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English File - Advanced - Lesson 5B

Here you will find the vocabulary from Lesson 5B in the English File Advanced coursebook, such as "deposit", "budget", "inflation", etc.

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English File - Advanced
money
[noun]

something that we use to buy and sell goods and services, can be in the form of coins or paper bills

Ex: She works hard to earn money for her college tuition .
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used to imply that money is not easily obtained or available, and one should not waste it unnecessarily

Ex: She turned down the luxurious vacation proposal, reminding her partner that money does not grow on trees and they needed to be practical.
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tight-fisted
[Adjective]

spending or giving money reluctantly

Ex: Even though he ’s wealthy , he ’s incredibly tight-fisted when it comes to charity .
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a large sum of money

Ex: The wedding ceremony at the exclusive venue was lovely , but it came with a price tag an arm and leg.
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to make enough money to pay for one's basic needs

Ex: He has two jobs just to make ends meet each month.
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in the red
[phrase]

in debt due to spending more than one's earnings

Ex: The restaurant was struggling to attract enough customers, leading to significant losses, and they were operating in the red.
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in the black
[phrase]

used to refer to something, particularly a bank account, that is providing one with a considerable amount of profit

Ex: The organization has been in the black for several quarters now, thanks to a successful cost-cutting initiative.
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rip-off
[noun]

something that costs a lot more than its real value

Ex: Be careful when shopping online ; some deals are just rip-offs with inflated prices .
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to lessen the amount of money or resources one uses compared to before, particularly due to having less available

Ex: With a new baby on the way, they’ve had to tighten their belts and adjust their budget.
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to spend in a way that exceeds one's income

Ex: They bought a luxurious house and expensive cars but couldn't keep up with the mortgage and loans.
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budget
[noun]

the sum of money that is available to a person, an organization, etc. for a particular purpose and the plan according to which it will be spent

Ex: The project ran over budget, leading to cuts in other areas .
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deposit
[noun]

a sum of money that is paid before paying a total amount, particularly when buying something that is expensive

Ex: The travel agency asked for a deposit to confirm their spots on the upcoming cruise .
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donation
[noun]

something that is voluntarily given to someone or an organization to help them, such as money, food, etc.

Ex: They appreciated the generous donation from the community .
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fare
[noun]

the amount of money we pay to travel with a bus, taxi, plane, etc.

Ex: The subway fare increased by 10% this year.
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fee
[noun]

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

Ex: There 's an additional fee if you require expedited shipping for your order .
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fine
[noun]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .
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grant
[noun]

an amount of money given by the government or another organization for a specific purpose

Ex: Startups often rely on grants to support early-stage development before becoming profitable .
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loan
[noun]

a sum of money that is borrowed from a bank which should be returned with a certain rate of interest

Ex: They applied for a loan to expand their business operations .
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lump sum
[noun]

a single, large payment made in full, instead of smaller payments made over time

Ex: Employees who resign from the company often receive a lump sum payment for their unused vacation days upon departure .
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quote
[noun]

(plural) another way of saying quotation marks

Ex: The novelist included quotes from historical figures to add authenticity to the narrative .
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will
[noun]

a person's intention or desire, especially one that is strong or persistent

Ex: His will to make a difference inspired many in his community to take action .
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society
[noun]

people in general, considered as an extensive and organized group sharing the same laws

Ex: Social media has become an integral part of contemporary society, influencing public opinion and communication patterns .
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consumer
[noun]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

Ex: Online reviews play a significant role in helping consumers make informed choices .
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the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.

Ex: Economic policies that promote job creation and income growth can positively impact standard of living for citizens .
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income
[noun]

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

Ex: The couple reviewed their monthly income and expenses to create a more effective budget .
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inflation
[noun]

the ongoing increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time

Ex: Wages failed to keep up with inflation, affecting many households .
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the amount of money required to maintain basic needs and expenses in a particular place or location

Ex: Retirees often move to countries with a cost of living to stretch their savings .
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to afford
[Verb]

to be able to pay the cost of something

Ex: Financial stability allows individuals to afford unexpected expenses without causing hardship .
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to manage
[Verb]

to deal with someone, something, or a situation in a way that keeps it under control

