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C2 Level Wordlist - Engineering

Here you will learn all the essential words for talking about Engineering, collected specifically for level C2 learners.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
relay
relay
[noun]

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

Ex: The engineer installed a relay in the circuit to control the high-voltage switch safely. 
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ball bearing

a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the separation between the bearing races, reducing friction and enabling smooth rotation

Ex: The bicycle's smooth operation is attributed to the ball bearings in its wheel hubs and bottom bracket. 
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belt drive

a mechanical transmission system using a flexible belt to transfer power between rotating shafts

Ex: The old factory machines relied on a belt drive system to transfer power from the central engine to various workstations. 
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breeder reactor

a type of nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it often consumes

Ex: The energy plant implemented a breeder reactor to generate more fuel than it consumes, enhancing its efficiency. 
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test bench

an environment that can be used to verify the correctness of a model or design

Ex: The engineers used a test bench to evaluate the performance and durability of the new engine design. 
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cog
cog
[noun]

a wheel with a set of square or triangular teeth sticking out around the edge that fits into the edge of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to turn

Ex: The cog in the gear system meshed perfectly with its neighboring cogs, ensuring smooth and efficient power transmission. 
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crank
crank
[noun]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

Ex: The engineer used a crank to manually adjust the height of the lifting mechanism. 
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drive shaft

a mechanical component that transmits rotational power from the engine to the wheels or other driven components of a vehicle or machine

Ex: The driveshaft in the car transfers power from the engine to the rear wheels, enabling forward motion. 
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gearing
gearing
[noun]

gears, toothed wheels, or mechanical components designed to transmit and control power between rotating shafts in a machine, vehicle, or system

Ex: The bicycle's gearing allows the rider to easily switch between different gear ratios for efficient pedaling on various terrains. 
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overhaul
overhaul
[noun]

a thorough inspection and repair of a machine or system to improve its performance or extend its lifespan

Ex: The aircraft underwent a thorough overhaul to ensure all components met safety and performance standards. 
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sprocket
sprocket
[noun]

a toothed wheel with projections that mesh with a chain, track, or other perforated or indented material, typically used to transmit motion or power in machinery, vehicles, or bicycles

Ex: The bicycle's rear wheel is connected to the chain and sprocket assembly, facilitating smooth pedaling. 
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lathe
lathe
[noun]

a machine tool that rotates a workpiece so one can shape it by cutting, sanding, or drilling

Ex: The machinist used a lathe to shape the metal rod into a precise cylindrical form. 
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computer-aided design technician

a professional who uses specialized software to create detailed drawings and plans for buildings, machines, or products

Ex: A computer-aided design technician plays a crucial role in translating conceptual ideas into precise digital blueprints for manufacturing. 
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torque
torque
[noun]

a rotational force measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds

Ex: The wrench applied torque to loosen the stubborn nut on the bolt. 
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rivet
rivet
[noun]

a permanent fastener with a head on one end and a deformable shaft that forms a second head when joining materials together

Ex: The aircraft's fuselage was assembled using thousands of rivets to ensure a strong and durable connection between the metal panels. 
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fracking
fracking
[noun]

a method used to extract natural gas or oil from deep underground by injecting high-pressure fluid to fracture rock formations

Ex: Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, is an engineering technique used to extract oil and natural gas from deep underground rock formations. 
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transformer

an electric device that is used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current

Ex: The electrical engineer installed a transformer to step down the high voltage from the power lines to a safer level for residential use. 
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substation

a facility that transforms voltage levels and regulates electrical currents, typically situated in an electrical power distribution system

Ex: The power generated at the hydroelectric plant is transmitted to urban areas through a substation. 
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conduit
conduit
[noun]

a pipe, tube, or channel that is used to protect, enclose, or route electrical wires, cables, or other utilities for the purpose of safe and organized transmission

Ex: The electrical conduit protects the wiring from physical damage and ensures safety in the industrial facility. 
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alternating current

an electric current that reverses direction periodically, typically used in power distribution systems due to its efficiency in long-distance transmission

Ex: ChatGPT Homes and businesses receive electrical power through alternating current supplied by the grid. 
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electromechanical

relating to systems or devices that involve both electrical and mechanical components or functions

Ex: The electromechanical clock uses gears and an electric motor to keep time. 
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