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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Fáze Života

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o fázích života, jako je "pohřeb", "dítě", "mládí" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
adolescence
adolescence
[Podstatné jméno]

a period in one's life between puberty and adulthood

dospívání, mládí

dospívání, mládí

Ex: Adolescence is a time of rapid physical growth. 
adolescent
adolescent
[Podstatné jméno]

a young person who is in the process of becoming an adult

dospívající, mladý člověk

dospívající, mladý člověk

Ex: The adolescent struggled to fit in with their peers. 
youth
youth
[Podstatné jméno]

a young man or teenage boy, typically in the stage of life between childhood and adulthood

mladík, dospívající

mladík, dospívající

Ex: The youth of today are more tech-savvy than previous generations. 
youthful
youthful
[Přídavné jméno]

having the characteristics that are typical of young people

mladistvý, mladý

mladistvý, mladý

Ex: Despite her age, she had a youthful appearance, with smooth skin and a radiant smile. 
adulthood
adulthood
[Podstatné jméno]

the period of being an adult, characterized by physical and psychological maturity

dospělost, dospělý věk

dospělost, dospělý věk

Ex: Adulthood brings new responsibilities, such as managing finances and making long-term decisions. 
boyhood
boyhood
[Podstatné jméno]

the period of a male's life before he reaches adulthood

chlapectví, mládí

chlapectví, mládí

Ex: During his boyhood, summers were spent exploring the woods behind his house, building forts, and catching fireflies. 
girlhood
girlhood
[Podstatné jméno]

the period of a female individual's life before she reaches adulthood

dívčí věk, ženské mládí

dívčí věk, ženské mládí

Ex: Sarah cherished the memories of her girlhood spent playing with dolls and dressing up in princess costumes. 
infancy
infancy
[Podstatné jméno]

the period or state of very early childhood

kojenecké období, rané dětství

kojenecké období, rané dětství

Ex: During infancy, babies develop rapidly, learning to crawl, babble, and explore their surroundings. 
infant
infant
[Podstatné jméno]

a very young child, typically from birth to around one year old

kojenec, miminko

kojenec, miminko

Ex: The pediatrician provided guidance to the new parents on caring for their infant's health and development. 
maturity
maturity
[Podstatné jméno]

the state and quality of being mentally and behaviorally rational and sensible

zralost, rozumnost

zralost, rozumnost

Ex: Tom admired his grandfather for his wisdom and maturity, gained through a lifetime of experiences. 
premature
premature
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a baby) born before completing the normal full-term pregnancy length

předčasný

předčasný

Ex: The twins were delivered at 30 weeks, making them moderately premature. 
teens
teens
[Podstatné jméno]

the period of one's life between the age of 13 and 19

dospívání, léta dospívání

dospívání, léta dospívání

Ex: The teens are often a time of personal change and discovery. 
midlife crisis
midlife crisis
[Podstatné jméno]

a period of emotional or personal turmoil experienced by some people in middle adulthood

krize středního věku, krize čtyřicátníků

krize středního věku, krize čtyřicátníků

Ex: He bought a sports car during his midlife crisis. 
anniversary
anniversary
[Podstatné jméno]

the date on which a special event happened in a previous year

výročí

výročí

Ex: They celebrated their first wedding anniversary with a romantic dinner. 
burial
burial
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of burying a dead body or the ceremony in which a dead body is buried

pohřeb, pohřbení

pohřeb, pohřbení

Ex: The burial took place at sunset in the family cemetery. 
childbirth
childbirth
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of a baby being born

porod, narození

porod, narození

Ex: She prepared carefully for childbirth. 
pregnancy
pregnancy
[Podstatné jméno]

the condition of carrying a developing baby in the womb

těhotenství, stav těhotenství

těhotenství, stav těhotenství

Ex: She announced her pregnancy to the family. 
elder
elder
[Podstatné jméno]

a person older in age or experience than another

starší, starší osoba

starší, starší osoba

Ex: You should respect your elders. 
engagement
engagement
[Podstatné jméno]

an agreement between two people to get married or the duration of this agreement

zasnoubení, angažovanost

zasnoubení, angažovanost

Ex: They announced their engagement at a family gathering. 
funeral
funeral
[Podstatné jméno]

a religious ceremony in which people bury or cremate a dead person

pohřeb, pohřební obřad

pohřeb, pohřební obřad

Ex: The funeral was held at the church where she had been an active member for many years. 
juvenile
juvenile
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to young people who have not reached adulthood yet

mladistvý

mladistvý

Ex: The juvenile detention center houses young offenders under the age of 18. 
underage
underage
[Přídavné jméno]

not old enough to legally engage in certain activities such as drinking or getting a driver's license

nezletilý, příliš mladý

nezletilý, příliš mladý

Ex: He was caught attempting to purchase alcohol despite being underage. 
widow
widow
[Podstatné jméno]

a married woman whose spouse is dead and has not married again

vdova, žená vdova

vdova, žená vdova

Ex: After her husband's passing, she became a widow. 
widower
widower
[Podstatné jméno]

a man whose spouse is dead and has not remarried

vdovec, muž vdovec

vdovec, muž vdovec

Ex: He became a widower after his wife passed away last year. 
orphan
orphan
[Podstatné jméno]

a child whose parents have died

sirotek, opuštěné dítě

sirotek, opuštěné dítě

Ex: The orphan found solace and a new family in the orphanage after losing both parents in a tragic accident. 
elderly
elderly
[Přídavné jméno]

advanced in age

starší, pokročilého věku

starší, pokročilého věku

Ex: The elderly couple enjoyed taking leisurely walks together in the park. 
maternity leave
maternity leave
[Podstatné jméno]

a period of time when a woman can take a break from working and stay home before and after the birth of her child

mateřská dovolená

mateřská dovolená

Ex: She went on maternity leave a month before her baby was due. 
middle-aged
middle-aged
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a person) approximately between 45 to 65 years old, typically indicating a stage of life between young adulthood and old age

středního věku

středního věku

Ex: The middle-aged man enjoyed his evening walks in the park. 
to pass away
to pass away
[sloveso]

to no longer be alive

zemřít, odejít

zemřít, odejít

Ex: The community mourned when they heard that the beloved teacher had passed away. 
retirement
retirement
[Podstatné jméno]

the period during someone's life when they stop working often due to reaching a certain age

důchod, odchod do důchodu

důchod, odchod do důchodu

Ex: She looks forward to traveling during her retirement. 
senior
senior
[Přídavné jméno]

related to individuals who are considered elderly

starší, senior

starší, senior

Ex: The senior citizens' center provides various activities and services for older adults in the community. 
toddler
toddler
[Podstatné jméno]

a young child who is starting to learn how to walk

batole, dítě začínající chodit

batole, dítě začínající chodit

Ex: The toddler took his first steps, much to the delight of his parents. 
grownup
grownup
[Podstatné jméno]

(used by children or when talking to them) an adult who is fully matured and responsible

dospělý, velký

dospělý, velký

Ex: Sarah admired her parents as the ultimate grownups, capable of handling any challenge that came their way. 
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