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Eating, Drinking, and Serving Food - Human Nutrition

Here you will learn some English words related to human nutrition such as "protein", "antioxidant", and "glycogen".

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Words Related to Eating, Drinking, and Serving
antioxidant

a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances

Ex: The walnuts were a good source of antioxidants, making them a heart-healthy snack option .
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phytochemical

a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties

Ex: Researchers study potential health benefits of various plant-derived phytochemicals.
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carbohydrate

a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.

Ex: Carbohydrates are essential for brain function and overall energy levels throughout the day .
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amino acid

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

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protein
protein
[noun]

a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy

Ex: This energy bar contains 20 grams of plant-based protein.
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fatty acid

a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

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lipid
lipid
[noun]

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

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nucleic acid

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information

Ex: Genetic research relies on decoding the intricate sequences of nucleic acids.
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fat
fat
[noun]

a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking

Ex: The fat was melted before being added to the stew .
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fiber
fiber
[noun]

a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system

Ex: Some people take fiber supplements to help meet their daily needs .
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mineral
mineral
[noun]

a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

Ex: The doctor recommended supplements to ensure she gets enough essential minerals.
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nutrition
nutrition
[noun]

the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body

Ex: Her passion for nutrition led her to pursue a career as a dietitian , helping others improve their health and well-being through proper nutrition.
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essential
essential
[Adjective]

very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

Ex: Safety equipment is essential for workers in hazardous environments .
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vitamin
vitamin
[noun]

natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

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water
water
[noun]

a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

Ex: The swimmer jumped into the pool and splashed water everywhere .
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monosaccharide

a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed

Ex: Monosaccharide, like glucose, is a basic sugar in carbohydrates.
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glucose
glucose
[noun]

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

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fructose
fructose
[noun]

a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks

Ex: Too much fructose in processed foods may have health effects .
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galactose
galactose
[noun]

a sugar found in milk and some plants that helps make lactose

Ex: Galactose is present in various plant-based foods, contributing to their sweetness.
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polysaccharide

a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen

Ex: Cellulose , a plant cell wall component , is another example of a polysaccharide.
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starch
starch
[noun]

a white carbohydrate food substance that exists in flour, potatoes, rice, etc.

Ex: You can use tapioca starch as a gluten-free alternative in baking recipes .
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triglyceride

a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule

Ex: High levels of triglycerides in the blood may be associated with certain health risks .
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glycerol
glycerol
[noun]

a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils

Ex: The pharmacist recommended a cough syrup with glycerol.
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disaccharide

a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose

Ex: The food label indicates the presence of disaccharides in the sweetener .
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sucrose
sucrose
[noun]

a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together

Ex: The company decided to use sucrose instead of artificial sweeteners in their products .
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lactose
lactose
[noun]

a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together

Ex: The baby formula is specially formulated to be low in lactose.
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maltose
maltose
[noun]

a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing

Ex: Maltose is formed when enzymes break down starch in the digestive system.
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glycogen
glycogen
[noun]

a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together

Ex: Understanding glycogen metabolism is crucial for athletes and those managing their energy levels .
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saturated fatty acid

a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature

Ex: The doctor recommended reducing the intake of saturated fatty acids and replacing them with healthier fats .
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unsaturated fatty acid

a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body

Ex: She read that incorporating foods rich in unsaturated fatty acids can help maintain healthy skin .
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omega-3
omega-3
[noun]

a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body

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omega-6
omega-6
[noun]

a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions

Ex: Sarah includes omega-6 fatty acids in her diet by consuming vegetable oils.
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trans fatty acid

a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine

Ex: Trans fatty acids have been linked to various health issues , such as an increased risk of heart disease and inflammation .
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polyunsaturated fatty acid

a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure

Ex: The nutritionist recommended incorporating sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as flaxseeds .
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insoluble
insoluble
[Adjective]

unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

Ex: Insoluble particles floated in the undissolved solution .
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soluble
soluble
[Adjective]

(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

Ex: Salt disassociates into ions when dissolved , making it completely soluble in aquatic solutions .
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cellulose
cellulose
[noun]

a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber

Ex: The eco-friendly packaging material is made from recycled cellulose fibers .
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oligosaccharide

a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together

Ex: The human digestive system breaks down oligosaccharides into simpler sugars for absorption .
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enzyme
enzyme
[noun]

