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Vocabular Avansat pentru TOEFL - Religion

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre religie, cum ar fi "cleric", "pastor", "sufi", etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
theology
theology
[substantiv]

the study of religions and faiths

teologie, știința religiilor

teologie, știința religiilor

Ex: She decided to study theology to better understand her faith. 
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spirituality
spirituality
[substantiv]

the quality of relating to the human spirit or religious matters rather than material things

spiritualitate, viață spirituală

spiritualitate, viață spirituală

Ex: Meditation can enhance a sense of spirituality. 
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sect
sect
[substantiv]

a religious group with beliefs or practices, especially extreme or unusual ones, that separate them from the rest of the people with the religion

sectă

sectă

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cleric
cleric
[substantiv]

a member of the clergy or a religious leader, often in charge of religious duties

cleric, preot

cleric, preot

Ex: The cleric led the congregation in prayer. 
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clergy
clergy
[substantiv]

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

cler, preoți

cler, preoți

Ex: The clergy gathered for the annual conference. 
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guru
guru
[substantiv]

a religious leader or teacher in Buddhism, Hinduism, or Sikhism

guru, maestru spiritual

guru, maestru spiritual

Ex: She traveled to India to seek guidance from a renowned guru. 
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oracle
oracle
[substantiv]

a priest or priestess serving as a mediator through whom the gods were thought to give their message in classical antiquity

oracol, ghicitor

oracol, ghicitor

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rabbi
rabbi
[substantiv]

a religious teacher, scholar, or leader of Judaism

rabin, profesor

rabin, profesor

Ex: The rabbi led the prayers in the synagogue. 
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synagogue
synagogue
[substantiv]

a place of worship and religious study for Jews

sinagogă, loc de cult evreiesc

sinagogă, loc de cult evreiesc

Ex: The synagogue was beautifully decorated for the High Holidays, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere for worshippers. 
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lama
lama
[substantiv]

a Mongolian or Tibetan Buddhist monk

lama, călugăr budist tibetan sau mongol

lama, călugăr budist tibetan sau mongol

Ex: The lama offered blessings to the villagers. 
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pastor
pastor
[substantiv]

a priest or minister who is in charge of a church

pastor, preot

pastor, preot

Ex: The pastor delivered a powerful sermon that resonated with the entire congregation. 
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heretic
heretic
[substantiv]

someone with beliefs against the doctrines of a particular religion

eretic

eretic

Ex: The church labeled him a heretic for his unconventional views. 
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missionary
missionary
[substantiv]

someone who is sent to a foreign country to teach and talk about religion, particularly to persuade others to become a member of the Christian Church

misionar

misionar

Ex: The missionary spent years in remote villages, sharing the teachings of Christianity with the local people. 
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pagan
pagan
[substantiv]

a person believing in a religion that worships many deities, especially one that existed before the major world religions

păgân, politeist

păgân, politeist

Ex: She identified as pagan, celebrating the cycles of nature and the changing seasons. 
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Reverend
Reverend
[substantiv]

a member of the Christian clergy who serves as a spiritual leader

preot, pastor

preot, pastor

Ex: The Reverend delivered a sermon on Sunday. 
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sufi
sufi
[substantiv]

a member of an Islamic sect that tries to become united with God through prayer, meditation, and living a simple and strict life

sufi, membru al unei secte islamice care încearcă să se unească cu Dumnezeu prin rugăciune

sufi, membru al unei secte islamice care încearcă să se unească cu Dumnezeu prin rugăciune

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preacher
preacher
[substantiv]

a person who delivers religious messages or sermons to a congregation

predicator, preot

predicator, preot

Ex: The preacher spoke about forgiveness during the service. 
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sermon
sermon
[substantiv]

a moral or religious speech, usually given during a church service

predică, sermon

predică, sermon

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homily
homily
[substantiv]

a short moral lecture, offering advice on behavior

omilie, predică

omilie, predică

Ex: The priest gave a homily about forgiveness during Sunday service. 
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shaman
shaman
[substantiv]

a person in some religions and cultures believed to be capable of contacting good and evil spirits and curing people of illnesses, especially in some cultures in northern Asia and North America

