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ACT 人文学科 - 权力与统治

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
monarch

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

君主

君主

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dictator

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

独裁者

独裁者

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regime

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

政权

政权

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despotism

a form of government where a single ruler or authority exercises absolute power without checks or limitations

专制主义

专制主义

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mutiny

a bold uprising by a group, often soldiers or sailors, against their leaders

叛乱

叛乱

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revolt

a rebellion or uprising, often involving violence, by a group of people against an authority or ruling power

叛乱

叛乱

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uprising

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

起义

起义

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rebellion

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

叛乱

叛乱

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sedition

the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct

煽动

煽动

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allegiance

a committed loyalty or dedication to a particular cause, group, or belief

忠诚

忠诚

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suffrage

the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

选举权

选举权

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independence

the state of being free from the control of others

独立

独立

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ally

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

盟友

盟友

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liberation

the pursuit or achievement of equal rights, freedoms, or social status for individuals or groups previously oppressed or restricted

解放

解放

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guerrilla

a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

游击队员

游击队员

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liberty

the state of being free from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's choices, actions, or beliefs

自由

自由

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reform

organized efforts aimed at improving or changing existing laws, policies, or practices to address perceived injustices or inefficiencies

改革

改革

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lobby

an organized group of individuals or organizations that actively seek to influence public officials and policymakers on specific issues or laws

游说团

游说团

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coalition

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

联盟

联盟

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servitude

a condition in which individuals are forced to work or provide services against their will, without the ability to freely leave or negotiate their conditions

奴役

奴役

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successor

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

继任者

继任者

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accession

the action of assuming an important position or title

继位

继位

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dynasty

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

王朝

王朝

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majoritarian

making decisions based on the preferences of the majority, often without significant consideration for the rights or interests of minority groups

多数的

多数的

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tyrannical

using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

专制的

专制的

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seditious

(of actions, speech, writings, etc.) encouraging rebellion against established authority or government

煽动性的

煽动性的

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downtrodden

oppressed or treated unfairly, especially by those in power

被压迫的

被压迫的

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mandatory

ordered or required by a rule or law

强制的

强制的

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imperial

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

帝国的

帝国的

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naval

relating to the armed forces that operate at seas or waters in general

海军的

海军的

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to relinquish

to voluntarily give up or surrender control, possession, or responsibility over something

放弃

放弃

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to commandeer

to officially take possession or control of something, typically for military or governmental purposes, often without the consent of the owner

征用

征用

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to abdicate

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

退位

退位

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to enforce

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

执行

执行

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to command

to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

命令

命令

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to boycott

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

抵制

抵制

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to dominate

to have the power to completely or partially control someone or something

统治

统治

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to usurp

to wrongly take someone else's position, power, or right

篡夺

篡夺

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to entitle

to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

赋予权利

赋予权利

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to colonize

to settle and build communities in new, often unexplored, areas

殖民

殖民

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to ratify

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

批准

批准

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to sanction

to impose a penalty or punitive measure upon an individual, entity, or action

制裁

制裁

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to overrule

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

推翻

推翻

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to annex

to take control of or incorporate additional land into an existing country or state

合并

合并

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