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剑桥雅思19 - 学术类 - 测试4 - 阅读 - 第3段 (3)

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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
autonomy
[名词]

personal independence

自主

自主

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whenever
[副词]

at any time something happens

每当, 无论何时

每当, 无论何时

Ex: The place looks more inviting whenever decorated.这个地方**每当**装饰时都显得更吸引人。
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(of a relationship, negotiation, etc.) to fail to function properly

失败, 崩溃

失败, 崩溃

Ex: The communication between the team members broke down, affecting their productivity .团队成员之间的沟通**破裂**,影响了他们的工作效率。
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custody
[名词]

the legal right to keep a thing or to take care of a person

监护, 保管

监护, 保管

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right
[名词]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

权利, 特权

权利, 特权

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.人权包括生命、自由和安全**权**。
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over
[介词]

used to express having power or influence in relation to something or someone

在...上, 超过

在...上, 超过

Ex: The committee holds sway over key hiring decisions .委员会**对**关键招聘决定有影响力。
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normal
[形容词]

conforming to a standard or expected condition

正常, 平常

正常, 平常

Ex: Despite recent events , life is gradually returning to normal for the residents of the town .尽管最近发生了这些事件,小镇居民的生活正逐渐回归**正常**。
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growth
[名词]

an increase in the amount, degree, importance, or size of something

增长, 扩张

增长, 扩张

Ex: She noticed significant growth in her skills after the training .她注意到训练后自己的技能有了显著的**增长**。
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agriculture
[名词]

farming and its science

农业

农业

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settled
[形容词]

fixed in a desired state or location, often implying a sense of permanence or stability

安定的, 固定的

安定的, 固定的

Ex: After years of searching, she finally felt settled in her career and knew it was the right path for her.经过多年的寻找,她终于在自己的职业生涯中感到**安定**,并知道这是她正确的道路。
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in view of
[介词]

considering a particular fact or circumstance

鉴于, 考虑到

鉴于, 考虑到

Ex: We have made changes to the schedule in view of the unexpected delays .考虑到意外的延误,我们对时间表进行了调整。
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to assume
[动词]

to think that something is true without having proof or evidence

假设, 假定

假设, 假定

Ex: Right now , some team members are assuming that the project deadline will be extended .现在,一些团队成员**假设**项目截止日期会延长。
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domination
[名词]

the power or influence that one has over other things or people

统治, 支配

统治, 支配

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evolution
[名词]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

进化

进化

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.**进化**导致了我们今天在地球上看到的植物和动物的惊人多样性。
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selfishly
[副词]

in a way that shows concern only for oneself, often disregarding the needs or feelings of others

自私地

自私地

Ex: He selfishly spent all his inheritance on luxury items for himself .他**自私地**把所有遗产都花在了自己的奢侈品上。
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ruthlessly
[副词]

in a way that shows no pity, compassion, or mercy

无情地, 残忍地

无情地, 残忍地

Ex: The army advanced ruthlessly, leaving destruction behind .军队**无情地**前进,留下破坏。
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likely
[形容词]

having a possibility of happening or being the case

可能的, 有希望的

可能的, 有希望的

Ex: The recent increase in sales makes it a likely scenario that the company will expand its operations .最近的销售增长使得公司扩大运营成为一个**可能**的情景。
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cooperation
[名词]

the act of working together toward a common goal

合作,  协作

合作, 协作

Ex: Without the team 's cooperation, the event would not have run smoothly .没有团队的**合作**,活动就不会顺利进行。
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altruism
[名词]

the selfless concern for the well-being of others, often demonstrated through acts of kindness, compassion, and generosity

利他主义, 无私

利他主义, 无私

Ex: Rescuing an injured animal and providing care and shelter , even at personal inconvenience , showcases altruism by showing compassion and empathy towards creatures in need .即使个人不便,救援受伤的动物并提供照顾和庇护,通过对需要帮助的生物表现出同情和同理心,展示了**利他主义**。
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peacefulness
[名词]

a state that is calm and tranquil

宁静, 平和

宁静, 平和

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a notable feature or quality that defines or describes something

特征, 特点

特征, 特点

Ex: Honesty is a characteristic that defines a good leader .**特征**是定义一个好领导的特质。
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presumably
[副词]

used to say that the something is believed to be true based on available information or evidence

