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Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic) - Society

Here you will learn some English words about society, such as "citizen", "rank", "peer", etc. that are needed for the IELTS exam.

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Words for Academic IELTS
citizen
citizen
[noun]

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

Ex: The law applies to all citizens, regardless of their background .
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class
class
[noun]

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

Ex: He was born into an upper class family.
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diversity
diversity
[noun]

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

Ex: The school 's commitment to diversity is shown through its inclusive curriculum and extracurricular activities .
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ethnic
ethnic
[Adjective]

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

Ex: Ethnic music and dance performances entertain audiences with their rhythmic beats and expressive movements.
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middle class

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

Ex: Middle-class children usually have access to schooling and healthcare.
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minority
minority
[noun]

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

Ex: He is researching the history of minority communities in the area .
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monarch
monarch
[noun]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

Ex: He collected coins and stamps featuring images of various historical monarchs.
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racism
racism
[noun]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .
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rank
rank
[noun]

a person's position within a social hierarchy or class

Ex: Rank influenced who could sit in certain sections of the theater.
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sociology
sociology
[noun]

the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior

Ex: The study of sociology can help one understand why some social issues persist over time .
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lower class

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

Ex: Health services are often less available to the lower class.
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anthropology

the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

Ex: Biological anthropology explores human evolution , genetics , and physical adaptations through the study of fossils , primates , and modern human populations .
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citizenship

the legal status of being a member of a certain country

Ex: Dual citizenship allows individuals to hold legal status and enjoy rights in more than one country simultaneously , offering greater flexibility and opportunities .
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civic
civic
[Adjective]

officially relating to or connected with a city or town

Ex: She volunteers for various civic projects .
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demographic

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

Ex: Companies often tailor their products to appeal to a specific demographic.
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peer
peer
[noun]

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

Ex: Despite being new to the company , she quickly established herself as a peer to her colleagues through hard work and expertise .
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senior citizen

an old person, especially someone who is retired

Ex: The new policy aims to improve healthcare access for senior citizens across the country .
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inferior
inferior
[Adjective]

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

Ex: The team 's performance was deemed inferior to the competing teams in the tournament .
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superior
superior
[Adjective]

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

Ex: The superior diplomat represents the country in high-level international negotiations .
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generation

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

Ex: Cultural changes often occur as one generation passes on traditions and values to the next .
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race
race
[noun]

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

Ex: Despite advances in understanding human genetics , race continues to play a significant role in society , influencing everything from social interactions to access to resources .
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upper class

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

Ex: The lifestyle of the upper class is different from other social groups .
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working class

a social class that consists of people with low incomes who do manual or industrial work

Ex: Politicians often address the concerns of the working class.
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bigot
bigot
[noun]

a person who holds strong opinions about race, religion or politics and is intolerable of differing views

Ex: Efforts to promote inclusivity were often met with resistance from the bigot in the organization .
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elite
elite
[noun]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

Ex: He aspired to join the intellectual elite of the academic world .
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feminism
feminism
[noun]

the movement that supports equal rights and opportunities for women and men

Ex: Modern feminism addresses social , political , and economic inequalities .
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human right

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

Ex: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights , adopted by the United Nations in 1948 , outlines basic human rights such as the right to life , liberty , and security of person .
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majority
majority
[noun]

the larger part or number of a given set or group

Ex: A majority of residents expressed concerns about the proposed construction project .
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