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SAT Humanitní vědy - Právo a povinnosti

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s právem a povinnostmi, jako je „affidavit“, „felony“, „judicial“ atd., která budete potřebovat, abyste zvládli své SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
proceeding

the formal process or legal action taken within a court to resolve a dispute, administer justice, etc.

řízení

řízení

Google Translate
[Podstatné jméno]
provision

an agreed-upon condition or requirement outlined in an agreement, law, or document

ustanovení

ustanovení

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[Podstatné jméno]
affidavit

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

affidavit

affidavit

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[Podstatné jméno]
testimony

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

svědectví

svědectví

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[Podstatné jméno]
accusation

a statement declaring someone's guiltiness with certainty

obvinění

obvinění

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[Podstatné jméno]
ruling

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

rozhodnutí

rozhodnutí

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[Podstatné jméno]
felony

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

závažný zločin

závažný zločin

Google Translate
[Podstatné jméno]
parole

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

podmíněné propuštění

podmíněné propuštění

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[Podstatné jméno]
penalty

a punishment or consequence imposed as a result of violating rules

pokuta

pokuta

Google Translate
[Podstatné jméno]
libel

a written statement in a legal case, outlining the harmful statements made against someone and what they seek from the court

písemné urážky

písemné urážky

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[Podstatné jméno]
counterclaim

a response in court, stating an opposing demand

reklamační žaloba

reklamační žaloba

Google Translate
[Podstatné jméno]
trustee

a person or group of people who control the property or money that belongs to another person

správce

správce

Google Translate
[Podstatné jméno]
offender

someone who has done an illegal act

pachatel

pachatel

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[Podstatné jméno]
verdict

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

verdikt

verdikt

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[Podstatné jméno]
acquittal

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

osvobození

osvobození

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[Podstatné jméno]
penitentiary

a prison or correctional facility where individuals convicted of serious crimes are confined and undergo rehabilitation

věznice

věznice

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[Podstatné jméno]
reformatory

an institution designed to reform or rehabilitate young offenders rather than simply punish them

výchovný ústav

výchovný ústav

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[Podstatné jméno]
statutory

according to or allowed by law

statutární

statutární

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[Přídavné jméno]
judicial

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

soudní

soudní

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[Přídavné jméno]
indeterminate

(of a judicial sentence) establishing a range of time within which the offender will serve their sentence, with the possibility of early release

neodhadnutý trest

neodhadnutý trest

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[Přídavné jméno]
to indict

to officially accuse a person of a crime

obžalovat

obžalovat

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[sloveso]
to banish

to force someone to leave a country, often as a form of punishment or to keep them away

vypudit

vypudit

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[sloveso]
to exile

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

vyhostit

vyhostit

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[sloveso]
to outlaw

to officially state that something is illegal

zakázat

zakázat

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[sloveso]
to authorize

to officially give permission for a specific action, process, etc.

autorizovat

autorizovat

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[sloveso]
to enact

to approve a proposed law

přijmout

přijmout

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[sloveso]
to convict

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

uznat vinným

uznat vinným

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[sloveso]
to execute

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

popravit

popravit

Google Translate
[sloveso]
to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

podat obžalobu

podat obžalobu

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[sloveso]
to arbitrate

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

rozhodovat

rozhodovat

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[sloveso]
non-disclosure agreement

a legally binding contract between parties, typically individuals or businesses, that outlines confidential information that the parties agree not to disclose to others

smlouva o nezveřejnění

smlouva o nezveřejnění

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[Podstatné jméno]
confidentiality

the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

důvěrnost

důvěrnost

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[Podstatné jméno]
obligation

an action that one must perform because they are legally or morally forced to do so

povinnost

povinnost

Google Translate
[Podstatné jméno]
infringement

an action that is against a law. regulation, or agreement

porušení

porušení

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[Podstatné jméno]
infraction

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

porušení

porušení

Google Translate
[Podstatné jméno]
inviolable

unable to be broken or dishonored, often due to its importance or protection by law or custom

nedotknutelný

nedotknutelný

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[Přídavné jméno]
to exempt

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

osvobodit

osvobodit

Google Translate
[sloveso]
to commit

to state that one is bound to do something specific

zavázat se

zavázat se

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[sloveso]
to entrust

to give someone the responsibility of taking care of something important, such as a task, duty, or information

svěřit

svěřit

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[sloveso]
to pledge

to make a binding agreement

zavázat se

zavázat se

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[sloveso]
to slander

to make false and adverse statements about someone for defamation

pomlouvat

pomlouvat

Google Translate
[sloveso]
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