大概, 推测起来

大概, 推测起来

Ex: The project deadline was extended , presumably to allow more time for thorough research and development .项目的截止日期被延长了,**大概**是为了给彻底的研究和开发留出更多时间。
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repeatedly
[副词]

in a manner that occurs multiple times

反复地, 多次地

反复地, 多次地

Ex: They practiced the dance routine repeatedly.他们**反复**练习了舞蹈动作。
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the environment where a plant or animal species normally lives and grows, with the conditions that suit its needs

自然栖息地, 天然栖息地

自然栖息地, 天然栖息地

Ex: Removing the trees disrupted the species ' natural habitat.移除树木破坏了该物种的**自然栖息地**。
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primate
[名词]

any mammalian animal that belongs to the same group as humans, such as monkeys, apes, lemurs, etc.

灵长类动物, 猴子

灵长类动物, 猴子

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ape
[名词]

a tailless animal similar to a monkey, such as chimpanzees and gorillas

猿, 类人猿

猿, 类人猿

Ex: Conservation efforts are crucial to protect endangered ape species from habitat loss and poaching .保护努力对于保护濒危**猿类**物种免受栖息地丧失和偷猎至关重要。
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gorilla
[名词]

an African ape which has a large head and short neck that looks like a monkey with no tail

大猩猩

大猩猩

Ex: Gorillas exhibit complex social behaviors , including vocalizations , gestures , and facial expressions , to communicate within their groups .**大猩猩**表现出复杂的社会行为,包括发声、手势和面部表情,以在群体内进行交流。
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to disrupt
[动词]

to cause disorder or disturbance in something that was previously orderly or calm

扰乱, 打断

扰乱, 打断

Ex: The storm disrupted power supply to the entire neighborhood .风暴**扰乱**了整个社区的电力供应。
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to tend
[动词]

to be likely to develop or occur in a certain way because that is the usual pattern

倾向于, 往往

倾向于, 往往

Ex: In colder climates , temperatures tend to drop significantly during the winter months .在较冷的气候中,冬季气温**往往会**显著下降。
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hierarchical
[形容词]

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

等级制度的

等级制度的

Ex: The military operates on a hierarchical chain of command , with officers giving orders to subordinates .军队按照**等级**指挥链运作,军官向部下下达命令。
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advent
[名词]

the arrival of a significant event, person, or thing that has been eagerly anticipated

来临, 出现

来临, 出现

Ex: The advent of space exploration has opened up new possibilities for understanding our universe .太空探索的**到来**为理解我们的宇宙开辟了新的可能性。
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sense
[名词]

an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

感觉, 意识

感觉, 意识

Ex: He could n't shake the sense that something bad was about to happen .他无法摆脱即将发生坏事的**感觉**。
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the state of being distinct and unique, separate from others in characteristics or expression

个性

个性

Ex: The handmade items in the store each have their own individuality, making them special .商店里的手工制品各有其**个性**,这使得它们很特别。
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separateness
[名词]

the quality of being not alike; being distinct or different from that otherwise experienced or known

分离,  差异

分离, 差异

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ultimately
[副词]

after doing or considering everything

最终, 终究

最终, 终究

Ex: The team explored multiple strategies , and ultimately, they implemented the one with the greatest impact .团队探索了多种策略,**最终**,他们实施了影响最大的那个。
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patriarchy
[名词]

a society or organization marked by male supremacy and exclusion of women from power

父权制, 家长制

父权制, 家长制

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at any rate
[副词]

used to indicate that a statement explains or supports a previous statement

无论如何, 总之

无论如何, 总之

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feasible
[形容词]

having the potential of being done successfully

可行的, 可实现的

可行的, 可实现的

Ex: It may be feasible to complete the task early with extra help .在额外帮助下提前完成任务可能是**可行的**。
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adaptive
[形容词]

having a capacity for adaptation

适应的,  有适应能力的

适应的, 有适应能力的

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term
[名词]

a single word or group of words used to name or define something

术语, 词

术语, 词

Ex: The term " climate change " has become widely recognized .“气候变化”这一**术语**已被广泛认可。
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well
[副词]

quite likely to happen or be true

很可能会, 好

很可能会, 好

Ex: The new policy could well affect thousands of people .新政策**很**可能会影响成千上万的人。
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剑桥雅思19 - 学术类
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