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Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - Medical Examinations and Procedures

Here you will learn some English words about medical examinations and procedure, such as "incision", "scan", "MRI", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
examination

the process of looking closely at something to identify any issues

Ex: The mechanic's examination of the engine revealed several problems. 
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procedure
procedure
[noun]

an operation performed by medical professionals to diagnose, treat, etc. a medical condition or injury

Ex: The surgeon explained the details of the procedure scheduled for tomorrow to remove the appendix. 
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to operate

to cut open a part of the body in order to repair or remove a damaged organ

Ex: The surgeon needed to operate immediately to remove the patient's appendix. 
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incision
incision
[noun]

a surgical cut made in flesh or skin

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medical
medical
[Adjective]

related to medicine, treating illnesses, and health

Ex: She pursued a career in the medical field to help others improve their health. 
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sample
sample
[noun]

a small amount of a substance taken from a larger amount used for scientific analysis or therapeutic experiment

Ex: The lab technician collected a blood sample for analysis. 
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medical
medical
[noun]

a careful and complete physical assessment of a person's health

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to scan
to scan
[Verb]

(of a medical device) to take a picture of a body part often using X-rays for detailed examinations by a specialist

Ex: The technician scanned the woman's abdomen to monitor the growth of the fetus. 
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CT scan
CT scan
[noun]

a medical examination during which a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body is created by the use of a computer linked to an X-ray machine

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X-ray
X-ray
[noun]

an image of the inside of a body created using X-rays

Ex: The doctor ordered an X-ray to check for any fractures after the patient injured their arm. 
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magnetic resonance imaging

a technique in which a powerful magnetic field is used to produce detailed images of areas inside the body

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ultrasound

the application of ultrasonic waves for medical purposes, such as producing an image of a growing fetus

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surgery
surgery
[noun]

a medical practice that involves cutting open a body part in order to repair, remove, etc. an organ

Ex: After the surgery, the patient received instructions on how to care for the surgical wound. 
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surgical
surgical
[Adjective]

related to or involving medical procedures that involve making incisions in the body to treat injuries, diseases, or deformities

Ex: Surgical procedures are performed in sterile environments. 
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abortion
abortion
[noun]

the unintentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus before it can survive independently, occurring naturally

Ex: The ultrasound confirmed a spontaneous abortion at ten weeks. 
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caesarean section

a medical procedure to deliver a baby by cutting the belly of the mother

Ex: The doctor performed a caesarean section because of complications. 
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to implant

to insert a living tissue or an artificial object into the body via medical procedure

Ex: The surgeon successfully implanted a pacemaker to regulate the patient's heartbeat. 
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to transplant

to surgically remove an organ from someone's body and put it in someone else's body

Ex: In a groundbreaking surgery, the doctors were able to transplant a donor heart into the recipient. 
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nose job
nose job
[noun]

a surgical procedure performed on someone's nose that changes its appearance to make it look more attractive

Ex: She decided to undergo a nose job to correct a deviated septum that was causing breathing problems. 
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plastic surgery

a medical operation performed on a part of the body in order to improve its appearance or repair skin injury

Ex: She underwent plastic surgery to correct a birth defect. 
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to stitch
to stitch
[Verb]

to join the edges of a wound together by a thread and needle

Ex: The doctor stitched the deep cut on the patient's arm to close the wound. 
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to screen
to screen
[Verb]

to examine and test a person in order to check if they are sick or not

Ex: The doctor screened the patient for any signs of infection. 
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to diagnose

to find out the cause of a problem or disease that a person has by examining the symptoms

Ex: Doctors use various tests to diagnose medical conditions accurately. 
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diagnosis
diagnosis
[noun]

the identification of the nature and cause of an illness or other problem

Ex: The doctor provided a clear diagnosis after reviewing the test results. 
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operable
operable
[Adjective]

(of a medical condition) treatable with surgery

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to bandage

to cover a wound or part of the body with a piece of cloth for protection

Ex: After cleaning the cut, she carefully bandaged the wound to prevent infection. 
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to plaster

to encase a part of the body in plaster

Ex: After breaking his arm, the doctor plastered it to ensure proper healing. 
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hospitalization

the act of admitting a patient into a hospital for clinical care, observation, or treatment

Ex: After the diagnosis, the doctor recommended hospitalization so she could begin intravenous antibiotics. 
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specialist

a doctor who is highly trained in a particular area of medicine

Ex: She consulted a dermatologist, a specialist in skin conditions, for her persistent rash. 
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surgeon
surgeon
[noun]

a doctor who performs medical operation

Ex: The surgeon successfully completed the operation to remove the tumor from the patient’s abdomen. 
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therapist
therapist
[noun]

a professional trained in providing a specific form of therapy, physical, mental, or otherwise

Ex: The athlete visited a therapist for sports rehabilitation. 
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paramedic
paramedic
[noun]

a trained individual who provides emergency medical care to people before taking them to the hospital

Ex: The paramedic arrived at the accident scene and immediately began assessing the injured. 
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psychiatrist

a medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of mental illnesses or behavioral disorders

Ex: The psychiatrist specializes in diagnosing and treating mental health disorders. 
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checkup
checkup
[noun]

a complete medical examination of the body to see if there are any health issues

Ex: She scheduled her annual checkup to ensure she was in good health. 
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