Medical Science - Examination and Diagnosis

Here you will learn some English words related to examination and diagnosis, such as "ultrasound", "endoscopy", and "biopsy".

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Medical Science
biopsy [noun]

the process of removing and analyzing tissue from the body of a sick person to learn more about their condition

Ex: The results of the skin biopsy revealed abnormal cells , prompting further tests to diagnose melanoma .

a medical examination in which a small amount of blood is taken from a person to find out if they have any diseases or health conditions

Ex: He had a blood test to determine if he had any food allergies .
CT scan [noun]

a medical examination during which a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body is created by the use of a computer linked to an X-ray machine

the identification of the nature and cause of an illness or other problem

Ex: Her diagnosis revealed a rare autoimmune disorder .

a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses sound waves to look at tissues and organs inside the chest, particularly the heart

the process of looking closely at something to identify any issues

Ex: The doctor performed an examination to check for any signs of infection .

a detailed medical examination in which a person is tested to find out any diseases or disorders

medical [noun]

a careful and complete physical assessment of a person's health

a professional opinion regarding the likely course of an illness

Ex: The prognosis for patients with untreated tuberculosis can be poor if the infection spreads to vital organs .
sample [noun]

a small amount of a substance taken from a larger amount used for scientific analysis or therapeutic experiment

Ex: The doctor requested a urine sample to check for signs of infection .
scan [noun]

a medical test during which data is obtained by the images produced using a sensing device that examines organs or regions of the body

Ex: The ultrasound scan revealed the baby 's position in the womb .
screen [noun]

a systematic procedure used to detect the presence of a disease or condition in an individual or population

Ex: The screen process helps detect problems early .

a medical procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is used to check the inside of the colon for health reasons

Ex: People over 50 commonly undergo colonoscopy .

a medical laboratory test used to measure amylase enzyme levels in blood or urine for diagnosing pancreatic conditions

Ex: The amylase test is commonly performed as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel to evaluate digestive health and detect abnormalities in enzyme levels .

a medical imaging technique that assesses tissue elasticity, aiding in the identification of abnormalities without invasive procedures

a medical procedure using a colposcope to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for cervical conditions or cancer screening

specimen [noun]

a small amount of something such as urine, blood, etc. that is taken for examination

Ex:
stool [noun]

a piece of solid waste evacuated from the bowels

test [noun]

a medical examination of the body or a part of body to detect possible health issues

Ex: He had a series of heart tests to determine the cause of his chest pain .

the application of ultrasonic waves for medical purposes, such as producing an image of a growing fetus

the recording or display of the electrical activity of someone's heart that is measured by an electrocardiograph

Ex: She had an electrocardiogram to monitor her heart function .
X-ray [noun]

an image of the inside of a body created using X-rays

Ex:

a diagnostic method for assessing muscle and nerve function by recording their electrical activity

Ex: Electromyography is a valuable diagnostic tool for physicians .

real-time X-ray imaging for diagnostics and interventions

Ex:

a procedure using a thin tube to examine the uterus visually

Ex: During hysteroscopy , healthcare professionals examine the interior of the uterus .

a diagnostic imaging method using contrast dye to visualize spinal cord abnormalities

Ex: Experiencing myelography was an important step in understanding my spinal health .

a laboratory technique used to amplify DNA for various applications in medical diagnostics, genetic testing, and research

a diagnostic tool that confirms if someone is pregnant by checking for a hormone called hCG

Ex: Taking the pregnancy test was a significant and emotional moment for me .

a non-invasive assessment of visual acuity and eye health to detect potential vision problems or eye disorders

positive [adjective]

(of a scientific test) showing that a particular substance or condition exists

Ex: The lab report showed positive findings for the presence of heavy metals in the water supply .
negative [adjective]

(of a scientific test) showing that there is no sign of a disease or a particular condition

Ex: After conducting a thorough examination , the veterinarian confirmed that the fecal sample tested negative for parasites in the dog .

a test to assess the heart's function and performance during physical activity or stress

a diagnostic examination that analyzes a person's fecal sample to assess digestive health and detect abnormalities or infections

Ex: Stool tests are crucial for diagnosing and preventing digestive problems .

