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Podstawowe Słownictwo do GRE - Przekonania i światopoglądy

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących decyzji, takich jak "sprzeczać się", "dostosować się", "twierdzenie" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
unanimity
unanimity
[Rzeczownik]

a situation in which all those involved are in complete agreement on something

jednomyślność, pełna zgoda

jednomyślność, pełna zgoda

Ex: The unanimity of the jury surprised many, given the complexity of the case. 
to advocate
to advocate
[Czasownik]

to publicly support or recommend something

opowiadać się, bronić

opowiadać się, bronić

Ex: The environmentalist passionately advocates for sustainable living practices. 
to confute
to confute
[Czasownik]

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

obalać, zaprzeczać

obalać, zaprzeczać

Ex: The scientist confuted the flawed hypothesis with rigorous experimentation. 
to bias
to bias
[Czasownik]

to unfairly influence or manipulate something or someone in favor of one particular opinion or point of view

wpływać w sposób stronniczy, manipulować z uprzedzeniem

wpływać w sposób stronniczy, manipulować z uprzedzeniem

Ex: She biased the hiring process by favoring candidates from her alma mater. 
altercation
altercation
[Rzeczownik]

a noisy dispute

sprzeczka, hałaśliwy spór

sprzeczka, hałaśliwy spór

Ex: The altercation in the restaurant drew the attention of every diner. 
presupposition
presupposition
[Rzeczownik]

something that one perceives to be true, even though it remains to be proved, especially at the beginning of an argument

założenie, przesłanka

założenie, przesłanka

Ex: The debate began with the presupposition that economic growth leads to job creation. 
to accord with
to accord with
[Czasownik]

to agree with or correspond to something

zgodny z, zgadzać się z

zgodny z, zgadzać się z

Ex: Her views on environmental policy accord with the organization's mission statement. 
bone of contention

a subject over which people disagree

kość niezgody, przedmiot sporu

kość niezgody, przedmiot sporu

Ex: The allocation of funds became the bone of contention during the budget meeting, leading to heated debates among department heads. 
adversary
adversary
[Rzeczownik]

a person that one is opposed to and fights or competes with

przeciwnik, wróg

przeciwnik, wróg

Ex: In the final round of the chess tournament, he faced his toughest adversary yet. 
to bicker
to bicker
[Czasownik]

to argue over unimportant things in an ongoing and repetitive way

sprzeczać się, kłócić się

sprzeczać się, kłócić się

Ex: The siblings continued to bicker over who got to use the TV remote, each insisting on their preferred channel. 
ammunition
ammunition
[Rzeczownik]

a set of facts or information that can be used to win an argument against someone or to criticize them

amunicja, argumenty

amunicja, argumenty

Ex: The lawyer gathered substantial ammunition to strengthen her case in court. 
concurrence
concurrence
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being in agreement

zgodność,  porozumienie

zgodność, porozumienie

Ex: The committee members all concurred on the need for stricter safety regulations. 
approbation
approbation
[Rzeczownik]

official approval or agreement

zatwierdzenie,  aprobata

zatwierdzenie, aprobata

Ex: The proposed policy changes received official approbation from the board of directors. 
to conform
to conform
[Czasownik]

to adjust oneself in order to align with new or different circumstances or expectations

dostosować się,  przystosować się

dostosować się, przystosować się

Ex: She felt pressured to conform to the fashion trends of her peers. 
to assent
to assent
[Czasownik]

to agree to something, such as a suggestion, request, etc.

zgadzać się, wyrażać zgodę

zgadzać się, wyrażać zgodę

Ex: During the meeting, members of the committee were asked to assent to the proposed changes in the project plan. 
assertion
assertion
[Rzeczownik]

a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief

twierdzenie, asercja

twierdzenie, asercja

Ex: Her assertion that the project would succeed was based on thorough research. 
avowal
avowal
[Rzeczownik]

an open declaration or affirmation of one’s opinions

oświadczenie, potwierdzenie

oświadczenie, potwierdzenie

Ex: His avowal of support for the new policy was met with applause. 
conformity
conformity
[Rzeczownik]

the act of adhering to established norms, protocols, and standardized behaviors within a social system or institution

zgodność, przestrzeganie norm

zgodność, przestrzeganie norm

Ex: The company values conformity to its strict dress code. 
contention
contention
[Rzeczownik]

a state of heated disagreement, often coming from different viewpoints or interests

spór, niezgoda

spór, niezgoda

Ex: The new policy caused contention among the board members. 
deadlock
deadlock
[Rzeczownik]

a situation in which the parties involved do not compromise and therefore are unable to reach an agreement

impas, zakleszczenie

impas, zakleszczenie

Ex: The peace talks ended in a deadlock with neither side willing to budge on their demands. 
to differ
to differ
[Czasownik]

to disagree with someone or to hold different opinions, viewpoints, or beliefs

różnić się, nie zgadzać się

różnić się, nie zgadzać się

Ex: They differed on the best approach to solving the problem. 
dissent
dissent
[Rzeczownik]

a difference of opinion, especially from commonly accepted beliefs

dysonans, niezgoda

dysonans, niezgoda

Ex: There was open dissent among the committee members over the proposal. 
dissident
dissident
[Rzeczownik]

someone who declares opposition to the government of one's country, knowing there is punishment for doing so

dysydent, opozycjonista

dysydent, opozycjonista

Ex: Andrei Sakharov was a prominent Soviet physicist who became a dissident due to his campaigns for political and civil rights. 
to diverge
to diverge
[Czasownik]

