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Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL - Doubt and Certainty

Here you will learn some English words about doubt and certainty, such as "cinch", "scruple", "decisive", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL

to let something happen or exist

Ex: The contract admit of renegotiation if necessary .
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to cinch
[Verb]

to make certain of or to guarantee something

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to divine
[Verb]

to guess or deduce information through intuition or a sense of inner knowledge

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to estimate something by calculating and guessing

Ex: They have guesstimating the budget for the upcoming year .
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to hazard
[Verb]

to state an opinion, guess, suggestion, etc. even though there are chances of one being wrong

Ex: The scientist decided hazard a theory on the cause of the anomaly .
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to hesitate or be dubious about doing something that one thinks might be wrong or immoral

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to come to a conclusion without enough evidence

Ex: After receiving vague responses , surmised that there might be issues with the communication channels .
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to give good reasons to justify a particular action

Ex: The unusual warranted a visit to the doctor .
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axiomatic
[Adjective]

unquestionably true in a way that there is no need for proof

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ambiguous
[Adjective]

having more than one possible meaning or interpretation

Ex: The lawyer pointed out ambiguous clause in the contract , suggesting it could be interpreted in more than one way .
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apocryphal
[Adjective]

(of a statement or story) unlikely to be authentic, even though it is widely believed to be true

Ex: apocryphal nature of the urban legend became clear when researchers debunked it .
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bewildered
[Adjective]

experiencing confusion

Ex: As the magician performed his tricks , the audience watched bewildered amazement , struggling to figure out how he did it .
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categorical
[Adjective]

without a doubt

Ex: She gave categorical refusal to the proposal , leaving no room for negotiation .
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cliffhanging
[Adjective]

(of a situation, movie, etc.) having an unclear ending that makes it enticing

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decisive
[Adjective]

(of a person) able to make clear, firm decisions quickly, especially in challenging situations

Ex: decisive person knows when to act and is never swayed by indecision or doubt .
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dogmatic
[Adjective]

convinced that everything one believes in is true and others are wrong

Ex: After years of experience , he had become dogmatic and more open to others ' opinions .
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equivocal
[Adjective]

having two or more possible meanings

Ex: The contract 's terms were equivocal, causing confusion among the parties .
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halting
[Adjective]

acting or talking with hesitation due to uncertainty or lack of confidence

Ex: She spoke in a halting manner, pausing frequently as she searched for her thoughts.
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incontrovertible
[Adjective]

true in a way that leaves no room for denial or disagreement

Ex: The scientist incontrovertible data that confirmed the experiment 's results .
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reputed
[Adjective]

generally perceived to exist or be the case despite being uncertain

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robust
[Adjective]

remaining strong and effective even when facing challenges or difficulties

Ex: robust response from the community helped prevent the closure of the local library .
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wavering
[Adjective]

unable to decide between two opinions, possibilities, etc.

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buoyancy
[noun]

a feeling of hopefulness and confidence that makes one remain cheerful, especially in sad or unpleasant situations

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certitude
[noun]

the feeling of complete certainty

Ex: The leader acted certitude, reassuring the team about the project 's future .
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an idea that is based on guesswork and not facts

Ex: The author presented conjecture about historical events in her latest book .
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shyness due to a lack of confidence in oneself

Ex: Despite his talent , diffidence prevented him from auditioning for the lead role .
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a guess that is made according to one's experience or knowledge thus is more likely to be true

Ex: Using historical data , the analyst made educated guess on future sales .
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something that is assumed to be true or already decided upon before any evidence or arguments are presented

Ex: His dedicated training and hard work made it foregone conclusion that he would set a new world record in the sport .
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plight
[noun]

an unpleasant, sad, or difficult situation

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quandary
[noun]

a state of being perplexed or uncertain about how to proceed in a situation that is difficult

Ex: After losing his wallet , he was in quandary over how to get home without money or ID .
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vagueness
[noun]

the lack of clear expression, knowing, describing, or decision

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