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Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - Time and History

Here you will learn some English words about time and history, such as "century", "decade", "eternity", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL

marking the years before Christ's supposed birth

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era
[noun]

a period of history marked by particular features or events

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a period of one thousand years, usually calculated from the year of the birth of Jesus Christ

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millennial
[Adjective]

relating to a time span of a thousand years

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century
[noun]

a period of one hundred years

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decade
[noun]

ten years of time

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age
[noun]

a period of history identified with a particular event

Ex: age of agriculture saw the development of farming techniques and settlement growth .
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chronological
[Adjective]

organized according to the order that the events occurred in

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eternity
[noun]

time that is endless

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eventual
[Adjective]

happening at the end of a process or a particular period of time

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annually
[Adverb]

in a way that happens once every year

Ex: The garden show takes annually.
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biannual
[Adjective]

taking place twice a year

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indefinitely
[Adverb]

for an unspecified period of time

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subsequently
[Adverb]

after a particular event or time

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at exactly the same time

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beforehand
[Adverb]

at an earlier time

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frequently
[Adverb]

regularly and with short time in between

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instantly
[Adverb]

with no delay and at once

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former
[Adjective]

referring to the first of two things mentioned

Ex: After evaluating two investment strategies , they opted for former approach as it promised more consistent returns .
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latter
[Adjective]

referring to the second of two things mentioned

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leap year
[noun]

a year in every four years that has 366 days instead of 365

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seasonal
[Adjective]

typical or customary for a specific time of year

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solstice
[noun]

either of the two times of the year when the sun reaches its farthest or closest distance from the equator

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continual
[Adjective]

happening repeatedly or continuously in an annoying or problematic way

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dusk
[noun]

the time after sun sets that is not yet completely dark

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later on
[Adverb]

after the time mentioned or in the future

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prehistoric
[Adjective]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

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primitive
[Adjective]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

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a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

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medieval
[Adjective]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

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a period of great prosperity and success, particularly in the past

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archive
[noun]

a place or a collection of records or documents of historical importance

Ex: archive of the newspaper provides a valuable resource for studying local history and events .
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origin
[noun]

the point or place where something has its foundation or beginning

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anno Domini
[Adverb]

used to refer to a date that is after the birth of Jesus Christ

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monument
[noun]

a place or building that is historically important

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Common Era
[Adverb]

used with a date to refer to things happened or existed after the birth of Christ

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