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

Ex: The detergent contains enzymes that break down protein stains , such as blood and grass , on clothing .
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calcium
calcium
[noun]

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

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chlorine
chlorine
[noun]

a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners

Ex: Lifeguards routinely monitor chlorine levels to maintain pool safety .
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magnesium
magnesium
[noun]

a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts

Ex: Magnesium is known to aid in relaxation.
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phosphorus

a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

Ex: Jenny eats phosphorus-rich foods like nuts for bone health.
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potassium
potassium
[noun]

a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens

Ex: Tomatoes contain potassium, contributing to a healthy diet .
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sodium
sodium
[noun]

a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods

Ex: Some individuals may need to limit sodium intake due to health conditions .
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copper
copper
[noun]

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

Ex: In telecommunications , copper cables are still widely used for transmitting data over short distances .
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iodine
iodine
[noun]

a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater

Ex: Regular consumption of dairy provides the body with essential iodine.
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iron
iron
[noun]

a natural mineral found in the earth, food, and the body that helps make healthy blood

Ex: Pregnant women are often advised to take extra iron.
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manganese
manganese
[noun]

a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation

Ex: Manganese plays a significant role in supporting the feeling of overall well-being through its involvement in various physiological processes.
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molybdenum

a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels

Ex: Dietary supplements containing molybdenum support overall health by ensuring optimal enzyme activity .
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zinc
zinc
[noun]

a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding

Ex: Zinc-coated steel prevents rust, ensuring durability against outdoor weather.
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vitamin D
vitamin D
[noun]

a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support

Ex: A diet lacking in vitamin D may result in the trait of compromised immune system function.
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vitamin C
vitamin C
[noun]

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production

Ex: The scientist studied the characteristic antioxidant properties of vitamin C in protecting cells from damage.
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vitamin A
vitamin A
[noun]

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health

Ex: The scientist studied the role of vitamin A in promoting the trait of proper cell differentiation.
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vitamin B1

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function

Ex: Maintaining a diet rich in whole grains ensures sufficient vitamin B1 for energy production.
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vitamin B2

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality

Ex: Consuming lean meats contributes to a diet with adequate levels of vitamin B2, promoting overall well-being.
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vitamin B12

a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation

Ex: Vitamin B12 deficiency may manifest as tingling sensations and a trait of cognitive decline .
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vitamin E
vitamin E
[noun]

a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect human body cells from damage

Ex: Avocado is a tasty source of vitamin E.
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vitamin K
vitamin K
[noun]

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone metabolism

Ex: Fish, like salmon, has a small amount of vitamin K.
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albumin
albumin
[noun]

a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body

Ex: Albumin plays a role in maintaining blood pressure.
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ascorbic acid

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

Ex: Maintaining a balanced diet ensures an adequate intake of ascorbic acid for overall well-being .
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caffeine
caffeine
[noun]

a substance present in coffee or tea that makes one's brain more active

Ex: Decaf coffee has most of the caffeine removed .
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emulsifier

a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion

Ex: The salad dressing contained an emulsifier that kept the oil and vinegar blended together , preventing separation .
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folic acid

a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods

Ex: To support cell growth and development , folic acid supplements can be taken .
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gluten
gluten
[noun]

a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough

Ex: The gluten in wheat flour provides the necessary structure for pasta , giving it its characteristic firmness when cooked .
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niacin
niacin
[noun]

a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health

Ex: Whole grains , like brown rice , have niacin.
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sodium bicarbonate

a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset

Ex: Sodium bicarbonate can help relieve an upset stomach .
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tannin
tannin
[noun]

a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks

Ex: The brown color you see when brewing black tea is caused by tannin.
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vitamin B6

a nutrient that helps the brain, nerves, and immune system work properly

Ex: Vitamin B6 is essential for the production of neurotransmitters in the brain.
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biotin
biotin
[noun]

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails

Ex: Biotin helps support the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
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pantothenic acid

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol

Ex: Pantothenic acid is important for maintaining healthy skin and reducing signs of aging .
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