șaman, omul medicină

șaman, omul medicină

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sikh
sikh
[substantiv]

a follower of Sikhism

un sikh, un adept al sikhismului

un sikh, un adept al sikhismului

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puritan
puritan
[substantiv]

a person belonging to an English religious group of the 16th and 17th centuries who wanted church rituals made simpler and who believed it was important to work hard and control oneself, while pleasure was unnecessary or even wrong

puritan, membru al sectei puritane

puritan, membru al sectei puritane

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pilgrim
pilgrim
[substantiv]

a religious person who travels to a sacred place for a holy cause

pelerin, pelerină

pelerin, pelerină

Ex: Every year, thousands of pilgrims travel to Mecca for the Hajj pilgrimage. 
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messiah
messiah
[substantiv]

(in Judaism) divinely sent king who will save the Jewish people

mesia, mântuitor

mesia, mântuitor

Ex: The people hoped the messiah would come soon. 
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hermit
hermit
[substantiv]

a person who lives a very simple life in solitude as a religious practice

eremit, singuratic

eremit, singuratic

Ex: The hermit lived deep in the forest, away from the distractions of the world, devoting himself to prayer and meditation. 
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martyr
martyr
[substantiv]

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

martir, martiră

martir, martiră

Ex: He is remembered as a martyr for his fight against injustice. 
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Gospel
Gospel
[substantiv]

any of the four books of the New Testament that is about the life and teachings of Jesus Christ

evanghelie, gospel

evanghelie, gospel

Ex: She studied the Gospel of Matthew in her Bible study group. 
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apostle
apostle
[substantiv]

any one of the twelve disciples of Jesus

apostol

apostol

Ex: Peter, also known as Simon Peter, was one of the apostles of Jesus and is often regarded as the leader among them. 
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epistle
epistle
[substantiv]

any of the letters in the New Testament, written by the apostles

epistolă, scrisoare apostolică

epistolă, scrisoare apostolică

Ex: Paul's epistle to the Romans is a foundational text in Christian theology. 
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agnostic
agnostic
[substantiv]

someone who believes it is impossible to know whether God exists or not

agnostic, persoană agnostică

agnostic, persoană agnostică

Ex: As an agnostic, she prefers to keep questions of faith open. 
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atheist
atheist
[substantiv]

someone who does not believe in the existence of God or gods

ateu, necredincios

ateu, necredincios

Ex: The atheist preferred scientific explanations over religious beliefs. 
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Zen
Zen
[substantiv]

a school of Mahayana Buddhism, originally formed in Japan, emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition rather than reading religious scripts or ritual worship

zen, zenul

zen, zenul

Ex: She practices Zen to find inner peace and clarity. 
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voodoo
voodoo
[substantiv]

a religious cult involving witchcraft and the worship of spirits, especially common in parts of the Caribbean

voodoo, cultul voodoo

voodoo, cultul voodoo

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the Trinity
the Trinity
[substantiv]

(in Christianity) the concept of God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit

Treiime, Sfânta Treime

Treiime, Sfânta Treime

Ex: The pastor explained the concept of the Trinity during the sermon. 
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salvation
salvation
[substantiv]

(Christian theology) the deliverance from sin and its consequences, believed to be brought about by faith in Christ

mântuire, răscumpărare

mântuire, răscumpărare

Ex: The preacher spoke about finding salvation through repentance and faith. 
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resurrection
resurrection
[substantiv]

the return to life of Christ on the third day after his death on the cross, according to the New Testament

înviere, renastere

înviere, renastere

Ex: Christians celebrate the resurrection of Jesus Christ on Easter Sunday, commemorating his victory over death and sin. 
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sacrilege
sacrilege
[substantiv]

the act of disrespectfully treating a sacred item or place

sacrilegiu, profanare

sacrilegiu, profanare

Ex: Vandalizing a place of worship is considered a sacrilege by many religious communities. 
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requiem
requiem
[substantiv]

a mass at which people honor and pray for the soul of a dead person, especially in the Roman Catholic Church

requiem

requiem

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reincarnation
reincarnation
[substantiv]

the belief that after someone’s death, their spirit comes back to life in the form of a new body, especially in Buddhism and Hinduism

reîncarnare, renastere

reîncarnare, renastere

Ex: Many people believe in reincarnation as a cycle of rebirth. 
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prophecy
prophecy
[substantiv]

a statement about events that have not yet occurred but are believed to be inevitable or possible, especially one made by a divine person

profetie, prevestire

profetie, prevestire

Ex: The prophecy foretold that the chosen one would come and defeat the dark lord plaguing their people. 
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