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Vocabular Esențial pentru TOEFL - Employment

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre angajare, cum ar fi "muncă", "ucenic", "poziție" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
occupation
occupation
[substantiv]

a person's profession or job, typically the means by which they earn a living

ocupație, profesie

ocupație, profesie

Ex: Teaching is a rewarding occupation that allows educators to make a positive impact on young minds. 
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vacancy
vacancy
[substantiv]

a position or job that is available

post vacant, poziție disponibilă

post vacant, poziție disponibilă

Ex: The company announced a vacancy for a senior marketing manager. 
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position
position
[substantiv]

a job, role, or function within an organization

poziție, funcție

poziție, funcție

Ex: She accepted a managerial position at the firm. 
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internship
internship
[substantiv]

a period of supervised work experience, often unpaid, undertaken by a student or recent graduate to gain practical skills or fulfill qualification requirements

stagiu, perioadă de stagiu

stagiu, perioadă de stagiu

Ex: She completed a three-month internship at a local law firm to meet her graduation requirements. 
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apprentice
apprentice
[substantiv]

someone who works for a skilled person for a specific period of time to learn their skills, usually earning a low income

ucenic, stagiar

ucenic, stagiar

Ex: Apprentices often do tasks under close supervision. 
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job description
job description
[substantiv]

a list of tasks and responsibilities that a job includes

descrierea postului

descrierea postului

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collaboration
collaboration
[substantiv]

the act or process of working with someone to produce or achieve something

colaborare

colaborare

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workforce
workforce
[substantiv]

all the individuals who work in a particular company, industry, country, etc.

forță de muncă, personal

forță de muncă, personal

Ex: The company plans to expand its workforce by hiring an additional 200 employees this year. 
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human resources
human resources
[substantiv]

the workforce of an organization, viewed in terms of their talents, experience, and potential contributions

resurse umane, capital uman

resurse umane, capital uman

Ex: The company invested heavily in developing its human resources through training programs. 
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personnel
personnel
[substantiv]

individuals employed in an organization, especially in military or structured environments, who are expected to follow directives

personal, angajați

personal, angajați

Ex: The commander addressed all military personnel before the operation began. 
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colleague
colleague
[substantiv]

someone with whom one works

coleg, coleg de muncă

coleg, coleg de muncă

Ex: My colleague and I collaborated on a project that received high praise from our manager for its innovative approach. 
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labor
labor
[substantiv]

work, particularly difficult physical work

muncă, osteneală

muncă, osteneală

Ex: The construction workers performed hours of hard labor under the scorching sun. 
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laborer
laborer
[substantiv]

someone whose job includes heavy physical work that does not require much skill

muncitor, lucrător necalificat

muncitor, lucrător necalificat

Ex: The laborer worked tirelessly to unload heavy crates from the truck. 
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commission
commission
[substantiv]

a sum of money paid to someone based on the value or quantity of goods they sell

comision,  procent

comision, procent

Ex: The salesperson earns a 10% commission on every sale. 
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contract
contract
[substantiv]

an official agreement between two or more sides that states what each of them has to do

contract

contract

Ex: They signed a contract to buy the house, outlining the terms of the sale. 
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pension
pension
[substantiv]

a regular payment made to a retired person by the government or a former employer

pensie, retragere

pensie, retragere

Ex: My grandfather's pension allows him to travel during his retirement. 
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salary
salary
[substantiv]

an amount of money we receive for doing our job, usually monthly

salariu

salariu

Ex: Employees receive their salary at the end of the month. 
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minimum wage
minimum wage
[substantiv]

the lowest level of salary, set by the law

salariul minim, plata minimă

salariul minim, plata minimă

Ex: The government increased the minimum wage to help low-income workers. 
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low-paid
low-paid
[adjectiv]

earning or giving only a small amount of money

plătit prost, cu salariu mic

plătit prost, cu salariu mic

Ex: Many low-paid workers struggle to pay rent. 
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to exploit

to take advantage of someone by making them work a lot and paying them less than is deserved

exploata, abuză de

exploata, abuză de

Ex: Employers may exploit their workers by paying low wages and providing unsafe working conditions. 
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pay gap
pay gap
[substantiv]

the difference between the payment received by two different groups of people

diferență salarială, decălaj de plată

diferență salarială, decălaj de plată

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to strike
to strike
[verb]

to stop working as a sign of protest against some work issues, such as low wages, poor working conditions, etc.

