a type of sport in which a person climbs rock surfaces that are very steep

攀岩, 岩石攀登
the sport or activity of climbing frozen waterfalls, ice-covered rock faces, or glaciers using specialized equipment like ice axes and crampons

冰攀, 攀冰
a style of climbing where climbers place their own protective gear as they climb instead of relying on pre-existing bolts

传统攀登, 传统攀
a style of rock climbing where climbers ascend without the use of ropes or protective gear

自由单人攀岩, 无保护单人攀爬
a form of rock climbing that relies on permanent anchors for protection rather than traditional gear placement

运动攀岩
a form of rock climbing where climbers ascend cliffs above water without the use of ropes, relying on the water below for protection in case of a fall

深水独攀, 深水单人攀岩
a sport where athletes compete to climb artificial or natural rock structures within a specified time or without falling

竞技攀岩, 比赛攀岩
a style of rock climbing performed on small rock formations or artificial rock walls without the use of ropes or harnesses

抱石, 攀岩
a style of climbing where the climber ascends a route while attaching the rope to protection points along the way, placing gear for safety

先锋攀登, 领攀
a competitive discipline where climbers ascend a standardized route as quickly as possible

速度攀岩
a style of rock climbing where climbers use gear to assist their ascent by pulling or standing on equipment rather than relying solely on natural holds

辅助攀登, 人工攀登
the practice of ascending a route using both ice tools and traditional rock climbing techniques

混合攀登, 混合攀岩
the act of climbing on artificial walls using ropes and harnesses for safety and training

室内攀岩, 室内攀登
a style of climbing that involves ascending a rock face in multiple stages, with each stage requiring a separate rope length

多段攀登
(climbing) the most challenging or difficult part of a route or climb

难点, 关键部分
to successfully complete a climbing route from start to finish without falling or resting on the rope, typically after multiple attempts

红点
(climbing) to successfully complete a route on the first attempt without any prior knowledge or information about the route's challenges

首次尝试即成功完成, 首攀成功
(climbing) to successfully complete a route on the first attempt, typically without prior knowledge or practice

闪攀, 一次成功
(climbing) to use the friction of one's shoe against the rock surface to gain traction and support

涂抹, 摩擦
a climbing technique that involves using opposing pressure between two surfaces to ascend without relying on handholds

对抗压力技术, 对抗压力
a climbing technique where climbers use the edges of their shoes to stand on small footholds

边缘技术, 使用边缘
a grip in climbing where the climber pulls outward with their hand turned thumb-down and palm facing inward

加斯顿, 加斯顿握法
a climbing technique where the climber uses their heel on a hold to pull their body upward or secure a position

脚跟钩, 脚跟勾技术
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