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Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic) - Graphs and Figures

Here you will learn some English words about graphs and figures, such as "horizontal", "diagram", "depict", etc. that are needed for the IELTS exam.

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Words for Academic IELTS
bar chart
bar chart
[noun]

a graphical display of information consisting of narrow rectangular lines whose heights depend on the value that they are representing

Ex: The bar chart compared the sales of different products last year. 
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bar graph
bar graph
[noun]

a diagram in which the quantities of variables are represented by the heights of the columns to make the comparison easier or doable

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diagram
diagram
[noun]

a graphic design intended to explain something

Ex: The teacher used a diagram to explain the structure of the cell. 
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flow chart

a graphic representation of the step-by-step sequence of functions in a computer program

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flow diagram

a diagram representing the dynamic relationships and processes in a system

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pie chart
pie chart
[noun]

a graphical display of the difference between the parts of a whole shown by dividing a circle into several segments

Ex: The pie chart showed that 40% of our budget is allocated to marketing. 
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table
table
[noun]

a set of facts and figures arranged in rows and columns in a systematic order

Ex: The research paper included a table comparing GDP growth across 10 countries. 
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axis
axis
[noun]

the central point or line around which an object turns

Ex: The Earth spins on its axis once every twenty-four hours. 
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horizontal
horizontal
[Adjective]

positioned across and parallel to the ground and not up or down

Ex: The table was adorned with horizontal stripes. 
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vertical
vertical
[Adjective]

positioned at a right angle to the horizon or ground, typically moving up or down

Ex: The skyscraper's vertical lines gave it a sleek and modern appearance. 
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column
column
[noun]

an arrangement of a set of figures or information in a vertical way

Ex: The column labeled "Revenue" showed the company's earnings for each quarter. 
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row
row
[noun]

a group of people or objects placed in a line

Ex: The students sat in a row during the assembly, listening attentively to the guest speaker. 
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key
key
[noun]

a list of symbols that accompanies a table, map, etc. as a reference for further explanation

Ex: The map's key showed what each symbol represented, such as parks, rivers, and roads. 
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segment
segment
[noun]

one of several pieces or parts that together form a complete object

Ex: The puzzle was missing a segment. 
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step
step
[noun]

a stage in a process or a grade in a scale

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to depict
to depict
[Verb]

to represent or show something or someone by a work of art

Ex: The painting depicts a serene landscape, with rolling hills and a tranquil river winding through the valley. 
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to represent

to be an image, sign, symbol, etc. of something

Ex: The national flag represents the unity of the country. 
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chart
chart
[noun]

an information sheet in the form of a graph, diagram, or table that is easy to understand

Ex: The chart displayed the company's sales performance over the last quarter. 
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coordinate

any set of numbers that represents an exact position on a map or graph

Ex: The GPS coordinates 35.6895° N, 139.6917° E lead to Tokyo. 
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cross section

the non-empty area formed by the intersection of a solid object in three-dimensional space and a plane, or the corresponding concept in higher-dimensional spaces

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curve
curve
[noun]

a line on a graph or chart representing a set of data

Ex: The curve on the graph showed rising temperatures over the year. 
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design
design
[noun]

the act or process of drawing or making an outline or sketch in order to show how something works or how it is built

Ex: The car's design was inspired by nature. 
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flip chart

a chart with large sheets of paper that are joined on top and can be used for representations by turning each page

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graph
graph
[noun]

a visual representation of the relationship between quantities, shown as points plotted relative to axes

Ex: The teacher drew a graph to show the students' test scores. 
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graphical
graphical
[Adjective]

formed like or relating to a graph

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histogram
histogram
[noun]

a diagram consisting of bars with different heights that represent the amount of a variable

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spreadsheet

a computer program used for calculating data, especially financial data

Ex: The accountant used a spreadsheet to track expenses, revenue, and profits for the fiscal year. 
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tree diagram

a graph that shows connections, relationships or processes with a branched structure

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tabular
tabular
[Adjective]

(of data) arranged or presented in rows and columns that form a table

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Venn diagram

a diagram consisting of circles that represent mathematical or logical sets showing shared features in overlapping areas

Ex: For my project, I created a Venn diagram to compare the benefits of public transportation and cycling. 
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block graph

a simple diagram in which units of data are represented by blocks

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Gantt chart

a chart that represents a project schedule using horizontal lines

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line graph

a graphical display of the relationship between two points connected to each other by lines

Ex: A line graph shows how something changes over time. 
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pictograph

a diagram that displays information or statistics using pictures

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