a face grevă, a intra în grevă

a face grevă, a intra în grevă

Ex: The workers decided to strike for better pay and benefits. 
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underemployed
underemployed
[adjectiv]

(of a person) not having much work to do in their job or being unable to use their full potential

subangajat, nefolosit la potențial maxim

subangajat, nefolosit la potențial maxim

Ex: Despite her qualifications, she felt underemployed in her current job, which didn't utilize her full skill set. 
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monotonous
monotonous
[adjectiv]

boring because of being the same thing all the time

monoton, repetitiv

monoton, repetitiv

Ex: The endless hours of data entry made her workday feel monotonous and never-ending. 
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challenging
challenging
[adjectiv]

difficult to accomplish, requiring skill or effort

provocator, dificil

provocator, dificil

Ex: Solving the puzzle proved to be challenging, requiring creative thinking and problem-solving skills. 
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demanding
demanding
[adjectiv]

(of a task) needing great effort, skill, etc.

solicitant, ardu

solicitant, ardu

Ex: His job as a project manager is demanding, requiring him to juggle multiple tasks and deadlines. 
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rewarding
rewarding
[adjectiv]

(of an activity) making one feel satisfied by giving one a desirable outcome

răsplătitor,  satisfăcător

răsplătitor, satisfăcător

Ex: Teaching can be a rewarding profession, as educators witness the growth of their students. 
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tedious
tedious
[adjectiv]

boring and repetitive, often causing frustration or weariness due to a lack of variety or interest

plictisitor, obositor

plictisitor, obositor

Ex: The tedious task of filing paperwork made the afternoon drag on. 
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bonus
bonus
[substantiv]

the extra money that we get, besides our salary, as a reward

bonus,  primă

bonus, primă

Ex: Our bonus is calculated based on our performance ratings. 
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to multitask

to simultaneously do more than one thing

multitasking, a face mai multe lucruri simultan

multitasking, a face mai multe lucruri simultan

Ex: In her busy job, she has to multitask efficiently to handle emails, phone calls, and meetings throughout the day. 
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recruitment
recruitment
[substantiv]

the process or action of finding new individuals to become a member of the armed forces, a company, or an organization

recrutare, angajare

recrutare, angajare

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leave
leave
[substantiv]

a period of authorized absence from work, duty, or service

concediu, permisiune

concediu, permisiune

Ex: She is on maternity leave until next month. 
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placement
placement
[substantiv]

the action of finding someone a job, home, or school

plasare

plasare

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to resign
to resign
[verb]

to officially announce one's departure from a job, position, etc.

a demisiona, a renunța

a demisiona, a renunța

Ex: She decided to resign from her position as CEO. 
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workload
workload
[substantiv]

the amount of work that a person or organization has to do

sarcină de muncă, volum de muncă

sarcină de muncă, volum de muncă

Ex: She was overwhelmed by her heavy workload and had to work late every night. 
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overtime
overtime
[substantiv]

the extra hours a person works at their job

ore suplimentare, timp suplimentar

ore suplimentare, timp suplimentar

Ex: Due to the deadline, the team put in several hours of overtime. 
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well-paid
well-paid
[adjectiv]

(of a job or occupation) providing a high salary or income in comparison to others in the same industry or field

bine plătit, remunerator

bine plătit, remunerator

Ex: She chose a career in finance because she knew it was well-paid and offered excellent opportunities for advancement. 
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supervisor
supervisor
[substantiv]

someone who observes or directs a person or an activity

supraveghetor, coordonator

supraveghetor, coordonator

Ex: The supervisor oversees the daily operations of the department. 
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