a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

panovník, monarcha
a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktátor, tyran
a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

režim, autoritativní vláda
a form of government where a single ruler or authority exercises absolute power without checks or limitations

despotismus, tyranie
a bold uprising by a group, often soldiers or sailors, against their leaders

vzpoura, rebelie
a rebellion or uprising, often involving violence, by a group of people against an authority or ruling power

povstání, vzpoura
a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

povstání, vzpoura
an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

vzpoura, povstání
the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct

vzpoura, rebelie
a committed loyalty or dedication to a particular cause, group, or belief

věrnost, loajalita
the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

volební právo, právo volit
the state of being free from the control of others

nezávislost, autonomie
a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

spojenec, partner
the pursuit or achievement of equal rights, freedoms, or social status for individuals or groups previously oppressed or restricted

osvobození, emancipace
a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

partyzán, povstalec
the ability to make decisions or act freely according to one's own will, without being restricted by external constraints

svoboda, svobodná vůle
organized efforts aimed at improving or changing existing laws, policies, or practices to address perceived injustices or inefficiencies

reforma
an organized group of individuals or organizations that actively seek to influence public officials and policymakers on specific issues or laws

lobbistická skupina, tlaková skupina
an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

koalice, aliance
a condition in which individuals are forced to work or provide services against their will, without the ability to freely leave or negotiate their conditions

otroctví, nevolnictví
a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

nástupce, dědic
the action of assuming an important position or title

nástup na trůn, nastoupení
a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

dynastie
making decisions based on the preferences of the majority, often without significant consideration for the rights or interests of minority groups

většinový, založený na většině
using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

tyranský, despotický
(of actions, speech, writings, etc.) encouraging rebellion against established authority or government

vzbouřenecký, rebelantský
oppressed or treated unfairly, especially by those in power

utlačovaný, ponížený
ordered or required by a rule or law

povinný, vyžadovaný
related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

císařský, imperiální
relating to the armed forces that operate at seas or waters in general

námořní, vztahující se k moři
to voluntarily give up or surrender control, possession, or responsibility over something

vzdát se, předat
to officially take possession or control of something, typically for military or governmental purposes, often without the consent of the owner

zabavit, rekvirovat
(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

abdikovat, vzdát se trůnu
to ensure that a law or rule is followed

vynucovat, zajistit dodržování
to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

přikazovat, velet
to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

bojkotovat, zúčastnit se bojkotu
to have the power to completely or partially control someone or something

dominovat, ovládat
to wrongly take someone else's position, power, or right

uzurpovat, neoprávněně převzít
to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

oprávnit, zmocnit
to settle and build communities in new, often unexplored, areas

kolonizovat, zakládat kolonie
to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

ratifikovat, oficiálně schválit
to impose a penalty or punitive measure upon an individual, entity, or action

sankcionovat, trestat
to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

zrušit, překazit
to take control of or incorporate additional land into an existing country or state

anektovat, připojit
