Lista de Palavras Nível C2 - Physics

a scientific idea that all particles are tiny vibrating strings, not point-like dots, and these vibrations create different particles and forces

teoria das cordas, teoria de cordas

the bending, spreading, and interference of waves as they encounter obstacles or pass through narrow openings, often observed in the behavior of light, sound, or other waves

difração

a fundamental particle combining to form protons and neutrons, with fractional electric charge and six flavors

quark

a fundamental particle with half-integer spin, including electrons and their heavier counterparts, as well as neutrinos

lépton, partícula léptonica

a tiny particle made up of even smaller parts called quarks, like protons and neutrons

hádrons

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

velocidade, rapidez

(physics) the maximum distance a vibrating material, sound wave, etc. such as a pendulum travels from its first position

amplitude

tiny particles that make up matter and have a property called spin, like the building blocks of atoms

fermióide

a tiny particle with whole-number spin, such as photons or the Higgs boson, often associated with carrying fundamental forces or giving mass to other particles

bóson

the force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle or the axis of rotation, preventing the object from moving in a straight line

força centrípeta, força de centripetalidade

the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave, producing a shift in pitch or color

efeito Doppler, efeito de Doppler

the energy possessed by an object due to its motion, defined as one-half the mass of the object multiplied by the square of its velocity, expressed by the equation KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

energia cinética, energia de movimento

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

matéria escura, massa escura

(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter

antimatéria

(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia

massa, massa (física)

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

quântico, quantidade mínima

(physics) the increase in velocity over time

aceleração

the strength of a moving object determined by multiplying how heavy it is by how fast it is going

momento, impulso

a fundamental particle of light that carries electromagnetic energy and exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties

fóton

the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, whether at rest or in uniform motion, and to remain in its current state unless acted upon by an external force

inércia

(physics) the back-and-forth motion of an object between two end points

oscilação, oscilação harmônica

the action or process where a wave, such as light or sound, bounces back from a surface instead of passing through

reflexão, eco

a measure of a material's stiffness or elasticity in physics

módulo de Young, módulo de elasticidade

a theory stating that the exact position and momentum of a particle cannot be measured precisely at the same time

princípio da incerteza

the unit of energy in the International System of Units

joule

a very small, electrically neutral particle that rarely interacts with matter

neutrino

the theory that adds the notion of time to that of a three-dimensional space

espaço-tempo, tempo-espaço

the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy

fissão nuclear, divisão nuclear

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

eletromagnético

(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy

fusão nuclear, fusão de núcleos