Ex: He knows how to manage the boat in rough waters .
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account
[noun]

an arrangement according to which a bank keeps and protects someone's money that can be taken out or added to

Ex: Tom received an email notification confirming that his account had been credited with the refund amount .
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balance
[noun]

the number showing the difference between the debit and credit sums of an account

Ex: The business maintained a healthy cash balance to cover operational expenses and unforeseen costs .
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transfer
[noun]

the act of moving someone or something from one place, person, or situation to another

Ex: We completed the transfer of the patient to a specialized care facility without any issues .
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payment
[noun]

an amount of money that is paid for something

Ex: The payment for the painting was more than I could afford .
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the amount that a lender charges a borrower for the use of money, typically calculated based on the amount of the loan and the length of the borrowing period

Ex: To save money , they opted for a fixed interest rate on their loan to avoid fluctuations .
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debt
[noun]

an amount of money or a favor that is owed

Ex: He repaid his friend , feeling relieved to be free of the personal debt he had owed for so long .
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mortgage
[noun]

an official contract or arrangement by which a bank gives money to someone as a loan to buy a house and the person agrees to repay the loan over a specified period, usually with interest

Ex: Failure to make mortgage payments on time can lead to foreclosure , where the lender repossesses the property .
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share
[noun]

the act of dividing or distributing something among a group of people

Ex: The siblings divided the inheritance into equal shares to avoid any disputes .
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the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

Ex: The global pandemic had a profound impact on the stock market, leading to volatile fluctuations .
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currency
[noun]

the type or system of money that is used by a country

Ex: The value of the currency dropped significantly after the announcement .
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the value of a country's currency compared to another country's currency

Ex: She monitored the exchange rate closely to get the best deal when transferring money to another country .
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bankrupt
[Adjective]

(of organizations or people) legally declared as unable to pay their debts to creditors

Ex: The bankrupt individual sought financial counseling to manage their debts .
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recession
[noun]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

Ex: Economists predicted that the recession would last for several quarters before signs of recovery would emerge .
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rich
[Adjective]

owning a great amount of money or things that cost a lot

Ex: The rich philanthropist sponsored scholarships for underprivileged students .
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affluent
[Adjective]

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

Ex: The affluent couple donated generously to local charities and cultural institutions .
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loaded
[Adjective]

having a lot of money or financial resources

Ex: His flashy lifestyle suggests that he's loaded with money, but few know the true source of his wealth.
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wealthy
[Adjective]

having a large amount of money or valuable possessions

Ex: The wealthy neighborhood was known for its extravagant mansions and gated communities .
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well-off
[Adjective]

having enough money to cover one's expenses and maintain a desirable lifestyle

Ex: They invested wisely and became well-off in their retirement years .
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poor
[Adjective]

owning a very small amount of money or a very small number of things

Ex: Unforunately , the poor elderly couple relied on government assistance to cover their expenses .
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broke
[Adjective]

having little or no financial resources

Ex: He felt embarrassed admitting to his friends that he was broke and could n't join them for dinner .
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hard up
[Adjective]

experiencing financial difficulties, often lacking money to cover basic expenses

Ex: Even though they were hard up, they managed to find joy in the simple things in life .
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penniless
[Adjective]

having no money or financial resources

Ex: The penniless immigrant worked hard to build a better life for his family .
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grand
[noun]

a thousand units of a currency

Ex: He borrowed three grand from his parents to start his business .
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buck
[noun]

one dollar

Ex: He bet his friend a buck that his favorite team would win the game .
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quid
[noun]

the currency of the United Kingdom, equivalent to one hundred pence

Ex: The concert tickets cost a hundred quid each , but the experience was well worth it .
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fiver
[noun]

a piece of paper money worth five dollars that you can use to buy things

Ex: At the garage sale , she sold an old book for a fiver.
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tenner
[noun]

a banknote with a value of ten units of a currency, typically ten pounds or ten dollars

Ex: He borrowed a tenner from his friend to cover the unexpected expense .
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a part of a larger sum of money that is paid in a scheduled series of payments over a specified period of time

Ex: The artwork was purchased on an installment plan, making it more affordable for the buyer.
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English File - Advanced
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