Eating, Drinking, and Serving Food - Human Nutrition

Here you will learn some English words related to human nutrition such as "protein", "antioxidant", and "glycogen".

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Eating, Drinking, and Serving Food

a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances

Ex: The blueberries were rich in antioxidants , which helped protect the body against free radicals .

a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties

Ex: Whole grains and legumes provide essential phytochemicals for well-being .

a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.

Ex: Fruits are a natural source of carbohydrates , vitamins , and fiber .

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

protein [noun]

a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy

Ex: Athletes often consume extra protein to support muscle recovery .

a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

lipid [noun]

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information

Ex: Studying nucleic acids helps understand the diversity of life .
fat [noun]

a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking

Ex: Vegetable fat is often used in baking as a butter substitute .
fiber [noun]

a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system

Ex: She added more vegetables to her diet to increase her fiber intake .
mineral [noun]

a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

Ex: Iron , a vital mineral , helps the body produce red blood cells .

the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body

Ex: Her passion for nutrition led her to pursue a career as a dietitian , helping others improve their health and well-being through proper nutrition .
essential [adjective]

very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

Ex: Regular exercise is essential for maintaining physical fitness and health .
vitamin [noun]

natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

water [noun]

a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

Ex: It 's important to stay hydrated by drinking enough water throughout the day .

a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed

Ex: Glucose , a common monosaccharide , fuels cellular respiration .
glucose [noun]

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

fructose [noun]

a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks

Ex:

a sugar found in milk and some plants that helps make lactose

Ex:

a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen

Ex: Digestive enzymes break down polysaccharides into simpler sugars during digestion .
starch [noun]

a white carbohydrate food substance that exists in flour, potatoes, rice, etc.

Ex: Rice is a good source of starch and pairs well with stir-fried vegetables .

a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule

Ex: The body can break down triglycerides into fatty acids for energy .
glycerol [noun]

a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils

Ex: The manufacturer added glycerol to enhance the texture of the product .

a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose

Ex: Researchers are studying the digestion process of disaccharides in the human body .
sucrose [noun]

a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together

Ex:
lactose [noun]

a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together

Ex:
maltose [noun]

a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing

Ex: The energy drink provides a quick source of energy with the help of maltose .
glycogen [noun]

a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together

Ex: The body breaks down glycogen into glucose when energy is required .

a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature

Ex: He avoided consuming saturated fatty acids in his diet to maintain a healthy lifestyle .

a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body

Ex: He enjoys eating avocado , which is rich in unsaturated fatty acids , as a healthy source of fat in his diet .
omega-3 [noun]

a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body

omega-6 [noun]

a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions

Ex:

a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine

Ex: Trans fatty acids have been linked to various health issues , such as an increased risk of heart disease and inflammation .

a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure

Ex: The cooking oil contains a blend of polyunsaturated fatty acids for a healthier option .
insoluble [adjective]

unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

Ex: The insoluble residue settled at the bottom of the container .
soluble [adjective]

(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

Ex: Salt disassociates into ions when dissolved , making it completely soluble in aquatic solutions .

a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber

Ex: The vegetarian burger contains cellulose as a plant-based binding agent .

a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together

Ex: The prebiotic supplement contains oligosaccharides to support gut health .
enzyme [noun]

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

Ex: Industrial processes often utilize enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions and improve efficiency .
calcium [noun]

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

chlorine [noun]

a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners

Ex: Bleach , a household cleaner , contains chlorine as the active sanitizing agent .

a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts

Ex: In the Earth 's crust , magnesium is the eighth most abundant element .

a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

Ex: Firefighters use phosphorus in flame retardants to prevent fires .

a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens

Ex: Spinach is a leafy green vegetable high in potassium .
sodium [noun]

a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods

Ex: Too much sodium intake is associated with increased risk of high blood pressure .
copper [noun]

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

Ex: Plumbing pipes made of copper are known for their durability and resistance to corrosion .
iodine [noun]

a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater

Ex: Public health initiatives often involve iodine supplementation programs .
iron [noun]

a natural mineral found in the earth, food, and the body that helps make healthy blood

Ex: He takes an iron supplement every day .

a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation

Ex: The state of insufficient manganese intake can lead to impaired bone development .

a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels

Ex: Tool steels with molybdenum resist deformation , improving cutting precision in manufacturing .
zinc [noun]

a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding

Ex: The role of zinc in various physiological processes makes it essential for overall well-being .

a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support

Ex:

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production

Ex:

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health

Ex:

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function

Ex:

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality

Ex:

a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation

Ex: Mood swings and difficulty concentrating may be indicators of vitamin B12 deficiency affecting overall health .

a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect human body cells from damage

Ex:

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone metabolism

Ex: Leafy greens , such as lettuce , contribute to vitamin K intake .
albumin [noun]

a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body

Ex: Liver problems can affect the production of albumin .

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

Ex: Bell peppers are a colorful source of ascorbic acid .
caffeine [noun]

a substance present in coffee or tea that makes one's brain more active

Ex: Green tea has less caffeine than espresso but still gives energy .

a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion

Ex: The hair styling cream included an emulsifier to combine the water and styling agents .

a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods

Ex: Foods rich in folic acid are part of a balanced diet .
gluten [noun]

a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough

Ex:
niacin [noun]

a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health

Ex: Avocados contain niacin and are tasty too .

a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset

Ex: I keep sodium bicarbonate in my fridge to absorb odors .
tannin [noun]

a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks

Ex: Tannin in coffee contributes to its distinct flavor .

a nutrient that helps the brain, nerves, and immune system work properly

Ex:
biotin [noun]

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails

Ex: A deficiency in biotin can lead to hair loss and brittle nails .

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol

Ex: A deficiency in pantothenic acid can lead to symptoms like fatigue and irritability .