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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro GRE - Studený Den v Pekle

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o náboženství, jako je "ateismus", "animismus", "křest" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
Zen
Zen
[Podstatné jméno]

a school of Mahayana Buddhism, originally formed in Japan, emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition rather than reading religious scripts or ritual worship

zen, zen buddhismus

zen, zen buddhismus

Ex: She practices Zen to find inner peace and clarity. 
agnosticism
agnosticism
[Podstatné jméno]

uncertainty or lack of commitment regarding the existence of deities or the ability to know and comprehend the nature of ultimate reality

agnosticismus, agnosticismus

agnosticismus, agnosticismus

Ex: Agnosticism is marked by a humble acknowledgment that the existence of God or spiritual truths is uncertain and beyond definitive human understanding. 
atheism
atheism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief that rejects the existence of God or a higher power

ateismus, nevíra v existenci Boha

ateismus, nevíra v existenci Boha

Ex: He openly discussed his atheism with his friends. 
the Trinity
the Trinity
[Podstatné jméno]

(in Christianity) the concept of God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit

Trojice, Nejsvětější Trojice

Trojice, Nejsvětější Trojice

Ex: The pastor explained the concept of the Trinity during the sermon. 
theology
theology
[Podstatné jméno]

the study of religions and faiths

teologie, nauka o náboženství

teologie, nauka o náboženství

Ex: She decided to study theology to better understand her faith. 
almighty
almighty
[Přídavné jméno]

having the absolute power and ability to do anything

všemocný, omnipotentní

všemocný, omnipotentní

Ex: The ancient legend spoke of an almighty ruler who controlled the elements. 
animism
animism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief in spirits residing within natural elements, objects, and living beings

animismus, víra v duchy sídlící v přírodních prvcích

animismus, víra v duchy sídlící v přírodních prvcích

Ex: Animism is evident in cultures where natural elements, like trees or rivers, are believed to possess spiritual significance. 
theism
theism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief in the existence of one or more gods or deities

teismus, víra v existenci jednoho nebo více bohů

teismus, víra v existenci jednoho nebo více bohů

Ex: His philosophy is rooted in theism, believing in a higher power. 
biblical
biblical
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or derived from the Bible

biblický, související s Biblí

biblický, související s Biblí

Ex: The biblical story of Noah's Ark is well-known around the world. 
baptism
baptism
[Podstatné jméno]

a Christian ceremony during which water is poured on someone or they are immersed into water to welcome them to the Church

křest, pokřtění

křest, pokřtění

Ex: The baby's baptism was held at the local church last Sunday. 
bar mitzvah
bar mitzvah
[Podstatné jméno]

a Jewish ceremony for a boy when he turns 13, marking his transition to being considered an adult in the Jewish community

bar micva, obřad bar micva

bar micva, obřad bar micva

Ex: The bar mitzvah is a significant milestone in Jewish tradition. 
secularism
secularism
[Podstatné jméno]

the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations

sekularismus, odluka církve od státu

sekularismus, odluka církve od státu

Ex: Secularism is a core principle in the country's constitution. 
spiritualism
spiritualism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief that the human spirit or soul can survive after death and communicate with the living

spiritismus, spiritualismus

spiritismus, spiritualismus

Ex: She was fascinated by spiritualism and attended séances regularly. 
asceticism
asceticism
[Podstatné jméno]

a practice that advocates letting go of all the material, mortal, or pleasurable things in order to enrich one's faith and spiritual abilities

asketismus, střídmost

asketismus, střídmost

Ex: His life of asceticism focused on simplicity and spiritual purity. 
archbishop
archbishop
[Podstatné jméno]

a bishop of the highest rank who is responsible for all the churches in a specific large area

arcibiskup, prelát

arcibiskup, prelát

Ex: The archbishop presided over the diocese, which encompassed several cities and towns. 
christening
christening
[Podstatné jméno]

a Christian religious ceremony during which a baby is named and admitted to the Christian Church

křest, křestní obřad

křest, křestní obřad

Ex: The christening ceremony was held in the local church, with family and friends in attendance. 
clergy
clergy
[Podstatné jméno]