a neurodiagnostic technique that records brain electrical activity using scalp electrodes to assess function and detect abnormalities

Ex:
autopsy [noun]

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

Ex: My family agreed to an autopsy to understand the cause of our loved one 's sudden death .

an X-ray for early detection of breast cancer and abnormalities

Ex: Results from a mammogram aid in diagnosing breast conditions .

an X-ray imaging technique used to screen and detect breast abnormalities, including early signs of cance

Ex: Routine mammography is essential for women 's health maintenance .
PET scan [noun]

a medical imaging technique that uses radioactive tracers to visualize body functions

a diagnostic test used to assess the health and function of facial nerves by measuring their electrical signals

a diagnostic test used to evaluate the health and function of nerves by measuring their electrical signals

a medical procedure using a flexible tube with a light and camera to examine internal organs

Ex: The lighted camera in endoscopy helps in identifying and treating medical issues .

a procedure using a flexible tube with a camera to examine the stomach through the mouth

Ex: Medical guidelines often recommend gastroscopy for accurate stomach assessments .

a diagnostic procedure that involves examining the larynx with a laryngoscope to assess health and function

an examination of the inside of the eye using a specialized instrument called an ophthalmoscope

Ex: Healthcare professionals use ophthalmoscopy to assess retinal and optic nerve health .

a medical procedure using a thin, lighted tube to examine your lower bowel for growths or other problems

Ex: Going through sigmoidoscopy was a crucial step in addressing and managing my digestive concerns .

a diagnostic procedure that involves using contrast dye and X-ray imaging to assess the aorta's health and function

a diagnostic procedure that uses contrast dye and imaging to assess the health and function of the heart's ventricles

a medical imaging technique that uses sound waves to create real-time images for diagnostic purposes

Ex: The doctor used ultrasonography to confirm twins during my early pregnancy scan .

a balance test that measures how well someone can maintain stability during changing sensory input, used to assess vestibular function and postural control

the examination and analysis of cells to diagnose diseases and detect abnormalities

any X-ray examination of the brain during which the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain ventricles is replaced by air or another gas that acts as a contrast medium

a test to assess middle ear function by measuring eardrum movement in response to air pressure changes

the process of obtaining images of the body's anatomy using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation

the medical procedures and tests during pregnancy to detect potential fetal health issues

Ex: Medical guidelines recommend routine prenatal diagnosis for optimal fetal health monitoring .

a diagnostic procedure that involves analyzing an individual's DNA to identify specific genetic mutations, variations, or abnormalities

a medical examination that employs imaging technologies to visualize and diagnose diseases within the body

Ex: Radiology is continually evolving with advancements in imaging technology .

a hands-on medical examination to assess the characteristics of underlying structures in the body

Ex: Medical practitioners rely on palpation as part of routine clinical examinations .
checkup [noun]

a complete medical examination of the body to see if there are any health issues

Ex: It 's important to have a regular checkup to maintain optimal health .

a non-invasive technique that uses near-infrared light to study functional processes in biological tissues by measuring changes in tissue absorption and scattering

a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that measures the random motion of water molecules in tissues, providing information about the structural integrity and cellular organization of the examined tissue

a technique that measures the decay time of fluorescence emitted by fluorophores, providing information about molecular interactions, environmental conditions, and cellular processes in biological samples

a substance used in medical imaging that enhances the visualization of specific tissues or processes, aiding in the accurate diagnosis and assessment of various medical conditions

the non-invasive visualization and tracking of biological processes or events using the emission of light by living organisms or their genetically modified components

a technique that involves the detection and monitoring of changes in intracellular calcium levels in living cells or organisms, providing insights into various physiological and biochemical processes

a scientific technique that utilizes specialized instruments and optics to magnify and visualize objects or specimens at a microscopic level, enabling the study of detailed structures, cellular components, and biological processes

the visualization and analysis of molecular and cellular processes in living organisms for disease detection, molecular tracking, and therapeutic evaluation

Pap test [noun]

a gynecological screening test to find early signs of cancer in a woman's neck of the womb

Ex:

a non-invasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to generate real-time images of internal organs, tissues, and blood flow