Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5) - Geology

a solid material forming part of the earth's surface, often made of one or more minerals

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

the central part of Earth, or any other planet

the black or brownish substance consisted of organic remains, rock particles, and clay that forms the upper layer of earth where trees or other plants grow

(geology) a horizontal bed or distinct sedimentary rock formation

a complete change in the form and structure of a rock as a result of heat and pressure

the preserved remains or traces of ancient plants, animals, or other organisms found in rock

a source of hot water that natrurally flows out of the ground

a rock that contains valuable mineral or metal

a grey powder that is produced as a result of a substance getting burned

liquid or semi-liquid rock that exists under the earth's surface with an extremely hot temperature

the solid surface of the planet distinguished from air or sea