time

单调的, 重复的

单调的, 重复的

Ex: The repetitive tasks at the assembly line made the job monotonous and uninteresting .流水线上的重复性工作让这份工作变得**单调**且无趣。
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exhausting
[形容词]

causing one to feel very tired and out of energy

令人精疲力竭的, 使人疲惫的

令人精疲力竭的, 使人疲惫的

Ex: Studying all night for the exam was completely exhausting.为考试通宵学习完全**令人精疲力尽**。
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challenging
[形容词]

difficult to accomplish, requiring skill or effort

具有挑战性的, 困难的

具有挑战性的, 困难的

Ex: Completing the obstacle course was challenging, pushing participants to their physical limits.完成障碍课程很有**挑战性**,将参与者推向了他们的体力极限。
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demanding
[形容词]

(of a task) needing great effort, skill, etc.

要求高的, 艰巨的

要求高的, 艰巨的

Ex: His demanding schedule made it difficult to find time for rest.他**要求严格**的日程安排使得很难找到时间休息。
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rewarding
[形容词]

(of an activity) making one feel satisfied by giving one a desirable outcome

有回报的,  令人满意的

有回报的, 令人满意的

Ex: Helping others in need can be rewarding, as it fosters a sense of empathy and compassion .帮助有需要的人可以**有益**,因为它培养了同理心和同情心。
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tedious
[形容词]

boring and repetitive, often causing frustration or weariness due to a lack of variety or interest

乏味的, 单调的

乏味的, 单调的

Ex: Sorting through the clutter in the attic proved to be a tedious and time-consuming endeavor .整理阁楼里的杂物被证明是一项**乏味**且耗时的努力。
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bonus
[名词]

the extra money that we get, besides our salary, as a reward

奖金,  红利

奖金, 红利

Ex: With her end-of-year bonus, she bought a new car .她用年终**奖金**买了一辆新车。
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to multitask
[动词]

to simultaneously do more than one thing

多任务处理, 同时做多件事

多任务处理, 同时做多件事

Ex: The chef had to multitask in the kitchen , preparing multiple dishes at the same time to meet the demands of a busy restaurant .厨师不得不在厨房里**多任务处理**,同时准备多道菜肴以满足繁忙餐厅的需求。
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recruitment
[名词]

the process or action of finding new individuals to become a member of the armed forces, a company, or an organization

招聘, 招募

招聘, 招募

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leave
[名词]

a timespan during which one is allowed to be absent from their duty or job

假期, 许可

假期, 许可

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placement
[名词]

the action of finding someone a job, home, or school

安置

安置

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to resign
[动词]

to officially announce one's departure from a job, position, etc.

辞职, 离职

辞职, 离职

Ex: They resigned from the committee in protest of the decision .他们以抗议该决定为由**辞去**了委员会的职务。
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workload
[名词]

the amount of work that a person or organization has to do

工作量, 工作负担

工作量, 工作负担

Ex: Stress and burnout can result from consistently handling an excessive workload.持续处理过度的**工作量**可能导致压力和倦怠。
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overtime
[名词]

the extra hours a person works at their job

加班, 加班时间

加班, 加班时间

Ex: They agreed to finish the task even if it required overtime.他们同意完成任务,即使需要**加班**。
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well-paid
[形容词]

(of a job or occupation) providing a high salary or income in comparison to others in the same industry or field

高薪的, 收入高的

高薪的, 收入高的

Ex: He quit his well-paid corporate job to pursue his passion for art .他辞去了**高薪**的企业工作,去追求他对艺术的热情。
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supervisor
[名词]

someone who observes or directs a person or an activity

主管, 监督者

主管, 监督者

Ex: He was promoted to supervisor after demonstrating strong leadership skills.在展示了强大的领导技能后,他被提升为**主管**。
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托福必备词汇
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