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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Chemical & Material Processes

Learn advanced CAE vocabulary for chemical and material processes, including reactions, substances, compounds, transformation, production, and changes in materials.

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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)
to accelerate

to increase the velocity of something

Ex: The physicist designed an experiment to study how magnetic fields can accelerate charged particles to high velocities. 
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to dissolve

to become incorporated into a liquid and form a solution

Ex: Sugar dissolves quickly in hot coffee. 
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aluminum
aluminum
[noun]

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

Ex: The new set of aluminum cookware is both lightweight and highly resistant to corrosion, making it perfect for the kitchen. 
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copper
copper
[noun]

a reddish-brown metallic chemical element that conducts heat and electricity well and is widely used in electrical wiring and alloys

Ex: Copper is widely used in electrical wiring. 
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lead
lead
[noun]

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

Ex: Historically, lead was commonly used in plumbing systems due to its malleability and corrosion resistance. 
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gunpowder
gunpowder
[noun]

a type of powder that is explosive, used in making bullets, bombs, etc.

Ex: Gunpowder, also known as black powder, is a mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur. 
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dynamite
dynamite
[noun]

an explosive that is very powerful

Ex: Dynamite is an explosive material consisting of nitroglycerin absorbed in an inert substance, typically sawdust or clay. 
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laser
laser
[noun]

a device that produces a narrow, intense beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation, usually light

Ex: The technician calibrated the laser before the experiment. 
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generator
generator
[noun]

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

Ex: The hydroelectric generator harnesses the power of flowing water to produce electricity for nearby communities. 
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to evaporate

to become gas or vapor from liquid

Ex: Water can evaporate when exposed to heat. 
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explosive
explosive
[noun]

a substance or material capable of producing an explosion

Ex: Police discovered a large quantity of explosive in the abandoned warehouse. 
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to extract

to take something out from something else, particularly when it is not easy to do

Ex: The dentist had to extract a damaged tooth to relieve the patient's pain. 
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lining
lining
[noun]

an inner protective layer applied to the interior surface of an object to shield it from wear, moisture, or damage

Ex: The car's engine compartment had a heat-resistant lining to shield sensitive components. 
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component
component
[noun]

a part that combines with others to form a larger whole, often separable and functional within a system

Ex: The motherboard is a key component of a computer. 
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toxin
toxin
[noun]

a poisonous substance, especially one produced by living organisms, that can cause harm or illness when introduced into a living organism

Ex: The snake's venom contained potent toxins that could be lethal to its prey. 
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residue
residue
[noun]

a small remaining amount or part of a thing after it has been taken, used, etc.

Ex: The chemist found a residue of chemicals left in the test tube after the experiment was completed. 
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toxicant
toxicant
[noun]

a chemical substance that is harmful or poisonous to living organisms

Ex: The chemical spill released a potent toxicant into the river, endangering aquatic life and contaminating drinking water. 
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disintegration

the process or state of breaking apart or losing structural integrity

Ex: The body was found in an advanced state of disintegration. 
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