Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Legal Matters

to establish the truth of something by providing evidence or testimony

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

a legal document added to a will that changes, explains, or adds to its original terms

the act of participating in a crime or wrongdoing along with another person or group

a formal agreement, particularly one between a certain country and the Roman Catholic Church

to clear someone's name of accusations and prove their innocence

the formal procedure of resolving disputes through the court system

a guiding principle, intended to provide moral guidance or a basis for behavior

to clear someone from blame or responsibility for a wrongdoing or crime, often through evidence

against the law, especially criminal law

freedom from punishment, harm, or consequences despite wrongdoing

an illegal or unjust act committed by a person of high standing

to officially order something using one's higher authority

a controversial legal case, issue, or event that attracts widespread public attention and debate

a legal principle or rule created by a previous court decision, used as a guide in deciding similar future cases

an agreement in a criminal case where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge in exchange for the dismissal of a more serious one

connected to Draco, the ancient Athenian lawmaker, or to his extremely harsh set of laws

to officially accuse a person of a crime

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

a written statement in a legal case, outlining the harmful statements made against someone and what they seek from the court

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

not grave and thus capable of being pardoned or overlooked

to clear someone from blame or suspicion and prove their innocence

the postponement or cancellation of punishment, especially in a legal context

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

the money that is demanded by the court to be paid to an ex-spouse or ex-partner

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

an official pardon or release from punishment for a specific offense

a person appointed to judge or decide a disputed issue

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

to formally request someone’s presence in court to answer for a serious crime

to assist or encourage someone to do something, particularly in committing a wrongdoing or crime