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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademicki - Test 3 - Czytanie - Fragment 1 (2)

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
to factor in
to factor in
[Czasownik]

to take into consideration, particularly in decision making

uwzględniać, brać pod uwagę

uwzględniać, brać pod uwagę

Ex: When planning the budget, be sure to factor in unexpected expenses to ensure financial stability. 
to ship
to ship
[Czasownik]

to send goods or individuals from one place to another using some form of transportation

wysyłać, transportować

wysyłać, transportować

Ex: The company decided to ship the products overseas to meet the growing demand in international markets. 
fossil fuel
fossil fuel
[Rzeczownik]

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

paliwo kopalne, energia kopalna

paliwo kopalne, energia kopalna

Ex: Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 
to [make] sense

to be understandable in a way that is reasonable

Ex: Her explanation didn't make sense to me; I couldn't understand why she made that decision. 
perspective
perspective
[Rzeczownik]

a specific manner of considering something

punkt widzenia, perspektywa

punkt widzenia, perspektywa

Ex: From a historical perspective, the Renaissance marked a period of great cultural advancement. 
promising
promising
[przymiotnik]

indicating potential for success or positive outcomes

obiecujący, zapowiadający się dobrze

obiecujący, zapowiadający się dobrze

Ex: The young artist showed promising talent in her early works. 
unproven
unproven
[przymiotnik]

not proved

nieudowodniony, niesprawdzony

nieudowodniony, niesprawdzony

abundant
abundant
[przymiotnik]

existing or available in large quantities

obfity, obszerny

obfity, obszerny

Ex: The garden was filled with abundant flowers of every color. 
innovation
innovation
[Rzeczownik]

a method, product, way of doing something, etc. that is newly introduced

innowacja, nowość

innowacja, nowość

Ex: Innovation drives progress in every industry. 
institute
institute
[Rzeczownik]

an organization focused on a specific field of study or training, offering programs and services related to science, technology, medicine, business, or the arts

instytut, zakład

instytut, zakład

affair
affair
[Rzeczownik]

a social gathering or event, often formal or noteworthy

wydarzenie, przyjęcie

wydarzenie, przyjęcie

Ex: The gala was a grand affair. 
to [reach] a conclusion

to come to a decision or judgment after considering evidence, arguments, or facts

Ex: After hours of deliberation, the jury reached a conclusion and delivered their verdict. 
novel
novel
[przymiotnik]

new and unlike anything else

nowy, oryginalny

nowy, oryginalny

Ex: Her novel approach to problem-solving impressed the entire team with its creativity and effectiveness. 
to break through
to break through
[Czasownik]

to successfully overcome or manage a problem or a difficult situation

przełamać, pokonać

przełamać, pokonać

Ex: The community came together to break through social challenges. 
at present
at present
[przysłówek]

at the current moment or during the existing time

obecnie, w tej chwili

obecnie, w tej chwili

Ex: The store is closed at present for inventory management. 
cost-effective
cost-effective
[przymiotnik]

producing good results without costing too much

opłacalny, ekonomiczny

opłacalny, ekonomiczny

Ex: Investing in energy-efficient appliances proved to be cost-effective in the long run, saving money on electricity bills. 
raw material
raw material
[Rzeczownik]

a basic substance used in manufacturing or production that has not yet been processed or refined

surowiec, materiał nieprzetworzony

surowiec, materiał nieprzetworzony

Ex: Timber is a crucial raw material for the construction industry, used to produce various wood products. 
shortage
shortage
[Rzeczownik]

a lack of something needed, such as supplies, resources, or people

niedobór, brak

niedobór, brak

Ex: The shortage of medical supplies during the pandemic highlighted the vulnerabilities in global supply chains. 
resistance
resistance
[Rzeczownik]

the act of opposing or refusing to accept something one disapproves of or disagrees with

opór, sprzeciw

opór, sprzeciw

Ex: The proposal met strong resistance from local residents. 
to contain
to contain
[Czasownik]

to consist of or include several different elements or parts

zawierać, obejmować

zawierać, obejmować

Ex: The book contains stories from different cultures and traditions. 
potential
potential
[przymiotnik]

having the possibility to develop or be developed into something particular in the future

potencjalny, możliwy

potencjalny, możliwy

Ex: She saw potential issues with the project and addressed them early on. 
reference
reference
[Rzeczownik]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

odniesienie, cytat

odniesienie, cytat

Ex: The article included several references to previous studies on the topic. 
high-rise
high-rise
[przymiotnik]

(of buildings) having many floors

wysoki, wieżowiec

wysoki, wieżowiec

Ex: They moved into a high-rise apartment with a stunning view of the city. 
indication
indication
[Rzeczownik]

something that serves to show, suggest, or point to a fact, condition, or situation

wskazanie, oznaka

wskazanie, oznaka

Ex: The dark clouds are an indication of approaching rain. 
belief
belief
[Rzeczownik]

something that we think is true or real

wiara, przekonanie

wiara, przekonanie

Ex: Many people hold the belief that honesty is the best policy. 
to regard as
to regard as
[Czasownik]

to think of someone or something in a particular way

uważać za, postrzegać jako

uważać za, postrzegać jako

Ex: She regards him as a talented artist. 
prone
prone
[przymiotnik]

having a tendency or inclination toward something

skłonny, podatny

skłonny, podatny

Ex: He is prone to making impulsive decisions. 
to equal
to equal
[Czasownik]

to reach the same level or ability as someone or something else

równać się, dorównywać

równać się, dorównywać

Ex: Her singing talent equals that of the most famous performers. 
in terms of
in terms of
[Przyimek]

