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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic - Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)

Learn vocabulary from the first part of Cambridge IELTS 17 Academic, Test 3 Reading Passage 2, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic
to derive from

to be originated from something

Ex: Many modern medicines derive from natural plants and their healing properties. 
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to consume

to eat or drink something

Ex: After a long day at work, she was ready to consume a hearty meal. 
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to snack
to snack
[Verb]

to eat a small amount of food between meals, typically as a quick and informal meal

Ex: During the movie, they like to snack on popcorn and enjoy the film. 
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manufacturer

a person, company, or country that produces large numbers of products

Ex: The car manufacturer introduced a new model that promised better fuel efficiency. 
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primarily
primarily
[Adverb]

with a focus on the main aspects of a thing, situation, or person

Ex: The company's decision-making process is primarily focused on customer satisfaction. 
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property
property
[noun]

a feature or quality of something

Ex: The most desirable property of the new smartphone is its long-lasting battery life. 
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packaged
packaged
[Adjective]

enclosed in a package or protective covering

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to seize
to seize
[Verb]

to suddenly and forcibly take hold of something

Ex: In a panic, she reached out to seize her falling phone before it hit the ground. 
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to maximize

to increase something to the highest possible level

Ex: She always tries to maximize her productivity by planning her tasks efficiently. 
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to devote to

to dedicate or commit oneself, time, effort, or resources to a particular purpose, activity, or cause

Ex: She decided to devote her weekends to volunteering at the local animal shelter. 
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to account for

to represent a specific amount or portion of a whole

Ex: In our team, experienced professionals account for the majority of the workforce. 
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hectare
hectare
[noun]

a land measurement unit that equals 10000 square meters or 2471 acres

Ex: A hectare is a unit of area equal to 10,000 square meters or approximately 2.47 acres. 
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mere
mere
[Adjective]

used to highlight how insignificant, minor, or small something is

Ex: It's a mere scratch. 
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tonne
tonne
[noun]

a unit of weight equivalent to 1000 kilograms

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figure
figure
[noun]

a symbol that represents any number between 0 and 9

Ex: In mathematics, figures are used to express numerical values. 
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conservationist

someone who makes efforts to protect the environment and wildlife from any type of harm

Ex: The conservationist worked tirelessly to protect endangered species and their habitats. 
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to cite
to cite
[Verb]

to refer to something as an example or proof

Ex: The lawyer cited similar court cases to argue for his client's innocence. 
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plantation

a large piece of land where many trees are grown for harvesting

Ex: Workers walked through the plantation, checking the health of the trees. 
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countless
countless
[Adjective]

so numerous that it cannot be easily counted or quantified

Ex: The night sky was filled with countless stars. 
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deforestation

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
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dwindling
dwindling
[Adjective]

gradually decreasing until little remains

Ex: Dwindling supplies forced the expedition to turn back. 
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population

a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area

Ex: The island supports a large population of seabirds. 
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monoculture

the cultivation of a single crop (on a farm or area or country)

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industrial
industrial
[Adjective]

related to the manufacturing or production of goods on a large scale

Ex: The city's economy thrived due to its industrial base, which included manufacturing plants and factories. 
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endangered species

a type of animal or plant that is at risk of becoming extinct

Ex: The panda is one of the most well-known endangered species. 
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fauna
fauna
[noun]

the animals of a particular geological period or region

Ex: Exploring the lush forest, we encountered a remarkable fauna of colorful birds, elusive mammals, and vibrant insects. 
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threat
threat
[noun]

something that poses danger or the possibility of harm

Ex: Pollution is a major threat to marine life. 
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biodiversity

the existence of a range of different plants and animals in a natural environment

Ex: The rainforest is known for its rich biodiversity, housing countless species of flora and fauna. 
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to declare

to officially tell people something

Ex: The country's leaders gathered to declare their independence from colonial rule. 
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radical
radical
[Adjective]

(of actions, ideas, etc.) very new and different from the norm

Ex: The scientist proposed a radical theory that challenged established beliefs. 
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environmentalist

a person who is concerned with the environment and tries to protect it

Ex: The environmentalist organized a campaign to raise awareness about plastic pollution in the oceans. 
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to boycott

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

Ex: Many customers boycotted the store after its poor customer service. 
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to argue
to argue
[Verb]

to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

Ex: He argued that increasing funding for education would lead to long-term benefits for society. 
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dramatic
dramatic
[Adjective]

surprising or exciting in appearance or effect

Ex: The sunset painted the sky in dramatic hues of orange and pink. 
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intuitive
intuitive
[Adjective]

based on or derived from instinct rather than rational analysis

Ex: She had an intuitive understanding of how people felt. 
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argument
argument
[noun]

a reason or sets of reasons presented to show the correctness or falsehood of an action or idea

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nuanced
nuanced
[Adjective]

showing subtle differences or complexities, often in a way that requires careful consideration

Ex: The book provided a nuanced perspective on the issue. 
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vital
vital
[Adjective]

absolutely necessary and of great importance

Ex: Adequate hydration is vital for maintaining overall health. 
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desirable
desirable
[Adjective]

worth doing or having

Ex: The job offer came with a desirable salary and benefits package. 
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to eliminate

to fully remove or get rid of something

Ex: The exterminator worked to eliminate the infestation of pests in the house. 
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supply chain

the sequence of processes, organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in producing and delivering a product or service from its origin to the final customer

Ex: Disruptions in the global supply chain caused delays in product delivery. 
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developing country

a country that is seeking industrial development and is moving away from an economic system that is based mainly on agriculture

Ex: Many developing countries are investing heavily in infrastructure to boost their industrial sectors. 
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livelihood

the resources or activities upon which an individual or household depends for their sustenance and survival

Ex: Farming is the primary livelihood for many rural communities, providing food and income. 
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to strike
to strike
[Verb]

to successfully reach, achieve, or establish something that requires agreement or compromise

Ex: The two parties struck a deal after hours of negotiation. 
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utilitarian
utilitarian
[Adjective]

having a design that prioritizes practicality and usefulness over aesthetics

Ex: The building had a utilitarian design, focused on efficiency. 
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cropland
cropland
[noun]

land that is used for growing crops like wheat, rice, or vegetables

Ex: The farmer owns a large area of cropland near the river. 
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bone of contention

a subject over which people disagree

Ex: Money became the main bone of contention between the brothers. 
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