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Vocabulary for IELTS (General) - Space

Here you will learn some English words about space, such as "atmosphere", "launch", "aerospace", etc. that are needed for the IELTS exam.

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Words for General IELTS
astronaut
astronaut
[noun]

someone who is trained to travel and work in space

Ex: She fulfilled her childhood dream of becoming an astronaut and traveled to the International Space Station. 
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atmosphere

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

Ex: Earth's atmosphere protects us from harmful solar radiation. 
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space station

a large structure used as a long-term base for people to stay in space and conduct research

Ex: The space station serves as a platform for testing technologies needed for future deep-space exploration. 
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sunlight
sunlight
[noun]

the natural light coming from the sun

Ex: The sunlight streamed through the windows, filling the room with warmth. 
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moonlight
moonlight
[noun]

the light coming from the moon

Ex: They took a romantic walk along the beach, guided by the soft moonlight. 
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asteroid
asteroid
[noun]

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

Ex: Scientists study asteroids to learn about the early solar system and potential threats to Earth. 
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astronomer

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

Ex: The astronomer discovered a new exoplanet using advanced telescope technology. 
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astronomy
astronomy
[noun]

a branch of science that studies space, planets, etc.

Ex: Advances in astronomy have led to the discovery of exoplanets orbiting other stars in our galaxy. 
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galaxy
galaxy
[noun]

a large number of star systems bound together by gravitational force

Ex: Galaxies can vary in shape and size, with types including spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies, each having distinct structures and characteristics. 
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to launch
to launch
[Verb]

to send an object, such as a satellite, missile, etc., into space

Ex: The military launched a missile as part of a test exercise. 
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to orbit
to orbit
[Verb]

to move around a star, planet, or a large object in space

Ex: The moon orbits around the Earth once every 27.3 days. 
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rocket
rocket
[noun]

a propulsion device with its own fuel that produces thrust through reaction forces

Ex: The rocket engine burned fuel to lift the spacecraft. 
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satellite
satellite
[noun]

a natural body in space that moves around the earth or other planets

Ex: The Moon is Earth's satellite, orbiting our planet and affecting tides. 
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solar system

the sun and the group of planets orbiting around it, including the earth

Ex: Earth is one of eight planets in the solar system. 
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spacecraft

a vehicle designed to travel in space

Ex: The spacecraft was launched to explore Mars and collect data about the planet's surface and atmosphere. 
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to voyage
to voyage
[Verb]

to travel over a long distance by sea or in space

Ex: The intrepid explorers voyaged across uncharted waters in search of a legendary island. 
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aerospace
aerospace
[noun]

the earth's atmosphere and the space beyond it

Ex: She studied aerospace engineering to pursue a career in space exploration. 
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constellation

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

Ex: Orion is a well-known constellation visible in the winter sky. 
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gravity
gravity
[noun]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

Ex: Gravity is what keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun and the Moon in orbit around the Earth. 
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lunar
lunar
[Adjective]

relating to the moon

Ex: She purchased a lunar calendar to track the phases of the moon. 
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meteor
meteor
[noun]

a piece of rock coming from outer space that passes through the Earth's atmosphere, producing light

Ex: We saw a bright meteor streak across the sky during the meteor shower last night. 
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rotation
rotation
[noun]

a single complete circular movement around an axis or along an orbit

Ex: One full rotation of the Earth takes twenty-four hours. 
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axis
axis
[noun]

the central point or line around which an object turns

Ex: The Earth spins on its axis once every twenty-four hours. 
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weightless
weightless
[Adjective]

having or seeming to have no or little weight, caused by the absence of gravity

Ex: Objects inside the spacecraft become weightless once it reaches orbit around the Earth. 
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mission
mission
[noun]

an operation carried out in space

Ex: The Apollo 11 mission successfully landed astronauts on the Moon in 1969. 
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booster
booster
[noun]

a rocket that gives a spacecraft or missile the extra power it needs to leave the Earth's atmosphere

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countdown
countdown
[noun]

the act of counting numbers backwards to zero before the launch of a missile or spacecraft

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probe
probe
[noun]

an unmanned spacecraft or device sent to gather information from space and transmit it back

Ex: The space agency launched a probe to study Mars. 
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to wane
to wane
[Verb]

(of the moon) to gradually decrease in its visible illuminated surface as it progresses from full to new moon

Ex: The moon began to wane after the full moon. 
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to wax
to wax
[Verb]

(of the moon) to progressively display a larger illuminated section until it turns into a full moon

Ex: As the month progressed, the moon began to wax, growing from a thin crescent to a full moon. 
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