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Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - War and Peace

Here you will learn some English words about war and peace, such as "action", "clash", "navy", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
civil war
[noun]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political , social , or economic differences within a nation .
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conflict
[noun]

a military clash between two nations or countries, usually one that lasts long

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action
[noun]

the act of fighting a war or battle

Ex: Diplomats worked to end the action that had devastated the region .
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clash
[noun]

a serious argument between two sides caused by their different views and beliefs

Ex: The board meeting ended abruptly due to clash among the members about the future direction of the company .
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combat
[noun]

a fight between different military forces during a war

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to defend
[Verb]

to not let any harm come to someone or something

Ex: The antivirus software is programmed defend the computer from malicious attacks .
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to desert
[Verb]

to leave the army, navy, etc. without permission or without fulfilling one's obligations

Ex: She decided desert her homeland army and seek a new life in another country .
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civilian
[noun]

a person who is not a member of or not on active duty in armed forces or the police

Ex: The report detailed the impact of the war on civilians.
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military
[Adjective]

related to the armed forces or soldiers

Ex: He wrote a book military history .
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navy
[noun]

the branch of the armed forces that operates at sea using warships, destroyers, etc.

Ex: navy's submarines play a vital role in national defense and surveillance .
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air force
[noun]

the branch of the armed forces that operates in the air using fighter aircraft

Ex: air force's precision airstrikes helped to disable key enemy installations .
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armed
[Adjective]

equipped with weapons or firearms

Ex: armed ship patrolled the waters to protect against piracy .
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to find people to join the armed forces

Ex: The general recruited elite soldiers for the secret mission .
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to enlist
[Verb]

to recruit or engage an individual for service in the military

Ex: The military commander enlisted a diverse group of individuals , each contributing unique skills to the service .
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warfare
[noun]

involvement in war, particularly using certain methods or weapons

Ex: warfare tactics were employed by the resistance to effectively harass and undermine the occupying forces .
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to deploy
[Verb]

to position soldiers or equipment for military action

Ex: After the briefing , the deployed his soldiers to various strategic points .
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to rebel
[Verb]

to oppose a ruler or government

Ex: The group of activists aims to inspire others rebel against systemic injustice .
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to occupy
[Verb]

to come to power and control in a place using military force

Ex: The general orchestrated a plan occupy major communication centers , ensuring control over information flow during the takeover .
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to invade
[Verb]

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

Ex: Governments around the world are currently considering whether invade or pursue diplomatic solutions .
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to strike
[Verb]

to launch a planned and forceful attack against an enemy or target

Ex: The fleet moved in position strike the coastline of the occupied territory .
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curfew
[noun]

an order or law that prohibits people from going outside after a specific time, particularly at night

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the process of keeping a community safe and stopping the violence

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rescue
[noun]

the action or process of saving someone or something

Ex: rescue mission to retrieve the stranded hikers was successful , bringing them back safely .
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retreat
[noun]

an act of moving away from a place of conflict duo to danger or defeat

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to give up resistance or stop fighting against an enemy or opponent

Ex: The general surrenders to avoid unnecessary conflict .
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casualty
[noun]

someone who is killed or wounded during a war or an accident

Ex: The humanitarian organization released a statement highlighting the casualty numbers in the war-torn area , calling for immediate international assistance .
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general
[noun]

a high-ranking officer in the army, Air Force, or Marines

Ex: general received numerous accolades for his service , including the Medal of Honor , the highest military decoration .
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major
[noun]

a middle-ranking officer in the armed forces

Ex: She admired major's dedication and professionalism , traits that made him a respected leader among his peers .
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veteran
[noun]

a former member of the armed forces who has fought in a war

Ex: She visited the VA hospital regularly to volunteer her time and veterans in need .
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spy
[noun]

someone who is employed by a government to obtain secret information on another person, country, company, etc.

Ex: spy carefully evaded surveillance while gathering details on a confidential project .
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arms
[noun]

weapons in general, especially those used by the military

Ex: Soldiers were trained extensively in the use of arms before being deployed to the front lines .
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explosive
[noun]

a chemical substance that can cause explosion

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blast
[noun]

an explosion of something

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warship
[noun]

a ship that is made for war and has weapons

Ex: The navy deployed a warship to strengthen its maritime security .
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missile
[noun]

an explosive weapon capable of hitting a target over long distances, which can be controlled remotely

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mine
[noun]

a piece of military equipment that is put on or just under the ground or in the sea, which explodes when it is touched

Ex: The soldiers carefully navigated the area , aware of the mines.
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fatality
[noun]

a death resulting from violence or accident

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ally
[noun]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

Ex: As ally, they agreed to assist in military operations and share intelligence .
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alliance
[noun]

a group of people, organizations, or political parties working together toward their common interests

Ex: The alliance between the two tech companies led to groundbreaking innovations .
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to gain control of a place or people using armed forces

Ex: Throughout history , powerful empires sought conquer new lands .
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