Basic Nouns - Building Parts

Here you will learn some English nouns related to building parts such as "roof", "corridor", and "gate".

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Basic Nouns
roof [noun]

the structure that creates the outer top part of a vehicle, building, etc.

Ex: She noticed a small bird nesting on the roof of her garage .
wall [noun]

an upright structure, usually made of brick, concrete, or stone that is made to divide, protect, or surround a place

Ex: He stands on a ladder to reach the top of the wall for painting .
window [noun]

a space in a wall or vehicle that is made of glass and we use to look outside or get some fresh air

Ex: She opened the window to let in some fresh air .
door [noun]

the thing we move to enter, exit, or access a place such as a vehicle, building, room, etc.

Ex: He locked the door before leaving the house .
floor [noun]

the bottom of a room that we walk on

Ex: She accidentally dropped a plate , and it shattered into pieces on the floor .
bedroom [noun]

a room we use for sleeping

Ex: My siblings and I share a single bedroom in our house .

the part of a house where people spend time together talking, watching television, relaxing, etc.

Ex: The living room had a comfortable sofa where she took afternoon naps .
kitchen [noun]

the place in a building or home where we make food

Ex: She stored canned goods and snacks in the kitchen pantry .
bathroom [noun]

a room that has a toilet and a sink, and often times a bathtub or a shower as well

Ex: He cleans the bathroom regularly to keep it hygienic and tidy .

a room that we use to eat meals in

Ex: They enjoyed breakfast in the dining room , starting the day with a tasty meal .

a dedicated space for washing, drying, folding, and ironing clothes and linens, typically equipped with a washer, dryer, ironing board, and storage cabinets

Ex: Modern laundry rooms often include a sink for hand-washing delicate items .
ceiling [noun]

the highest part of a room, vehicle, etc. that covers it from the inside

Ex: He noticed a water stain on the ceiling and called a professional to fix the leak .
chimney [noun]

a channel or passage that lets the smoke from a fire pass through and get out from the roof of a building

Ex: Santa Claus is often imagined coming down the chimney .
stairs [noun]

a series of steps or risers designed for ascending or descending between different levels or floors in a building or structure

balcony [noun]

a platform above the ground level and on the outside wall of a building that we can get into from the upper floor

Ex: He decorated the balcony with potted plants and string lights to create a cozy outdoor space .
porch [noun]

a structure with a roof and no walls at the entrance of a house

Ex: During summer storms , we gather on the screened porch to listen to the rain .
terrace [noun]

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

Ex: The café ’s terrace was crowded on a warm afternoon .
hall [noun]

a passage that is inside a house or building with rooms on both side

Ex: The children were playing in the hall , running from one room to another .
corridor [noun]

a long narrow way in a building that has doors on either side opening into different rooms

Ex: The hotel corridor was lined with numbered doors , each leading to a guest room or suite .
attic [noun]

an area or room directly under the roof of a house, typically used for storage or as an additional living area

Ex: They discovered old family heirlooms stored in boxes in the attic while cleaning out the house .
basement [noun]

an area or room in a house or building that is partially or completely below the ground level

Ex: He keeps his workout equipment in the basement to have a private gym space .
garage [noun]

a building, usually next or attached to a house, in which cars or other vehicles are kept

Ex: He decided to convert the garage into a small workshop for his woodworking hobby .
gutter [noun]

an open pipe that is attached beneath the edge of a building roof and carries rainwater away

Ex: The downspout carried water from the gutter down to the ground .
column [noun]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

Ex: The interior of the cathedral was adorned with ornate columns carved from marble .
handrail [noun]

a supportive rail fixed to a staircase or walkway, providing a handhold for stability and safety while ascending or descending

skylight [noun]

a window installed on a roof or ceiling that allows natural light to enter a room from above

Ex: Rain drummed against the skylight during the storm .
cellar [noun]

an underground storage space or room, typically found in a building, used for storing food, wine, or other items that require a cool and dark environment

Ex: She found a hidden door in the kitchen that led down to the cellar .
utility [noun]

a service that is provided to the public, such as electricity, water, or gas, which is used in daily life

Ex: The government is responsible for ensuring the provision of essential utilities to all citizens .
lobby [noun]

the area just inside the entrance of a public building such as a hotel, etc.

Ex: She sat in the lobby , sipping her coffee and watching people come and go .

a vertical or inclined passage in a building that allows for the convenient disposal of waste materials by dropping them into a designated collection area or dumpster

Ex: The janitor is responsible for emptying the bins at the bottom of the trash chute each day .
elevator [noun]

a box-like device that moves up and down and is used to get to the different levels of a building

Ex: I pressed the button and waited for the elevator to arrive .
story [noun]

a level or floor of a building, separated by a horizontal division, used to describe the building's height or structure

Ex: The fire spread quickly to the upper stories of the old warehouse .
arch [noun]

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

Ex: The ancient Roman aqueducts featured stone arches that allowed water to flow smoothly across long distances .

a network of pipes, fixtures, valves, and other components that work together to supply and distribute water, as well as remove waste and sewage, within a building or structure

Ex: Installing an energy-efficient plumbing system can help save water and reduce bills .
fence [noun]

a structure like a wall, made of wire, wood, etc. that is placed around an area or a piece of land

Ex: The garden is surrounded by a wooden fence .
gate [noun]

the part of a fence or wall outside a building that we can open and close to enter or leave a place

Ex: The wooden gate led to a beautiful garden .
entrance [noun]

an opening like a door, gate, or passage that we can use to enter a building, room, etc.

Ex: The entrance to the park is through the main gate .
doorway [noun]

the area around the door at the entrance to a house, room, etc.

Ex: He paused at the doorway to take one last look at the room before leaving .

a special way used to exit a building, car, etc. when a problem happens

Ex: The airplane has four emergency exits .
walkway [noun]

a path for walking, typically built outdoors and above the ground level

Ex: The covered walkway provided shelter from the rain as shoppers moved between stores in the outdoor mall .
yard [noun]

the land joined to our house where we can grow grass, flowers, and other plants

Ex: Our dog loves running around in the yard .
facade [noun]

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

Ex: The theater 's facade featured a marquee sign and grand entrance , inviting patrons to experience the magic of live performances within .
dome [noun]

a building's roof that is rounded

Ex: The mosque 's central prayer hall was crowned by a magnificent dome adorned with intricate geometric patterns .
doorstep [noun]

a small step in front of the main door of a building or house

Ex: He wiped his feet on the doormat before stepping onto the doorstep of their newly renovated house .

a space or place in a wall for building a fire in

Ex: The ornate fireplace in the mansion 's drawing room featured intricate carvings and a marble mantlepiece .

an electrical device that controls the flow of electricity to a light fixture, allowing users to turn the light on or off

a room in a ship or building, which is equipped with a heating device

a system that provides a building with warm water and temperature

Ex: The central heating kept every room of the house evenly warm .
deck [noun]

a platform or floor that has a design that looks like a ship's deck

Ex: The backyard deck was the perfect place for summer barbecues and gatherings .
patio [noun]

an outdoor area with paved floor belonging to a house used for sitting, relaxing or eating in

Ex: She decorated the patio with potted plants and string lights to create a cozy atmosphere .