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Zdraví a Nemoci - Gastrointestinální onemocnění a problémy

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s gastrointestinálními chorobami a problémy, jako jsou "volvulus", "pankreatitida" a "zácpa".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
oral candidiasis
oral candidiasis
[Podstatné jméno]

a fungal infection that affects the mouth and throat, caused by overgrowth of the Candida fungus, resulting in white patches or sores on the mucous membranes

orální kandidóza, soor

orální kandidóza, soor

gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

a chronic condition where stomach acid consistently backs up into the oesophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and other related discomforts

gastroezofageální refluxní choroba, GERD

gastroezofageální refluxní choroba, GERD

achalasia
achalasia
[Podstatné jméno]

a disorder that affects swallowing due to improper relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter

achalázie, megaesophagus

achalázie, megaesophagus

esophageal rupture
esophageal rupture
[Podstatné jméno]

a tear in the esophageal wall, resulting in severe chest pain and other complications

ruptura jícnu, natržení stěny jícnu

ruptura jícnu, natržení stěny jícnu

gastritis
gastritis
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition where the stomach's inner lining becomes inflamed, often resulting in symptoms like stomach discomfort, nausea, and a reduced appetite

gastritida

gastritida

Ex: After weeks of stomach pain, the doctor diagnosed her with gastritis and recommended dietary changes. 
peptic ulcer disease
peptic ulcer disease
[Podstatné jméno]

the formation of open sores in the stomach or duodenum due to stomach acid erosion, causing abdominal pain and other symptoms

peptická vředová choroba, žaludeční nebo dvanáctníkový vřed

peptická vředová choroba, žaludeční nebo dvanáctníkový vřed

autoimmune gastritis
autoimmune gastritis
[Podstatné jméno]

immune system attack on the stomach lining, causing inflammation, impaired acid production, and related symptoms

autoimunitní gastritida, gastritida způsobená imunitním systémem

autoimunitní gastritida, gastritida způsobená imunitním systémem

appendicitis
appendicitis
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe medical condition in which one's appendix becomes inflamed and painful

zánět slepého střeva, zánět apendixu

zánět slepého střeva, zánět apendixu

food poisoning
food poisoning
[Podstatné jméno]

an illness resulting from the consumption of food or water contaminated with bacteria

otrava jídlem, potravinová intoxikace

otrava jídlem, potravinová intoxikace

Ex: Food poisoning can occur after consuming contaminated or undercooked food, leading to symptoms like nausea and diarrhea. 
cholera
cholera
[Podstatné jméno]

a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

cholera, cholera nemoc

cholera, cholera nemoc

Ex: The village suffered a severe cholera outbreak after the water supply became contaminated. 
amoebic dysentery
amoebic dysentery
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe intestinal infection causing diarrhea and abdominal cramps, caused by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica

amébová úplavice, amébická dyzentérie

amébová úplavice, amébická dyzentérie

Ex: Amoebic dysentery results in severe stomach upset and diarrhea. 
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease
[Podstatné jméno]

a chronic inflammatory bowel condition causing abdominal pain, diarrhea, and other symptoms with potential complications throughout the body

Crohnova choroba

Crohnova choroba

ulcerative colitis
ulcerative colitis
[Podstatné jméno]

a chronic inflammation of the colon and rectum, causing abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding

ulcerózní kolitida, vředový zánět tlustého střeva

ulcerózní kolitida, vředový zánět tlustého střeva

Ex: Regular medical check-ups help monitor the progress of ulcerative colitis. 
hernia
hernia
[Podstatné jméno]

a condition in which part of an organ squeezes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place

kýla

kýla

volvulus
volvulus
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition characterized by the abnormal twisting of the gastrointestinal tract, causing bowel obstruction

volvulus, střevní neprůchodnost

volvulus, střevní neprůchodnost

Ex: Volvulus can result in severe abdominal pain and discomfort. 
intestinal obstruction
intestinal obstruction
[Podstatné jméno]

a blockage in the normal flow of the intestines, causing symptoms like abdominal pain and vomiting

střevní obstrukce, ucpání střev

střevní obstrukce, ucpání střev

Ex: Intestinal obstruction requires prompt medical attention. 
malabsorption
malabsorption
[Podstatné jméno]

a condition where the digestive system fails to properly absorb nutrients from food

malabsorbce

malabsorbce

Ex: Malabsorption affects nutrient absorption in the intestines. 
pancreatitis
pancreatitis
[Podstatné jméno]

the inflammation of the pancreas, often causing abdominal pain and digestive complications

pankreatitida

pankreatitida

Ex: Doctors diagnosed her with pancreatitis after a series of tests. 
ascending cholangitis
ascending cholangitis
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe bacterial infection in the bile ducts, causing fever, jaundice, and abdominal pain, requiring urgent medical attention

vzestupná cholangitida, vzestupný zánět žlučových cest

vzestupná cholangitida, vzestupný zánět žlučových cest

cholelithiasis
cholelithiasis
[Podstatné jméno]

the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder

cholelitiáza,  tvorba žlučových kamenů

cholelitiáza, tvorba žlučových kamenů

Ex: Patients with cholelithiasis may experience abdominal pain. 
impaction
impaction
[Podstatné jméno]

the blockage of material in the digestive tract, disrupting normal flow

ucpání, obstrukce

ucpání, obstrukce

Ex: Doctors monitor patients for signs of impaction. 
jaundice
jaundice
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition in which one's skin or the whites in one's eyes turn yellow, caused by a liver disease or blockage of the bile duct

žloutenka, ikterus

žloutenka, ikterus

Ex: The doctor diagnosed the newborn with jaundice and recommended light therapy. 
irritable bowel syndrome
irritable bowel syndrome
[Podstatné jméno]

a common bowel disorder that is characterized by diarrhea or constipation and is often tied to stress or worry

syndrom dráždivého tračníku, dráždivý tračník

syndrom dráždivého tračníku, dráždivý tračník

dysentery
dysentery
[Podstatné jméno]

an infection in one's intestines that causes severe diarrhea containing blood or mucus

úplavice, krvavý průjem

úplavice, krvavý průjem

dyspepsia
dyspepsia
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe or recurring pain localized in the upper abdomen and characterized by nausea, bloating, or vomiting

dyspepsie, porucha trávení

dyspepsie, porucha trávení

constipation
constipation
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition in which one has difficulty emptying one's bowels

zácpa, obstipace

zácpa, obstipace

hookworm disease
hookworm disease
[Podstatné jméno]

a parasitic condition in which hookworms attach to the lining of the small intestine, causing abdominal pain, anemia, and fatigue

ankylostomóza, onemocnění měchovci

ankylostomóza, onemocnění měchovci

Ex: She experienced fatigue as a result of hookworm disease. 
enteritis
enteritis
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition marked by inflammation of the small intestine, often causing symptoms like abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and occasionally fever

enteritida

enteritida

Ex: Enteritis makes your stomach hurt and feel uncomfortable. 
gastroenteritis
gastroenteritis
[Podstatné jméno]

the inflammation of the stomach and intestines, causing symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting due to infections

gastroenteritida

gastroenteritida

Ex: Gastroenteritis often results in stomach upset, diarrhea, and vomiting. 
diarrhea
diarrhea
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

průjem, úplavice

průjem, úplavice

Ex: Diarrhea is characterized by loose, watery stools occurring frequently throughout the day. 
biliary colic
biliary colic
[Podstatné jméno]

sudden, severe abdominal pain caused by temporary blockage of the bile ducts, often due to gallstones

žlučníková kolika

žlučníková kolika

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