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IELTS のための語彙 (アカデミック) - War

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「衛兵」、「武器」、「軍隊」など、戦争に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words for Academic IELTS
battle
[名詞]

a fight between opposing armed forces, particularly during a war

戦闘 (せんとう), 戦い (たたかい)

戦闘 (せんとう), 戦い (たたかい)

Ex: The generals strategized to minimize casualties in the battle.
base
[名詞]

a place with buildings and facilities for military operations and activities

基地, 軍事基地

基地, 軍事基地

to explode
[動詞]

to break apart violently and noisily in a way that causes destruction

爆発する, 破裂する

爆発する, 破裂する

Ex: The exploded, creating chaos and panic among the soldiers .
force
[名詞]

a group of trained and organized people such as the police, soldiers, etc.

警察力 (けいさつりょく), 部隊 (ぶたい)

警察力 (けいさつりょく), 部隊 (ぶたい)

Ex: The force was sent to the war-torn region to help stabilize the area and provide humanitarian aid .
to guard
[動詞]

to protect a person, place, or property against harm or an attack

守る(まもる), 防御する(ぼうぎょする)

守る(まもる), 防御する(ぼうぎょする)

Ex: Personal bodyguards are hired guard high-profile individuals from potential dangers .
to order
[動詞]

to give an instruction to someone to do something through one's authority

命じる(めいじる), 指示する(しじする)

命じる(めいじる), 指示する(しじする)

Ex: The ordered the crew to prepare for an emergency landing .
target
[名詞]

a person, building, or area marked to be attacked

目標(もくひょう), ターゲット

目標(もくひょう), ターゲット

Ex: The hackers aimed at government systems as target.
weapon
[名詞]

an object that can physically harm someone or something, such as a gun, bomb, knife, etc.

武器(ぶき), 兵器(へいき)

武器(ぶき), 兵器(へいき)

Ex: Diplomacy is often seen as a weapon in resolving international conflicts .
air force
[名詞]

the branch of the armed forces that operates in the air using fighter aircraft

空軍 (くうぐん), 航空自衛隊 (こうくうじえいたい)

空軍 (くうぐん), 航空自衛隊 (こうくうじえいたい)

Ex: air force's precision airstrikes helped to disable key enemy installations .
arms
[名詞]

weapons in general, especially those used by the military

武器(ぶき), 兵器(へいき)

武器(ぶき), 兵器(へいき)

Ex: Soldiers were trained extensively in the use of arms before being deployed to the front lines .
to command
[動詞]

to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

指示する (shiji suru), 命じる (meijiru)

指示する (shiji suru), 命じる (meijiru)

Ex: The commands the team to focus on their defensive strategy .
conflict
[名詞]

a military clash between two nations or countries, usually one that lasts long

戦争, 衝突

戦争, 衝突

to invade
[動詞]

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

侵略する, 侵入する

侵略する, 侵入する

Ex: Governments around the world are currently considering whether invade or pursue diplomatic solutions .
military
[形容詞]

using warfare to achieve a goal

軍事的な, 戦争的な

軍事的な, 戦争的な

navy
[名詞]

the branch of the armed forces that operates at sea using warships, destroyers, etc.

海軍 (かいぐん), ネイビー

海軍 (かいぐん), ネイビー

Ex: navy's submarines play a vital role in national defense and surveillance .
recruit
[名詞]

a new member of the armed forces or the police who is not yet fully trained

新兵(しんぺい), 入隊者(にゅうたいしゃ)

新兵(しんぺい), 入隊者(にゅうたいしゃ)

terrorism
[名詞]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

テロリズム, テロ行為

テロリズム, テロ行為

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws terrorism to protect national security .
troop
[名詞]

armed forces or soldiers, especially by large numbers

部隊 (ぶたい), 軍隊 (ぐんたい)

部隊 (ぶたい), 軍隊 (ぐんたい)

Ex: troop advanced through the dense forest , maintaining communication and coordination to ensure their safety .
volunteer
[名詞]

someone who enlists in the armed forces without being forced

志願兵(しがんぺい), ボランティア(ぼらんてぃあ)

志願兵(しがんぺい), ボランティア(ぼらんてぃあ)

Ex: Volunteers can come from diverse backgrounds and bring unique experiences to the military .
wound
[名詞]

an injury inflicted to the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

傷 (きず), 外傷 (がいしょう)

傷 (きず), 外傷 (がいしょう)

to murder a prominent figure in a sudden attack, usually for political purposes

暗殺する, 殺害する

暗殺する, 殺害する

Ex: The group of rebels conspired assassinate the ruling monarch .
to blast
[動詞]

to violently damage or destroy something using explosives

爆破する, 吹き飛ばす

爆破する, 吹き飛ばす

Ex: The construction blasted the bedrock to lay the foundation for the skyscraper .
casualty
[名詞]

someone who is killed or wounded during a war or an accident

死傷者,  casualties (in Japanese: カジュアリティ)

死傷者, casualties (in Japanese: カジュアリティ)

Ex: The humanitarian organization released a statement highlighting the casualty numbers in the war-torn area , calling for immediate international assistance .

methods of warfare using chemical weapons

化学兵器戦, 化学戦

化学兵器戦, 化学戦

Ex: Advances in technology have chemical warfare a significant concern for modern security .
civilian
[名詞]

a person who is not a member of or not on active duty in armed forces or the police

民間人 (みんかんじん), 市民 (しみん)

民間人 (みんかんじん), 市民 (しみん)

Ex: The report detailed the impact of the war on civilians.
civil war
[名詞]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

内戦 (ないせん), 市民戦争 (しみんせんそう)

内戦 (ないせん), 市民戦争 (しみんせんそう)

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political , social , or economic differences within a nation .
cold war
[名詞]

a state of unfriendly relationship between two states which are not openly at war with each other

冷戦 (れいせん), コールド・ウォー

冷戦 (れいせん), コールド・ウォー

Ex: cold war developed between the neighboring countries over territorial disputes .
hostile
[形容詞]

unfriendly or aggressive toward others

敵対的な, 非友好的な

敵対的な, 非友好的な

Ex: Despite attempts to defuse the situation , hostile customer continued to berate the staff .
missile
[名詞]

an explosive weapon capable of hitting a target over long distances, which can be controlled remotely

ミサイル, 誘導弾

ミサイル, 誘導弾

projectile
[名詞]

any object fired or thrown at a person or thing for the purpose of hurting or destroying them

発射体, 弾丸

発射体, 弾丸

Ex: Throwing projectile with accuracy requires skill and practice to avoid unintended harm .
gunboat
[名詞]

a small ship equipped with many mounted guns, often used near coastal areas

砲艦 (ほうかん), ガンボート

砲艦 (ほうかん), ガンボート

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