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IELTS のための語彙 (アカデミック) - 戦争

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「警備」、「武器」、「軍隊」などの戦争に関する英語の単語を学びます。

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Words for Academic IELTS
battle
battle
[名詞]

a fight between opposing armed forces, particularly during a war

戦い, 戦闘

戦い, 戦闘

Ex: He received a medal of honor for his bravery during a fierce battle. 
base
base
[名詞]

a place with buildings and facilities for military operations and activities

基地, 軍事基地

基地, 軍事基地

Ex: The commander held a meeting at the base before the mission. 
to explode
to explode
[動詞]

to burst apart violently and usually with a loud noise

爆発する, 破裂する

爆発する, 破裂する

Ex: A gas cylinder exploded behind the building. 
force
force
[名詞]

a group of trained and organized people such as the police, soldiers, etc.

力

力

Ex: She decided to join the air force to serve her country and follow in her father's footsteps. 
to guard
to guard
[動詞]

to protect a person, place, or property against harm or an attack

守る, 警護する

守る, 警護する

Ex: A lifeguard is stationed at the pool to guard swimmers against emergencies. 
to order
to order
[動詞]

to give an instruction to someone to do something through one's authority

命じる, 命令する

命じる, 命令する

Ex: The supervisor ordered the employees to attend the mandatory training session. 
target
target
[名詞]

a person, building, or area marked to be attacked

標的, ターゲット

標的, ターゲット

Ex: She was shocked to learn that the building was a target of the attack. 
weapon
weapon
[名詞]

an object that can physically harm someone or something, such as a gun, bomb, knife, etc.

武器, 兵器

武器, 兵器

Ex: Non-lethal weapons like tasers are used by law enforcement for self-defense. 
air force
air force
[名詞]

the branch of the armed forces that operates in the air using fighter aircraft

空軍, 航空部隊

空軍, 航空部隊

Ex: The air force conducted a series of training exercises with their new fighter jets. 

空軍は新しい戦闘機で一連の訓練演習を行いました。

arms
arms
[名詞]

weapons in general, especially those used by the military

武器, 軍備

武器, 軍備

Ex: The country invested heavily in modernizing its arms to enhance its military capabilities. 

その国は軍事能力を強化するために兵器の近代化に多額の投資を行った。

to command
to command
[動詞]

to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

命令する, 指揮する

命令する, 指揮する

Ex: The general commanded the soldiers to hold their positions until further notice. 
conflict
conflict
[名詞]

a hostile encounter between armed forces during a war

紛争, 衝突

紛争, 衝突

Ex: The conflict caused heavy casualties on both sides. 
to invade
to invade
[動詞]

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

侵略する, 軍事占領する

侵略する, 軍事占領する

Ex: The army decided to invade the neighboring country to secure vital resources. 

軍隊は重要な資源を確保するために隣国を侵略することを決めた。

military
military
[形容詞]

relating to the study or principles of warfare

軍事の, 戦略的

軍事の, 戦略的

Ex: She gave a lecture on military logistics. 
navy
navy
[名詞]

the branch of a country's armed forces that conducts military operations at sea

Ex: He joined the navy after finishing college. 
recruit
recruit
[名詞]

a person who has recently joined the armed forces, especially one undergoing initial training

新兵

新兵

Ex: The new recruits began basic training on Monday. 
terrorism
terrorism
[名詞]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

テロリズム

テロリズム

Ex: Terrorism poses a significant challenge to global security and stability. 

テロリズムは、世界的な安全と安定にとって重大な課題です。

troop
troop
[名詞]

armed forces or soldiers, especially by large numbers

部隊, 軍団

部隊, 軍団

Ex: After months of intense combat, the troop returned home to a hero's welcome, greeted by cheering crowds. 
volunteer
volunteer
[名詞]

someone who enlists in the armed forces without being forced

ボランティア, 志願兵

ボランティア, 志願兵

Ex: The process of becoming a military volunteer typically involves an application and screening. 
wound
wound
[名詞]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

傷, 負傷

傷, 負傷

Ex: The doctor stitched up the wound to help it heal faster. 
to assassinate

to murder a prominent figure in a sudden attack, usually for political purposes

暗殺する, 殺す

暗殺する, 殺す

Ex: The secret agent was hired to assassinate the political leader during the summit. 

秘密工作員は、サミット中に政治指導者を暗殺するために雇われた。

to blast
to blast
[動詞]

to damage, destroy, or break apart something with explosives

Ex: Workers blasted the rock to clear a route for the new road. 
casualty
casualty
[名詞]

a person who is injured or killed in a serious accident or disaster

負傷者,  犠牲者

負傷者, 犠牲者

Ex: The train crash caused several casualties. 
chemical warfare

methods of warfare using chemical weapons

化学戦争, 化学兵器

化学戦争, 化学兵器

Ex: Chemical warfare was widely used during World War I, causing massive casualties. 

化学戦争は第一次世界大戦中に広く使用され、多大な犠牲者を出しました。

civilian
civilian
[名詞]

a person who is not a member of the armed forces

民間人, 一般市民

民間人, 一般市民

Ex: Hundreds of civilians left the area before the fighting began. 
civil war
civil war
[名詞]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

内戦, 内部紛争

内戦, 内部紛争

Ex: The American Civil War was fought between the Northern states (Union) and the Southern states (Confederacy) over issues of slavery and states' rights. 

アメリカの内戦は、奴隷制と州の権利をめぐって北部の州(連邦)と南部の州(連合)の間で戦われた。

cold war
cold war
[名詞]

a state of unfriendly relationship between two states which are not openly at war with each other

冷戦, 潜在的な対立

冷戦, 潜在的な対立

Ex: The two nations have been in a cold war for decades, avoiding direct conflict. 

二つの国は数十年間、直接的な衝突を避けながら冷戦状態にあります。

hostile
hostile
[形容詞]

unfriendly, antagonistic, or aggressive toward someone or something

敵対的な

敵対的な

Ex: The receptionist became hostile when Mark questioned the extra charge. 
missile
missile
[名詞]

a self-propelled weapon launched through the air toward a target, typically carrying an explosive charge

ミサイル

ミサイル

Ex: The ship was struck by a missile during the attack. 
projectile
projectile
[名詞]

any object fired or thrown at a person or thing for the purpose of hurting or destroying them

発射体, ミサイル

発射体, ミサイル

Ex: During the battle, soldiers threw improvised projectiles at the enemy to defend their position. 

戦闘中、兵士たちは自分の陣地を守るために敵に即席の投射物を投げました。

gunboat
gunboat
[名詞]

a small warship fitted with heavy guns, often used for coastal operations

砲艦

砲艦

Ex: The gunboat patrolled the river to protect the supply route. 
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