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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Employment

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o zaměstnání, jako je "práce", "učeň", "pozice" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
occupation
occupation
[Podstatné jméno]

a person's profession or job, typically the means by which they earn a living

povolání, zaměstnání

povolání, zaměstnání

Ex: Teaching is a rewarding occupation that allows educators to make a positive impact on young minds. 
vacancy
vacancy
[Podstatné jméno]

a position or job that is available

volné místo, dostupná pozice

volné místo, dostupná pozice

Ex: The company announced a vacancy for a senior marketing manager. 
position
position
[Podstatné jméno]

a job, role, or function within an organization

pozice, funkce

pozice, funkce

Ex: She accepted a managerial position at the firm. 
internship
internship
[Podstatné jméno]

a period of supervised work experience, often unpaid, undertaken by a student or recent graduate to gain practical skills or fulfill qualification requirements

stáž, období stáže

stáž, období stáže

Ex: She completed a three-month internship at a local law firm to meet her graduation requirements. 
apprentice
apprentice
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who works for a skilled person for a specific period of time to learn their skills, usually earning a low income

učeň, stážista

učeň, stážista

Ex: Apprentices often do tasks under close supervision. 
job description
job description
[Podstatné jméno]

a list of tasks and responsibilities that a job includes

popis prace

popis prace

collaboration
collaboration
[Podstatné jméno]

the act or process of working with someone to produce or achieve something

spolupráce

spolupráce

workforce
workforce
[Podstatné jméno]

all the individuals who work in a particular company, industry, country, etc.

pracovní síla, zaměstnanci

pracovní síla, zaměstnanci

Ex: The company plans to expand its workforce by hiring an additional 200 employees this year. 
human resources
human resources
[Podstatné jméno]

the workforce of an organization, viewed in terms of their talents, experience, and potential contributions

lidské zdroje, lidský kapitál

lidské zdroje, lidský kapitál

Ex: The company invested heavily in developing its human resources through training programs. 
personnel
personnel
[Podstatné jméno]

individuals employed in an organization, especially in military or structured environments, who are expected to follow directives

personál, zaměstnanci

personál, zaměstnanci

Ex: The commander addressed all military personnel before the operation began. 
colleague
colleague
[Podstatné jméno]

someone with whom one works

kolega, spolupracovník

kolega, spolupracovník

Ex: My colleague and I collaborated on a project that received high praise from our manager for its innovative approach. 
labor
labor
[Podstatné jméno]

work, particularly difficult physical work

práce, dřina

práce, dřina

Ex: The construction workers performed hours of hard labor under the scorching sun. 
laborer
laborer
[Podstatné jméno]

someone whose job includes heavy physical work that does not require much skill

dělník, nádeník

dělník, nádeník

Ex: The laborer worked tirelessly to unload heavy crates from the truck. 
commission
commission
[Podstatné jméno]

a sum of money paid to someone based on the value or quantity of goods they sell

provize,  procento

provize, procento

Ex: The salesperson earns a 10% commission on every sale. 
contract
contract
[Podstatné jméno]

an official agreement between two or more sides that states what each of them has to do

smlouva

smlouva

Ex: They signed a contract to buy the house, outlining the terms of the sale. 
pension
pension
[Podstatné jméno]

a regular payment made to a retired person by the government or a former employer

důchod, penze

důchod, penze

Ex: My grandfather's pension allows him to travel during his retirement. 
salary
salary
[Podstatné jméno]

an amount of money we receive for doing our job, usually monthly

plat

plat

Ex: Employees receive their salary at the end of the month. 
minimum wage
minimum wage
[Podstatné jméno]

the lowest level of salary, set by the law

minimální mzda, nejnižší plat

minimální mzda, nejnižší plat

Ex: The government increased the minimum wage to help low-income workers. 
low-paid
low-paid
[Přídavné jméno]

earning or giving only a small amount of money

špatně placený, nízko placený

špatně placený, nízko placený

Ex: Many low-paid workers struggle to pay rent. 
to exploit
to exploit
[sloveso]

to take advantage of someone by making them work a lot and paying them less than is deserved

vykořisťovat, zneužívat

vykořisťovat, zneužívat

Ex: Employers may exploit their workers by paying low wages and providing unsafe working conditions. 
pay gap
pay gap
[Podstatné jméno]

the difference between the payment received by two different groups of people

platová mezera, rozdíl v platech

platová mezera, rozdíl v platech

to strike
to strike
[sloveso]

to stop working as a sign of protest against some work issues, such as low wages, poor working conditions, etc.