referring to or considering a specific aspect or factor

pod względem, w zakresie

pod względem, w zakresie

Ex: In terms of performance, the new car outperforms its competitors in terms of speed and acceleration. 
nota bene
nota bene
[Rzeczownik]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

nota bene, zauważ dobrze

nota bene, zauważ dobrze

to assume
to assume
[Czasownik]

to think that something is true without having proof or evidence

zakładać, przypuszczać

zakładać, przypuszczać

Ex: She often assumes that everyone agrees with her perspective. 
to offer
to offer
[Czasownik]

to present goods or services for purchase to potential buyers

oferować, proponować

oferować, proponować

Ex: The local bakery offers fresh pastries and cakes every morning. 
comparable
comparable
[przymiotnik]

having similarities that justify making a comparison

porównywalny, podobny

porównywalny, podobny

Ex: The two products are comparable in price and quality 
expense
expense
[Rzeczownik]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

wydatek,  koszt

wydatek, koszt

Ex: Keeping track of your monthly expenses can help you create a realistic budget. 
due to
due to
[Przyimek]

as a result of a specific cause or reason

z powodu, z uwagi na

z powodu, z uwagi na

Ex: The flight delay was due to heavy fog at the airport. 
to base
to base
[Czasownik]

to situate or establish as a central location for operations, activities, or planning

opierać, ustanawiać

opierać, ustanawiać

Ex: The company decided to base its regional headquarters in the bustling city for better accessibility. 
including
including
[Przyimek]

used to point out that something or someone is part of a set or group

w tym, włącznie z

w tym, włącznie z

Ex: He has visited many countries, including France, Italy, and Spain. 
to lock away
to lock away
[Czasownik]

to place something in a container or place that can be securely fastened with a lock

zamknąć na klucz, schować pod klucz

zamknąć na klucz, schować pod klucz

Ex: The jeweler locked away the precious gems in a vault for safekeeping. 
range
range
[Rzeczownik]

an area in which something acts, operates, or has influence or control

zasięg, zakres oddziaływania

zasięg, zakres oddziaływania

Ex: The radio tower covers a range of several miles. 
fly ash
fly ash
[Rzeczownik]

fine solid particles of ash that are carried into the air when fuel is combusted

popiół lotny, odpady spalania

popiół lotny, odpady spalania

slag
slag
[Rzeczownik]

the byproduct of smelting ore that forms a glass-like material, often found as a residue in mining and metalworking activities

żużel, pozostałość po wytopie

żużel, pozostałość po wytopie

Ex: The old mine was littered with heaps of slag, remnants of the smelting operations that had once thrived there. 
iron ore
iron ore
[Rzeczownik]

an ore from which iron can be extracted

ruda żelaza, żelazo ruda

ruda żelaza, żelazo ruda

byproduct
byproduct
[Rzeczownik]

a product made during the manufacture of something else

produkt uboczny, produkt poboczny

produkt uboczny, produkt poboczny

coal-burning
coal-burning
[przymiotnik]

fueled by burning coal

zasilany węglem, spalający węgiel

zasilany węglem, spalający węgiel

power plant
power plant
[Rzeczownik]

a large building in which electricity is made

elektrownia, zakład energetyczny

elektrownia, zakład energetyczny

Ex: The massive hydroelectric power plant harnessed the power of the rushing river to generate clean electricity. 
to incorporate
to incorporate
[Czasownik]

to include something as part of a larger whole or system

włączyć, zintegrować

włączyć, zintegrować

Ex: The new design will incorporate feedback from various stakeholders to ensure satisfaction. 
durability
durability
[Rzeczownik]

the ability of an object or material to withstand wear, pressure, or damage over time, without significant deterioration

trwałość, wytrzymałość

trwałość, wytrzymałość

Ex: The durability of the new smartphone was tested through rigorous drop and impact tests. 
smelting
smelting
[Rzeczownik]

the process of heating and melting rocks or ores to take out metals from them

wytop, topienie

wytop, topienie

Ex: The smelting of iron was important in ancient times. 
incorporation
incorporation
[Rzeczownik]

consolidating two or more things; union in (or into) one body

włączenie, fuzja

włączenie, fuzja

council
council
[Rzeczownik]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

rada, zgromadzenie

rada, zgromadzenie

Ex: She was elected to serve on the local council. 
to note
to note
[Czasownik]

to mention something to make it stand out

zaznaczyć, wspomnieć

zaznaczyć, wspomnieć

Ex: He noted the improvements in the project during the presentation. 
waste product
waste product
[Rzeczownik]

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

odpad, produkt odpadowy

odpad, produkt odpadowy

content
content
[Rzeczownik]

the proportion of a substance in an alloy or mixture

zawartość, stężenie

zawartość, stężenie

Ex: The metal's content of copper was unusually high. 
overall
overall
[przysłówek]

with everything considered

Ogólnie, Całkowicie

Ogólnie, Całkowicie

Ex: Overall, the event was a great success. 
calculation
calculation
[Rzeczownik]

the process of thinking carefully about risks, outcomes, or effects before making a decision or taking action

obliczenie, rozważanie

obliczenie, rozważanie

Ex: His decision was based on careful calculation. 
life cycle
life cycle
[Rzeczownik]

the series of stages something goes through from the beginning to the end of its use or existence

cykl życia, żywotność

cykl życia, żywotność

Ex: The life cycle of a building includes design, construction, use, and demolition. 
conventional
conventional
[przymiotnik]

following established practices or standards that are widely accepted or commonly used

konwencjonalny, tradycyjny

konwencjonalny, tradycyjny

Ex: The government may continue to use conventional policies, though some are calling for radical change. 
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