Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5) - Geology

Here, you will learn some English words related to Geology that are necessary for the Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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rock [noun]

a solid material forming part of the earth's surface, often made of one or more minerals

Ex: The lighthouse was built on a rock just off the coast .

mineral [noun]

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

Ex: The geologist discovered a new mineral deposit in the mountain range .

core [noun]

the central part of Earth, or any other planet

Ex: The core of Mars is believed to be largely composed of iron , though it 's cooler than Earth 's .

soil [noun]

the black or brownish substance consisted of organic remains, rock particles, and clay that forms the upper layer of earth where trees or other plants grow

Ex: Heavy rains can cause the soil to erode , affecting crop yields .

layer [noun]

(geology) a horizontal bed or distinct sedimentary rock formation

Ex: Coal layers in this region date back to the Carboniferous period .

metamorphism [noun]

a complete change in the form and structure of a rock as a result of heat and pressure

Ex: Geologists study metamorphism to understand the processes that shape the Earth 's interior over millions of years .

fossil [noun]

the preserved remains or traces of ancient plants, animals, or other organisms found in rock

Ex: The museum displayed a fossil of a giant fern .

hot spring [noun]

a source of hot water that natrurally flows out of the ground

Ex:

ore [noun]

a rock that contains valuable mineral or metal

Ex: Chile is a major exporter of copper ore .

ash [noun]

a grey powder that is produced as a result of a substance getting burned

Ex: Cigarette ash fell onto the table as he tapped his cigarette .

magma [noun]

liquid or semi-liquid rock that exists under the earth's surface with an extremely hot temperature

Ex: The magma chamber beneath Yellowstone National Park is vast and superheated .

earth [noun]

the solid surface of the planet distinguished from air or sea

Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
Size and Scale	Dimensions	Weight and Steadiness	Increase in Amount
Decrease in Amount	High Intensity	Low Intensity	Space and Area
Shapes	Speed	Significance	Influence and Strength
Uniqueness	Complexity	Value	Quality
Challenges	Wealth and Success	Poverty and Failure	Appearance
Age	Body Shape	Wellness	Textures
Intelligence	Positive Human Traits	Negative Human Traits	Moral Traits
Emotional Responses	Emotional States	Social Behaviours	Tastes and Smells
Sounds	Temperature	Probability	Relational Actions
Body Language and Gestures	Postures and Positions	Opinions	Thoughts and Decisions
Knowledge and Information	Encouragement and Discouragement	Request and Suggestion	Regret and Sadness
Respect and Approval	Attempt and Prevention	Physical Actions and Reactions	Movements
Commanding and Giving Permissions	Engaging in Verbal Communication	Understanding and Learning	Perceiving The Senses
Resting and Relaxing	Touching and Holding	Eating and Drinking	Preparing Food
Changing and Forming	Organising and Collecting	Creating and Producing	Science
Education	Research	Astronomoy	Physics
Biology	Chemistry	Geology	Psychology
Mathematics	Graphs and Figures	Geometry	Environment
Energy and Power	Landscapes and Geography	Technology	Computer
Internet	Manufacture and Industry	History	Religion
Culture and Custom	Language and Grammar	Arts	Music
Film and Theatre	Literature	Architecture	Marketing
Finance	Management	Medicine	Sickness and Symptoms
Law	Crime	Punishment	Politics
War	Measurement	Positive Emotions	Negative Emotions
Animals	Weather	Food and Drinks	Travel and Tourism
Pollution	Migration	Disasters	Materials
Adverbs of Manner	Adverbs of Comment	Adverbs of Certainty	Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of Time	Adverbs of Place	Adverbs of Degree	Adverbs of Emphasis
Adverbs of Purpose and Intention	Conjunctive Adverbs