مفردات لاختبار IELTS Academic (الدرجة 8-9) - Astronomy

a highly energetic celestial object emitting powerful radiation from the center of a galaxy, often associated with a supermassive black hole

a region beyond Neptune in the solar system containing icy objects like dwarf planets, asteroids, and comets

a distant, hypothetical region surrounding the solar system, thought to harbor icy bodies and comets

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

the apparent path that the Sun traces in the sky over the course of a year, which is also the plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun

the apparent displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object when viewed along two different lines of sight, often used in astronomy to measure the distance of nearby stars

an exploding star that as a result is emitting a very large amount of light, more than the sun

a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles

the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, extending from the surface up to an average altitude of about 8-15 kilometers

the atmospheric layer above the troposphere, where temperature generally increases with altitude and the ozone layer is situated

the atmospheric layer above the stratosphere, where temperatures decrease with altitude and it extends up to the mesopause

the atmospheric layer above the mesosphere, where temperatures increase with altitude and it extends to the exosphere

a layer in the upper atmosphere containing ions and free electrons, affecting radio communication and contributing to auroras

the outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere, transitioning to outer space, with extremely low gas densities

the protective magnetic field region around a celestial body, shielding it from solar wind and charged particles