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Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - Medical Examinations and Procedures

Here you will learn some English words about medical examinations and procedure, such as "incision", "scan", "MRI", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
examination

the process of looking closely at something to identify any issues

Ex: The scientist conducted an examination of the samples to detect any contaminants .
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procedure
procedure
[noun]

an operation performed by medical professionals to diagnose, treat, etc. a medical condition or injury

Ex: The hospital's operating room is equipped with advanced technology to facilitate complex surgical procedures.
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to operate

to cut open a part of the body in order to repair or remove a damaged organ

Ex: The medical team prepared to operate on the patient to transplant a kidney.
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incision
incision
[noun]

a surgical cut made in flesh or skin

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medical
medical
[Adjective]

related to medicine, treating illnesses, and health

Ex: The pharmaceutical company conducts research to develop new medical treatments for diseases .
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sample
sample
[noun]

a small amount of a substance taken from a larger amount used for scientific analysis or therapeutic experiment

Ex: The biopsy sample was examined to diagnose the disease .
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medical
medical
[noun]

a careful and complete physical assessment of a person's health

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to scan
to scan
[Verb]

(of a medical device) to take a picture of a body part often using X-rays for detailed examinations by a specialist

Ex: The doctor scanned the patient 's chest to check for any abnormalities in the lungs .
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CT scan
CT scan
[noun]

a medical examination during which a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body is created by the use of a computer linked to an X-ray machine

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X-ray
X-ray
[noun]

an image of the inside of a body created using X-rays

Ex: The radiologist reviewed the X-ray images to diagnose the cause of the patient ’s chronic pain .
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magnetic resonance imaging

a technique in which a powerful magnetic field is used to produce detailed images of areas inside the body

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ultrasound

the application of ultrasonic waves for medical purposes, such as producing an image of a growing fetus

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surgery
surgery
[noun]

a medical practice that involves cutting open a body part in order to repair, remove, etc. an organ

Ex: They scheduled the surgery for next week , following all necessary pre-operative tests .
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surgical
surgical
[Adjective]

related to or involving medical procedures that involve making incisions in the body to treat injuries, diseases, or deformities

Ex: The surgical team meticulously sterilized their instruments before beginning the procedure .
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abortion
abortion
[noun]

the unintentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus before it can survive independently, occurring naturally

Ex: Recovery after a spontaneous abortion can take both weeks and emotional support.
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caesarean section

a medical procedure to deliver a baby by cutting the belly of the mother

Ex: Nurses monitored the mother closely following the caesarean section.
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to implant

to insert a living tissue or an artificial object into the body via medical procedure

Ex: To treat severe arthritis , the orthopedic surgeon suggested implanting an artificial joint in the patient 's knee .
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to transplant

to surgically remove an organ from someone's body and put it in someone else's body

Ex: The medical team decided to transplant a small intestine , addressing severe digestive issues .
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nose job
nose job
[noun]

a surgical procedure performed on someone's nose that changes its appearance to make it look more attractive

Ex: Recovery from a nose job typically involves swelling and discomfort for the first few weeks .
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plastic surgery

a medical operation performed on a part of the body in order to improve its appearance or repair skin injury

Ex: The demand for plastic surgery has increased in recent years .
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to stitch
to stitch
[Verb]

to join the edges of a wound together by a thread and needle

Ex: He stitched the puncture wound on his hand after cleaning it thoroughly .
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to screen
to screen
[Verb]

to examine and test a person in order to check if they are sick or not

Ex: The pharmacist screened customers for symptoms of COVID-19 before allowing them to enter the pharmacy .
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to diagnose

to find out the cause of a problem or disease that a person has by examining the symptoms

Ex: Experts often diagnose conditions based on observable symptoms .
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diagnosis
diagnosis
[noun]

the identification of the nature and cause of an illness or other problem

Ex: Accurate diagnosis requires a thorough examination and multiple tests .
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operable
operable
[Adjective]

(of a medical condition) treatable with surgery

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to bandage

to cover a wound or part of the body with a piece of cloth for protection

Ex: The athlete quickly bandaged his hand to continue participating in the game .
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to plaster

to encase a part of the body in plaster

Ex: The injured dancer 's foot was plastered to allow the bones to mend properly .
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hospitalization

the act of admitting a patient into a hospital for clinical care, observation, or treatment

Ex: Rapid triage at the emergency department determined who needed hospitalization and who could go home .
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specialist

a doctor who is highly trained in a particular area of medicine

Ex: The specialist’s office is located in the city ’s medical district .
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surgeon
surgeon
[noun]

a doctor who performs medical operation

Ex: The surgeon explained the risks and benefits of the operation to the patient before proceeding .
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therapist
therapist
[noun]

a professional trained in providing a specific form of therapy, physical, mental, or otherwise

Ex: He is a certified respiratory therapist.
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paramedic
paramedic
[noun]

a trained individual who provides emergency medical care to people before taking them to the hospital

Ex: The ambulance crew includes paramedics who are trained to handle a wide range of medical emergencies .
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psychiatrist

a medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of mental illnesses or behavioral disorders

Ex: The psychiatrist's office offers counseling services for individuals experiencing psychological distress .
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checkup
checkup
[noun]

a complete medical examination of the body to see if there are any health issues

Ex: During the checkup, the physician conducted various tests to evaluate her health .
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