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

duchovenstvo, klérus

duchovenstvo, klérus

Ex: The clergy gathered for the annual conference. 
commemorative
commemorative
[Přídavné jméno]

acting as something like a statue or structure that is established to remind others of a person or event

pamětní,  připomínkový

pamětní, připomínkový

Ex: The city unveiled a commemorative to honor the war heroes. 
congregation
congregation
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of people who gather in a church to say prayers

shromáždění, kongregace

shromáždění, kongregace

Ex: The congregation gathered every Sunday for worship and fellowship. 
consecration
consecration
[Podstatné jméno]

act or ceremony of declaring something sacred or dedicated to a divine purpose, particularly in Christianity

svěcení, posvěcení

svěcení, posvěcení

Ex: In certain religious traditions, the consecration of a bishop is a sacred ritual that marks the individual's appointment to a holy office within the church. 
crucifix
crucifix
[Podstatné jméno]

a cross with a image or statue of Jesus on it

krucifix, kříž s obrazem nebo sochou Ježíše

krucifix, kříž s obrazem nebo sochou Ježíše

Ex: The church had a large crucifix at the altar. 
deity
deity
[Podstatné jméno]

a supernatural figure that is worshipped like a god or goddess

božstvo, bůh

božstvo, bůh

Ex: In ancient Greece, Zeus was considered a powerful deity. 
ecclesiastic
ecclesiastic
[Podstatné jméno]

a male priest, religious leader, or minister; especially a Christian one

duchovní, kněz

duchovní, kněz

Ex: He met with an ecclesiastic to discuss the church's upcoming events. 
effigy
effigy
[Podstatné jméno]

a physical illustration of someone, especially a graven image or statue, often life-size

podoba, socha

podoba, socha

Ex: The artist sculpted an effigy of the famous leader. 
epistle
epistle
[Podstatné jméno]

any of the letters in the New Testament, written by the apostles

list, apoštolský list

list, apoštolský list

Ex: Paul's epistle to the Romans is a foundational text in Christian theology. 
exorcism
exorcism
[Podstatné jméno]

the religious or spiritual practice of driving out evil spirits or entities from a person or place

exorcismus, osvobození

exorcismus, osvobození

Ex: The priest performed an exorcism to rid the house of spirits. 
Gospel
Gospel
[Podstatné jméno]

any of the four books of the New Testament that is about the life and teachings of Jesus Christ

evangelium, gospel

evangelium, gospel

Ex: She studied the Gospel of Matthew in her Bible study group. 
kosher
kosher
[Přídavné jméno]

(of food) prepared according to Jewish law

košer, podle židovského zákona

košer, podle židovského zákona

Ex: The meat served at the kosher deli adheres to strict Jewish dietary laws. 
guru
guru
[Podstatné jméno]

a religious leader or teacher in Buddhism, Hinduism, or Sikhism

guru, duchovní učitel

guru, duchovní učitel

Ex: She traveled to India to seek guidance from a renowned guru. 
halal
halal
[Přídavné jméno]

(of food) prepared according to Islamic law

halal, v souladu s islámským právem

halal, v souladu s islámským právem

Ex: She only eats halal meat from the local butcher. 
hermit
hermit
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who lives a very simple life in solitude as a religious practice

poustevník, samotář

poustevník, samotář

Ex: The hermit lived deep in the forest, away from the distractions of the world, devoting himself to prayer and meditation. 
heretic
heretic
[Podstatné jméno]

someone with beliefs against the doctrines of a particular religion

kacíř

kacíř

Ex: The church labeled him a heretic for his unconventional views. 
hymn
hymn
[Podstatné jméno]

a religious song intended to praise God, especially sung by Christians in congregation

hymnus, náboženská píseň

hymnus, náboženská píseň

Ex: The congregation sang a hymn at the beginning of the service. 
reincarnation
reincarnation
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief that after someone’s death, their spirit comes back to life in the form of a new body, especially in Buddhism and Hinduism

reinkarnace, znovuzrození

reinkarnace, znovuzrození

Ex: Many people believe in reincarnation as a cycle of rebirth. 
judaic
judaic
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the Jew and their faith, religion, or culture

židovský, vztahující se k judaismu

židovský, vztahující se k judaismu

Ex: She studied Judaic traditions to understand her heritage better. 
martyr
martyr
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

mučedník, mučednice

mučedník, mučednice

Ex: He is remembered as a martyr for his fight against injustice. 
lama
lama
[Podstatné jméno]

a Mongolian or Tibetan Buddhist monk

láma, tibetský nebo mongolský buddhistický mnich

láma, tibetský nebo mongolský buddhistický mnich

Ex: The lama offered blessings to the villagers. 
monastic
monastic
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to people like monks, nuns, etc. who voluntarily made a public sacred promise to dedicate their life to a special duty

klášterní, náboženský

klášterní, náboženský

Ex: The monastery's monastic routine involves daily prayers and meditation. 
pantheism
pantheism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief that God and the universe are one and the same, considering the entire natural world as a divine expression of God

panteismus, víra

panteismus, víra

Ex: Some proponents of pantheism find solace and a sense of awe in contemplating the vastness and complexity of the universe. 
polytheism
polytheism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief in or worship of multiple gods or deities

polyteismus, víra v mnoho bohů

polyteismus, víra v mnoho bohů

Ex: Polytheism was a common religious belief in many ancient civilizations, such as ancient Greece, Rome, and Egypt, where various gods and goddesses were worshiped. 
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