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English File - Advanced - Lesson 5B

Here you will find the vocabulary from Lesson 5B in the English File Advanced coursebook, such as "deposit", "budget", "inflation", etc.

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English File - Advanced
money
money
[noun]

something that we use to buy and sell goods and services, can be in the form of coins or paper bills

Ex: I really need to save money to buy a new bicycle. 
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money does not grow on trees

used to imply that money is not easily obtained or available, and one should not waste it unnecessarily

Ex: My parents always reminded me that money does not grow on trees, encouraging me to save and spend wisely. 
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tight-fisted
tight-fisted
[Adjective]

spending or giving money reluctantly

Ex: He’s so tight-fisted that he won’t even tip the waiter. 
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an arm and (a|) leg

a large sum of money

Ex: That new laptop costs an arm and a leg. 
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to [make] (both|) ends meet

to make enough money to pay for one's basic needs

Ex: With rent so high, it is hard to make ends meet. 
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(in|into) the red
in the red
[phrase]

in debt due to spending more than one's earnings

Ex: After months of overspending, the company slipped into the red. 
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in the black
in the black
[phrase]

used to refer to something, particularly a bank account, that is providing one with a considerable amount of profit

Ex: After years of losses, the company is finally in the black. 
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rip-off
rip-off
[noun]

something that costs a lot more than its real value

Ex: The concert tickets were a complete rip-off, costing twice as much as last year. 
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to [tighten] {one's} belt

to lessen the amount of money or resources one uses compared to before, particularly due to having less available

Ex: After losing his job, he had to tighten his belt. 
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to [live] beyond {one's} means

to spend in a way that exceeds one's income

Ex: He bought a car he couldn't afford; he's living beyond his means. 
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budget
budget
[noun]

a specific amount of money set aside for a particular use

Ex: The project has a strict budget for equipment. 
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deposit
deposit
[noun]

a sum of money that is paid before paying a total amount, particularly when buying something that is expensive

Ex: To secure the apartment, they had to pay a deposit of one month's rent upfront. 
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donation
donation
[noun]

something that is voluntarily given to someone or an organization to help them, such as money, food, etc.

Ex: She made a donation to the local animal shelter. 
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fare
fare
[noun]

the amount of money we pay to travel with a bus, taxi, plane, etc.

Ex: She bought a monthly pass to save on daily fare expenses. 
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fee
fee
[noun]

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

Ex: The lawyer's fee for handling the case was quite high. 
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fine
fine
[noun]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

Ex: He had to pay a hefty fine for speeding on the highway. 
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grant
grant
[noun]

an amount of money given by the government or another organization for a specific purpose

Ex: The research team received a grant to fund their study on renewable energy. 
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loan
loan
[noun]

a sum of money that is borrowed from a bank which should be returned with a certain rate of interest

Ex: She took out a loan to buy her first home, which she plans to repay over 30 years. 
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lump sum
lump sum
[noun]

a single, large payment made in full, instead of smaller payments made over time

Ex: After winning the lottery, Sarah chose to receive her prize as a lump sum rather than in annual installments. 
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quote
quote
[noun]

(plural) another way of saying quotation marks

Ex: The teacher instructed the students to use quotes around the dialogue in their stories. 
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will
will
[noun]

a person's intention or desire, especially one that is strong or persistent

Ex: His sheer will to succeed drove him to overcome every obstacle in his path. 
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society
society
[noun]

people in general, considered as an extensive and organized group sharing the same laws

Ex: In modern society, technological advancements have drastically changed the way we communicate and interact. 
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consumer
consumer
[noun]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

Ex: As a consumer, she prefers products that are eco-friendly and sustainable. 
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standard of living

the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.

