剑桥英语：CAE（C1高级） - 物理学与物质状态

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atomic

[形容词]

related to atoms, the smallest units of matter, including their structure, properties, and interactions

原子的

Ex: Atomic mass represents the average mass of an atom, taking into account its isotopes.**原子**质量代表了一个原子的平均质量，考虑到了它的同位素。

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bond

[名词]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

键, 联系

Ex: Hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in the structure of DNA, contributing to its stability and the specificity of base pairing.氢**键**在DNA的结构中起着至关重要的作用，有助于其稳定性和碱基配对的特异性。

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charge

[名词]

the physical property in matter that causes it to experience a force in an electromagnetic field

电荷, 电电荷

Ex: An electron carries a negative charge, which determines its behavior in an electromagnetic field.电子带有负**电荷**，这决定了它在电磁场中的行为。

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density

[名词]

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

密度, 体积密度

Ex: To determine the density of an object , you divide its mass by its volume .要确定物体的**密度**，您将其质量除以其体积。

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gravity

[名词]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

重力

Ex: The strength of gravity on Earth 's surface is approximately 9.81 meters per second squared ( m / s² ) .地球表面的**重力**强度约为9.81米每二次方秒（m/s²）。

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property

[名词]

a feature or quality of something

属性, 特性

Ex: Elasticity is a material property that measures its ability to return to its original shape after being deformed .**弹性**是衡量材料在变形后恢复其原始形状能力的**特性**。

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acid

[名词]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

酸, 酸性物质

Ex: When dissolved in water, carbonic acid forms from carbon dioxide, contributing to the acidity of rainwater.当溶于水时，二氧化碳形成**酸**，增加了雨水的酸度。

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conductor

[名词]

a substance that permits electricity to pass through or along it

导体, 导电体

Ex: Aluminum is widely used as a conductor in power transmission lines due to its lightweight and good conductivity .**铝**因其重量轻和良好的导电性而被广泛用作电力传输线路中的**导体**。

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crystal

[名词]

a solid substance formed when a chemical compound solidifies, with atoms arranged in a highly regular, repeating pattern

Ex: Sugar crystals are used in baking and candy-making , forming when a sugar solution cools and solidifies .

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composition

[名词]

the different elements that form something or the arrangement of these elements

组成, 构成

Ex: Analyzing the composition of soil helps farmers determine its fertility and nutrient content for optimal crop growth .分析土壤的**成分**有助于农民确定其肥力和养分含量，以实现作物的最佳生长。

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ray

[名词]

a column of light, such as that emitted from a beacon or focused source

Ex: A single ray from the torch revealed the hidden path .

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magnet

[名词]

an object that produces an invisible field capable of attracting certain metals without physical contact

磁铁, 磁性的

Ex: My book report is on the man who first figured out how to use magnets to help ships navigate the ocean long ago .我的读书报告是关于很久以前第一个想出如何使用**磁铁**来帮助船只在海洋中航行的人。

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thermal

[形容词]

related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat

热的, 热量的

Ex: Thermal imaging cameras detect infrared radiation emitted by objects to visualize temperature variations .**热成像**相机检测物体发出的红外辐射以可视化温度变化。

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vacuum

[名词]

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

真空, 虚空

Ex: The vacuum of space is characterized by extremely low pressure and the absence of atmosphere .太空的**真空**以极低的压力和没有大气为特征。

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gassy

[形容词]

having the form or characteristics of gas

气态的, 气体状的

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molecule

[名词]

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

分子

Ex: Chemical reactions often involve the breaking and forming of molecules.化学反应通常涉及**分子**的断裂和形成。

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radiation

[名词]

energy transmitted through space or matter in the form of waves or particles

Ex: Radioactive materials emit radiation that can be harmful to living organisms .

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剑桥英语：CAE（C1高级）

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