(of views, opinions, etc.) to be different from each other

rozchodzić się,  różnić się

rozchodzić się, różnić się

Ex: During the debate, the candidates' views began to diverge on key economic policies. 
dogma
dogma
[Rzeczownik]

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

dogmat, wiara

dogmat, wiara

Ex: The church's dogma was strictly enforced, leaving no room for dissenting opinions. 
extrapolation
extrapolation
[Rzeczownik]

a projection about future events or hypothetical situations, drawn from known data, observations, or experience

projekcja, ekstrapolacja

projekcja, ekstrapolacja

Ex: His extrapolation suggested the policy would backfire. 
feud
feud
[Rzeczownik]

a heated argument that lasts for a long time

spór, waśń

spór, waśń

Ex: The celebrities' public feud drew media attention for months. 
schism
schism
[Rzeczownik]

a division between a group of people caused by their disagreement over beliefs or views

schizma, podział

schizma, podział

Ex: A schism in the political party caused a split in leadership and policy. 
heresy
heresy
[Rzeczownik]

any opinion or belief that conflicts with the official or widely accepted position

herezja, heterodoksja

herezja, heterodoksja

Ex: Advocating for radical economic reforms was treated as heresy in the conservative party. 
to plead
to plead
[Czasownik]

to state something as an excuse

błagać, twierdzić

błagać, twierdzić

Ex: The defense lawyer pleaded self-defense, arguing that the defendant acted to protect himself from imminent harm. 
anodyne
anodyne
[przymiotnik]

not likely to offend people or cause disagreement or tension

nieszkodliwy, niekontrowersyjny

nieszkodliwy, niekontrowersyjny

Ex: The film’s anodyne humor appealed to a broad audience. 
contradictory
contradictory
[przymiotnik]

(of statements, beliefs, facts, etc.) incompatible or opposed to one another, even if not strictly illogical

sprzeczny, niezgodny

sprzeczny, niezgodny

Ex: The two theories were contradictory, each offering a different explanation for the same phenomenon. 
declamatory
declamatory
[przymiotnik]

expressing one's feelings in a dramatic and forceful way

deklamacyjny, emocjonalny

deklamacyjny, emocjonalny

Ex: In her declamatory poem, she expressed her innermost thoughts and desires with grandeur and intensity. 
incontestable
incontestable
[przymiotnik]

true and therefore impossible to be denied or disagreed with

niezaprzeczalny

niezaprzeczalny

Ex: The evidence provided was incontestable and proved the defendant's guilt. 
dialectical
dialectical
[przymiotnik]

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

dialektyczny, odnoszący się do dialektyki

dialektyczny, odnoszący się do dialektyki

Ex: The dialectical approach to reasoning involves engaging with opposing arguments to uncover underlying truths. 
evangelical
evangelical
[przymiotnik]

very eager to persuade people to accept one's views or opinions

ewangeliczny, gorliwy

ewangeliczny, gorliwy

Ex: The speaker was highly evangelical about the benefits of renewable energy. 
disposed
disposed
[przymiotnik]

ready toward a course of action

skłonny, gotowy

skłonny, gotowy

Ex: She was disposed to accept the offer after hearing the full explanation. 
polemic
polemic
[przymiotnik]

involving rational arguments to support or oppose an opinion, usually the opposite of others'

polemiczny

polemiczny

Ex: The writer's polemic article sparked heated debates among readers. 
vociferous
vociferous
[przymiotnik]

expressing feelings or opinions, loudly and forcefully

hałaśliwy, gwałtowny

hałaśliwy, gwałtowny

Ex: The opposition party voiced vociferous complaints about the new tax policy during the legislative session. 
to sustain
to sustain
[Czasownik]

to support an opinion, argument, theory, etc. or to prove it's credibility

podtrzymywać, udowadniać

podtrzymywać, udowadniać

Ex: She presented evidence to sustain her argument during the debate. 
to scorn
to scorn
[Czasownik]

to have no respect for someone or something because one thinks they are stupid or undeserving

gardzić, pogardzać

gardzić, pogardzać

Ex: She scorns those who prioritize material wealth over kindness and compassion. 
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