Ex: Improved infrastructure and healthcare services have contributed to a higher standard of living in urban areas. 
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income
income
[noun]

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

Ex: His primary source of income is his salary from the tech company where he works. 
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inflation
inflation
[noun]

the ongoing increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time

Ex: High inflation reduces the purchasing power of consumers. 
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cost of living

the amount of money required to maintain basic needs and expenses in a particular place or location

Ex: Cities with a high cost of living often offer higher salaries to compensate. 
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to afford
to afford
[Verb]

to be able to pay the cost of something

Ex: If you save consistently, you may eventually afford a house. 
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to manage
to manage
[Verb]

to deal with someone, something, or a situation in a way that keeps it under control

Ex: We have to manage these changes carefully. 
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account
account
[noun]

an arrangement according to which a bank keeps and protects someone's money that can be taken out or added to

Ex: Sarah opened a savings account at the local bank to start saving for her future. 
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balance
balance
[noun]

a state in an account where the total credits exactly equal the total debits, leaving no difference

Ex: After reconciling the books, the accountant confirmed the balance was zero. 
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transfer
transfer
[noun]

the action of taking something from one place to another

Ex: The files were ready for transfer to the new office. 
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payment
payment
[noun]

an amount of money that is paid for something

Ex: His monthly payment for the loan is $200. 
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interest rate

the amount that a lender charges a borrower for the use of money, typically calculated based on the amount of the loan and the length of the borrowing period

Ex: The bank offered a low interest rate on the mortgage, making it an attractive option for homebuyers. 
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debt
debt
[noun]

an amount of money or a favor that is owed

Ex: After years of diligent saving, he finally managed to pay off his student debt. 
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mortgage
mortgage
[noun]

an official contract or arrangement by which a bank gives money to someone as a loan to buy a house and the person agrees to repay the loan over a specified period, usually with interest

Ex: They took out a mortgage to buy their first house in the suburbs. 
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share
share
[noun]

the act of dividing or distributing something among a group of people

Ex: Each member of the team received an equal share of the profits from the successful project. 
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stock market

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

Ex: The stock market experienced a significant drop today, causing investors to worry about their portfolios. 
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currency
currency
[noun]

the type or system of money that is used by a country

Ex: The euro is the official currency of many countries in the European Union. 
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exchange rate

the value of a country's currency compared to another country's currency

Ex: The exchange rate between the dollar and the euro fluctuated significantly this week. 
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bankrupt
bankrupt
[Adjective]

(of organizations or people) legally declared as unable to pay their debts to creditors

Ex: After years of financial mismanagement, the business went bankrupt. 
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recession
recession
[noun]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

Ex: During the recession, many businesses were forced to close, leading to widespread job losses. 
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rich
rich
[Adjective]

owning a great amount of money or things that cost a lot

Ex: He invested wisely and became incredibly rich. 
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affluent
affluent
[Adjective]

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

Ex: The affluent neighborhood was characterized by its luxurious homes and upscale amenities. 
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loaded
loaded
[Adjective]

having a lot of money or financial resources

Ex: He's loaded after selling his company. 
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wealthy
wealthy
[Adjective]

having a large amount of money or valuable possessions

Ex: The wealthy businessman owned several luxury cars and houses. 
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well-off
well-off
[Adjective]

having enough money to cover one's expenses and maintain a desirable lifestyle

Ex: Despite not being wealthy, they were well-off enough to afford a nice vacation every year. 
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poor
poor
[Adjective]

owning a very small amount of money or a very small number of things

Ex: He wanted to help the poor family who were struggling to afford basic necessities like food and clothing. 
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broke
broke
[Adjective]

having little or no financial resources

Ex: I'm broke until payday. 
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hard up
hard up
[Adjective]

experiencing financial difficulties, often lacking money to cover basic expenses

Ex: After losing his job, he found himself hard up and struggling to pay the bills. 
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penniless
penniless
[Adjective]

having no money or financial resources

Ex: She found herself penniless after her business venture failed. 
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grand
grand
[noun]

a thousand units of a currency

Ex: He won five grand in the lottery last night. 
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buck
buck
[noun]

one dollar

Ex: He found a buck on the sidewalk and used it to buy a lottery ticket. 
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quid
quid
[noun]

the currency of the United Kingdom, equivalent to one hundred pence

Ex: He spent a couple of quid on a cup of coffee at the local café. 
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fiver
fiver
[noun]

a piece of paper money worth five dollars that you can use to buy things

Ex: He handed the cashier a fiver and waited for his change. 
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tenner
tenner
[noun]

a banknote with a value of ten units of a currency, typically ten pounds or ten dollars

Ex: He handed over a tenner to pay for the meal and waited for his change. 
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installment

a part of a larger sum of money that is paid in a scheduled series of payments over a specified period of time

Ex: She paid the first installment on her new car, with the remaining balance spread over the next two years. 
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