الأكاديمي IELTS (النطاق 5 وما دون) - Geology

a solid material forming part of the earth's surface, often made of one or more minerals

صخرة, حجر

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

معادن, معدن

the central part of Earth, or any other planet

النواة, القلب

the black or brownish substance consisted of organic remains, rock particles, and clay that forms the upper layer of earth where trees or other plants grow

تربة, أرض

(geology) a horizontal bed or distinct sedimentary rock formation

طبقة, لَايَة

a complete change in the form and structure of a rock as a result of heat and pressure

التغير العميق

the preserved remains or traces of ancient plants, animals, or other organisms found in rock

أحافير, فوسيل

a source of hot water that natrurally flows out of the ground

ينبوع ساخن, حمام معدني

a rock that contains valuable mineral or metal

خام, معدن

a grey powder that is produced as a result of a substance getting burned

رماد, بودرة الرماد

liquid or semi-liquid rock that exists under the earth's surface with an extremely hot temperature

ماغما

the solid surface of the planet distinguished from air or sea

أرض, تراب