haunch
nounthe inclined or sloping portion of an arch, beam, or lintel that provides additional support and stability to the structure, typically located near the springing point or the midpoint of the span
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keystone
nouna stone located at the top center of an arch, keeping all the other stones together
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crown
nounthe decorative topmost part of a building, typically located at the roofline or the highest point of a structure
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voussoir
nouna wedge-shaped stone or masonry unit that is used to construct an arch or a vault
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extrados
nounthe outer or upper surface of an arch, vault, or similar curved structural element
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springer
nounthe lowest voussoir, or wedge-shaped stone, of an arch or vault that rests on the impost or support
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rise
nounthe vertical distance or height between the springing point and the highest point of the arch
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impost
nounthe uppermost horizontal element or block that supports the weight of an arch or vault
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springing point
nounthe point on a structure where an arch or vault begins to curve or rise
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springing line
nounan imaginary horizontal line that connects the springing points of a series of arches or vaults
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intrados
nounthe inner or lower curve of an arch or vault
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span
nounthe area between two supports of a bridge or arch
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triangular arch
nouna self-supporting structure formed by two diagonal members meeting at an apex, creating a triangular shape between two supports
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corbel arch
nounan architectural arch created by projecting and overlapping stones or bricks that gradually step inward until they meet at the top, forming a curved structure without the use of a central support
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flat arch
nouna horizontal or near-horizontal beam supported by vertical supports, commonly used to span openings in construction
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Roman arch
nouna semicircular architectural element that was widely used in ancient Roman buildings, known for its structural stability and iconic design
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horseshoe arch
nouna U-shaped architectural element with inward-curving ends, often seen in Islamic and Moorish architecture, prized for its aesthetic beauty
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trefoil arch
nouna pointed arch with three overlapping cusps or lobes at the top, commonly seen in Gothic architecture for its decorative and intricate design
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lancet arch
nouna narrow, pointed arch shape commonly used in Gothic architecture
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segmental arch
nounan architectural element that forms a partial curve, resembling a segment of a circle, and is commonly used to span openings such as doors and windows
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ogee arch
nounan architectural element that features a double-curvature shape, characterized by two opposite curves meeting at a point
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triumphal arch
nouna monumental architectural structure, often with a large central arch and smaller side arches, designed to commemorate and celebrate significant events or military victories
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three-centered arch
nouna gently curved architectural element with three distinct centers of curvature, commonly used in Renaissance and Gothic Revival styles for its aesthetic appeal
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elliptical arch
nounan architectural element characterized by a smoothly curved shape that resembles an elongated ellipse, often used in classical and neoclassical architecture
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reverse ogee arch
nounan architectural element that features a concave curve at the top and a convex curve at the bottom, forming an inverted "S" shape
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Tudor arch
nouna wide, flattened pointed arch commonly found in Tudor and Elizabethan architecture, adding a distinctively elegant and decorative touch to buildings
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parabolic arch
nouna curved architectural element shaped like a parabola, known for its structural strength and aesthetically pleasing design
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ogive
nouna curved or pointed arch-like element that has a smooth, continuous curve without any sharp angles
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pointed arch
nounan architectural element characterized by a sharp, pointed shape formed by two curved segments that meet at the apex
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gothic rib vault
nounan architectural construction that consists of a series of intersecting stone ribs that form a skeletal framework supporting the vaulted ceiling
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rib vault
nounan architectural feature that consists of a series of arched ribs or arches that intersect to form a structural framework supporting a vaulted ceiling
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fan vault
nounan architectural feature characterized by a complex network of stone ribs radiating from a central point, creating a fan-like pattern in the ceiling or vault
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barrel vault
nouna long, continuous, and semi-cylindrical arched ceiling often found in Roman, Byzantine, and Romanesque architecture, providing structural support and creating spacious interiors
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groin vault
nounan architectural element formed by the intersection of two barrel vaults, commonly seen in Gothic and Renaissance architecture for structural strength and aesthetic appeal
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cloister vault
nouna ribbed architectural feature with intersecting stone ribs, commonly seen in cloisters and monastic buildings, offering both structural support and decorative elements
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annular vault
nounan architectural element characterized by a circular or ring-shaped ceiling formed by a series of arches or vaults arranged in a circular pattern
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Catalan vault
nounan architectural feature characterized by a series of thin, self-supporting clay tiles or bricks arranged in a herringbone pattern to create a vaulted ceiling
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abutment
nouna support structure or component that bears the weight and forces of an arch, bridge, or similar structure, typically located at the ends or sides of the structure
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groin
nouna type of ceiling structure that is formed when two rounded vaults intersect at a right angle, commonly used in Gothic architecture
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panel
nouna section of the vaulted surface that is divided or segmented
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secondary rib
nounan additional supporting element that runs parallel to the main ribs or primary arches of the vault
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spandrel
nounthe triangular or curved space between an arch and the surrounding vertical supports, typically filled with decorative elements or panels
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squinch
nouna small arch or corbelled structure that is used to create a smooth transition from a square or polygonal base to a circular or domed shape above
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