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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - 语言与语法

在这里,您将学习一些与语言和语法相关的英语单词,这些单词是基础学术雅思考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
word
word
[名词]

(grammar) a unit of language that has a specific meaning

词, 单词

词, 单词

Ex: Understanding every word in a sentence helps with comprehension. 
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sentence
sentence
[名词]

a group of words that forms a statement, question, exclamation, or instruction, usually containing a verb

句子, 语句

句子, 语句

Ex: To improve your English, try to practice writing a sentence each day. 
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grammar
grammar
[名词]

the system and study of rules governing how words change and combine to form sentences in a language

语法,  文法

语法, 文法

Ex: This book explains the basic rules of Spanish grammar. 
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phrase
phrase
[名词]

a group of words put together in a meaningful way

短语, 表达

短语, 表达

Ex: She was confused by the phrase "break a leg," until she learned it's a way to wish someone good luck. 
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verb
verb
[名词]

a word or group of words that expresses an action, state, occurrence, or experience

Ex: Sarah underlined the verb in each sentence. 
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noun
noun
[名词]

a word that is used to name a person, thing, event, state, etc.

名词, 名字

名词, 名字

Ex: Pronouns are used to replace nouns in sentences to avoid repetition. 

代词用于替换句子中的名词以避免重复。

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adjective
adjective
[名词]

a type of word that describes a noun

形容词, 修饰词

形容词, 修饰词

Ex: Learning the correct placement of an adjective in a sentence is important in English grammar. 

学习形容词在句子中的正确位置在英语语法中很重要。

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adverb
adverb
[名词]

a word that gives more information about a verb, adjective, or another adverb

副词, 一个提供更多关于动词、形容词或其他副词信息的词

副词, 一个提供更多关于动词、形容词或其他副词信息的词

Ex: In English, an adverb often modifies a verb to give us more information about the action. 

在英语中,副词经常修饰动词,为我们提供更多关于动作的信息。

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pronoun
pronoun
[名词]

(grammar) a word that can replace a noun or noun phrase, such as she, it, they, etc.

代词, 可以替代名词或名词短语的词

代词, 可以替代名词或名词短语的词

Ex: Using the correct pronoun is important for clarity in writing and speaking. 

使用正确的代词对于写作和口语的清晰度很重要。

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article
article
[名词]

(grammar) any type of determiner that shows whether we are referring to a particular thing or a general example of something

冠词

冠词

Ex: She struggled with choosing the correct article when writing about general and specific subjects. 
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preposition
preposition
[名词]

(grammar) a word that comes before a noun or pronoun to indicate location, direction, time, manner, or the relationship between two objects

介词, 关系词

介词, 关系词

Ex: She struggled with prepositions in English because they often don't translate directly from her native language. 

她在英语的介词上遇到了困难,因为它们通常不能从她的母语直接翻译过来。

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conjugation
conjugation
[名词]

a list or an arrangement of inflected forms of a verb

变位, 变位表

变位, 变位表

Ex: He struggled with the conjugation of irregular verbs in the past tense. 

他在过去时态中与不规则动词的变位作斗争。

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tense
tense
[名词]

a grammatical form or category that indicates the time of an action or state

时态,  时

时态, 时

Ex: Students often confuse the past tense with the present perfect. 
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idiom
idiom
[名词]

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

习语, 成语

习语, 成语

Ex: When someone says 'it's raining cats and dogs,' they're using an idiom to describe very heavy rain, not an actual downpour of animals. 

当有人说'下倾盆大雨'时,他们是在用习语来描述非常大的雨,而不是真正的动物雨。

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part of speech

(grammar) any of the grammatical classes that words are categorized into, based on their usage in a sentence

Ex: When learning a new language, it's essential to understand each word's part of speech. 
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proverb
proverb
[名词]

a well-known statement or phrase that expresses a general truth or gives advice

谚语, 格言

谚语, 格言

Ex: The proverb 'A stitch in time saves nine' advises that addressing problems early can prevent them from becoming larger issues. 

谚语'及时一针省九针'建议及早解决问题可以防止它们变成更大的问题。

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punctuation
punctuation
[名词]

the use of marks such as a period, comma, etc. in writing to divide sentences and phrases to better convey meaning

标点符号

标点符号

Ex: Proper punctuation is essential for making your writing clear and easy to understand. 

标点符号对于使您的写作清晰易懂至关重要。

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voice
voice
[名词]

(grammar) the form of a verb that indicates whether the subject does something or something is done to it

语态, 动词的语态

语态, 动词的语态

Ex: Understanding when to use active or passive voice is an important aspect of writing effectively and communicating ideas clearly in English grammar. 
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vocabulary
vocabulary
[名词]

all the words used in a particular language, field, or subject

Ex: The vocabulary of modern English continues to change as new words appear. 
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translation
translation
[名词]

the process of expressing written or spoken material in another language while preserving its meaning

翻译

翻译

Ex: Emma works in translation for an international organization. 
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dictionary
dictionary
[名词]

a book or digital resource that lists words and explains their meanings or gives their equivalents in another language

词典,  字典

词典, 字典

Ex: She bought an English-Persian dictionary. 
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spelling
spelling
[名词]

the act or the ability of putting letters in the correct order to form a word

拼写, 拼法

拼写, 拼法

Ex: He practiced his spelling every night to improve his language skills. 
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antonym
antonym
[名词]

a word or phrase that has an opposite or contrasting meaning to another word or phrase

反义词, 对义词

反义词, 对义词

Ex: In the vocabulary test, I had to match each word with its antonym. 

在词汇测试中,我必须将每个单词与其反义词匹配。

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synonym
synonym
[名词]

a word or phrase that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word or phrase in the same language

同义词, 等效词

同义词, 等效词

Ex: He used a synonym to make his sentence sound more varied. 

他用了同义词让他的句子听起来更多样化。

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