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剑桥英语:CAE(C1高级) - 污染、废物与人类影响

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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)
carbon-neutral
[形容词]

describing a state in which the carbon dioxide emission reaches zero or there is a balance between the amount of carbon dioxide emitted and absorbed

碳中和, 净零排放

碳中和, 净零排放

Ex: Carbon-neutral buildings use sustainable materials and energy-efficient designs to minimize environmental impact .**碳中和**建筑使用可持续材料和节能设计,以最小化环境影响。
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zero-emission
[形容词]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

零排放, 无排放

零排放, 无排放

Ex: Investing in zero-emission technology is crucial for reducing carbon footprints and combating climate change .投资**零排放**技术对于减少碳足迹和应对气候变化至关重要。
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to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

污染, 传染

污染, 传染

Ex: Oil spills can contaminate beaches and marine ecosystems , causing extensive environmental damage .石油泄漏会**污染**海滩和海洋生态系统,造成广泛的环境破坏。
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to dump
[动词]

to get rid of waste material, particularly in an unorganized manner

倾倒, 丢弃

倾倒, 丢弃

Ex: They dumped the leftover food into the compost bin .他们把剩下的食物**倒进**了堆肥箱。
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disposal
[名词]

the act of getting rid of waste material

处置, 废物管理

处置, 废物管理

Ex: The landfill site is designated for the disposal of non-recyclable materials .垃圾填埋场被指定用于不可回收材料的**处理**。
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dumper
[名词]

a truck with a container that can be elevated to unload waste material

自卸车, 翻斗车

自卸车, 翻斗车

Ex: The company invested in a fleet of dumpers to handle large-scale earthmoving projects .该公司投资了一支**自卸卡车**车队,以处理大规模的土方工程。
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logging
[名词]

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

伐木, 木材采运

伐木, 木材采运

Ex: The government imposed restrictions on logging to protect endangered species and their habitats.政府为了保护濒危物种及其栖息地,对**伐木**实施了限制。
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an odorless, colorless, and poisonous gas that is produced from the burning of fossil fuels, which proves lethal in some cases

一氧化碳, 碳氧化物

一氧化碳, 碳氧化物

Ex: Carbon monoxide poisoning symptoms include headache, dizziness, and nausea.**一氧化碳**中毒症状包括头痛、头晕和恶心。
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microplastic
[名词]

very small plastic pieces in the environment that originate from personal care products, clothing, etc. and the degradation of other plastic products

微塑料, 微小塑料颗粒

微塑料, 微小塑料颗粒

Ex: Consumer awareness about reducing plastic waste is crucial in preventing the accumulation of microplastics in the environment .消费者对减少塑料废物的认识对于防止环境中**微塑料**的积累至关重要。
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herbicide
[名词]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

除草剂

除草剂

Ex: Proper application of herbicides is essential to prevent damage to non-target plants and ecosystems .正确使用**除草剂**对于防止对非目标植物和生态系统的损害至关重要。
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pollutant
[名词]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

污染物, 有害环境的物质

污染物, 有害环境的物质

Ex: Governments worldwide are working together to address global pollutants through international agreements .世界各国政府正在通过国际协议共同努力解决全球**污染物**问题。
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acid rain
[名词]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

酸雨, 酸性降水

酸雨, 酸性降水

Ex: Students tested rainwater samples from different parts of town to measure the impact of acid rain.学生们测试了来自城镇不同地区的雨水样本,以测量**酸雨**的影响。
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to leach
[动词]

to extract or wash out soluble substances from a material by passing a liquid through it

滤取, 浸出

滤取, 浸出

Ex: Vinegar can leach mineral deposits from old kettles when boiled inside them .醋在内部煮沸时可以从旧水壶中**浸出**矿物质沉积物。
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consumption
[名词]

the act of using up something, such as resources, energy, or materials

Ex: Due to the new green initiatives , there 's been a reduction in fuel consumption in the city .
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waste gases expelled from an internal-combustion engine, containing pollutants that degrade air quality

废气, 尾气

废气, 尾气

Ex: Studies link long-term exposure to vehicle exhaust fumes with respiratory ailments .研究将长期接触车辆**尾气**与呼吸系统疾病联系起来。
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smog
[名词]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

烟雾, 污染雾

烟雾, 污染雾

Ex: On some days , the smog was so dense that schools canceled outdoor activities for the safety of the children .在某些日子里,**烟雾**非常浓密,学校为了孩子们的安全取消了户外活动。
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oil spill
[名词]

the accidental or deliberate release of liquid petroleum or its products into the environment, especially into bodies of water, causing ecological damage

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the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

碳足迹, 碳排放量

碳足迹, 碳排放量

Ex: The company is working to reduce its carbon footprint by switching to renewable energy .该公司正通过转向可再生能源来减少其**碳足迹**。
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剑桥英语:CAE(C1高级)
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