stávkovat, vstoupit do stávky

stávkovat, vstoupit do stávky

Ex: The workers decided to strike for better pay and benefits. 
underemployed
underemployed
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a person) not having much work to do in their job or being unable to use their full potential

nedostatečně zaměstnaný, nevyužitý

nedostatečně zaměstnaný, nevyužitý

Ex: Despite her qualifications, she felt underemployed in her current job, which didn't utilize her full skill set. 
monotonous
monotonous
[Přídavné jméno]

boring because of being the same thing all the time

monotónní, opakující se

monotónní, opakující se

Ex: The endless hours of data entry made her workday feel monotonous and never-ending. 
exhausting
exhausting
[Přídavné jméno]

causing one to feel very tired and out of energy

vyčerpávající, únavný

vyčerpávající, únavný

Ex: The exhausting hike up the mountain left them drained but exhilarated. 
challenging
challenging
[Přídavné jméno]

difficult to accomplish, requiring skill or effort

náročný, obtížný

náročný, obtížný

Ex: Solving the puzzle proved to be challenging, requiring creative thinking and problem-solving skills. 
demanding
demanding
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a task) needing great effort, skill, etc.

náročný, obtížný

náročný, obtížný

Ex: His job as a project manager is demanding, requiring him to juggle multiple tasks and deadlines. 
rewarding
rewarding
[Přídavné jméno]

(of an activity) making one feel satisfied by giving one a desirable outcome

odměňující,  uspokojivý

odměňující, uspokojivý

Ex: Teaching can be a rewarding profession, as educators witness the growth of their students. 
tedious
tedious
[Přídavné jméno]

boring and repetitive, often causing frustration or weariness due to a lack of variety or interest

nudný, únavný

nudný, únavný

Ex: The tedious task of filing paperwork made the afternoon drag on. 
bonus
bonus
[Podstatné jméno]

the extra money that we get, besides our salary, as a reward

bonus,  prémie

bonus, prémie

Ex: Our bonus is calculated based on our performance ratings. 
to multitask
to multitask
[sloveso]

to simultaneously do more than one thing

multitasking, dělat více věcí najednou

multitasking, dělat více věcí najednou

Ex: In her busy job, she has to multitask efficiently to handle emails, phone calls, and meetings throughout the day. 
recruitment
recruitment
[Podstatné jméno]

the process or action of finding new individuals to become a member of the armed forces, a company, or an organization

nábor, rekrutace

nábor, rekrutace

leave
leave
[Podstatné jméno]

a period of authorized absence from work, duty, or service

dovolená, volno

dovolená, volno

Ex: She is on maternity leave until next month. 
placement
placement
[Podstatné jméno]

the action of finding someone a job, home, or school

umístění

umístění

to resign
to resign
[sloveso]

to officially announce one's departure from a job, position, etc.

rezignovat, odstoupit

rezignovat, odstoupit

Ex: She decided to resign from her position as CEO. 
workload
workload
[Podstatné jméno]

the amount of work that a person or organization has to do

pracovní zátěž, objem práce

pracovní zátěž, objem práce

Ex: She was overwhelmed by her heavy workload and had to work late every night. 
overtime
overtime
[Podstatné jméno]

the extra hours a person works at their job

přesčasy, mimořádné hodiny

přesčasy, mimořádné hodiny

Ex: Due to the deadline, the team put in several hours of overtime. 
well-paid
well-paid
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a job or occupation) providing a high salary or income in comparison to others in the same industry or field

dobře placený, výnosný

dobře placený, výnosný

Ex: She chose a career in finance because she knew it was well-paid and offered excellent opportunities for advancement. 
supervisor
supervisor
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who observes or directs a person or an activity

dozorce, vedoucí

dozorce, vedoucí

Ex: The supervisor oversees the daily operations of the department. 
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