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C1 Level Wordlist - Geography

Here you will learn some English words about geography, such as "ravine", "plateau", "fertile", etc. prepared for C1 learners.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
altitude
altitude
[noun]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

Ex: The airplane reached a cruising altitude of 30,000 feet above sea level. 
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latitude
latitude
[noun]

an imaginary horizontal circle around the Earth parallel to the equator, used to measure north-south position

Ex: The explorer recorded the latitude of the new settlement. 
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longitude
longitude
[noun]

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

Ex: Longitude measures how far east or west a point is from the Prime Meridian. 
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bay
bay
[noun]

a part of a shoreline that curves inward, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

Ex: San Francisco Bay is known for its iconic Golden Gate Bridge. 
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branch
branch
[noun]

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

Ex: The canoe drifted down a quiet branch of the river, away from the bustling main channel. 
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clearing
clearing
[noun]

a treeless area in a forest

Ex: The hikers stopped to rest in a small clearing surrounded by tall trees. 
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cove
cove
[noun]

a small curved area of land that partly encloses a specific part of the sea

Ex: The beach nestled within the cove offered calm waters for swimming. 
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crater
crater
[noun]

the round top of a volcano

Ex: The scientist studied the formation of the crater after the volcanic eruption. 
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deposit
deposit
[noun]

a layer of matter that has been accumulated, particularly by a body of water

Ex: The geologist discovered a rich deposit of gold in the mountains. 
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dock
dock
[noun]

a structure built out into the water so that people can get on and off boats or ships

Ex: The ferry pulled into the dock to unload passengers and cargo. 
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estuary
estuary
[noun]

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

Ex: The estuary teemed with marine life, providing a vital habitat for many species. 
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flow
flow
[noun]

the state of moving constantly and steadily

Ex: The flow of the river was gentle and serene as it wound through the valley. 
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gulf
gulf
[noun]

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

Ex: The Persian Gulf was historically important for trade routes. 
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horizon
horizon
[noun]

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

Ex: The sun dipped below the horizon, casting a warm glow across the sky. 
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iceberg
iceberg
[noun]

a very large floating piece of ice

Ex: The Titanic sank after colliding with an iceberg in the North Atlantic Ocean. 
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peak
peak
[noun]

the pointed top of a mountain

Ex: The climbers reached the peak of Mount Everest after weeks of strenuous effort. 
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peninsula
peninsula
[noun]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

Ex: The Iberian Peninsula is home to Spain and Portugal, surrounded by water on three sides. 
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plain
plain
[noun]

a vast area of flat land

Ex: The Great Plains in the United States stretch for miles, offering a stunning view of endless flatlands. 
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plateau
plateau
[noun]

an area of land that is flat and higher than the land surrounding it

Ex: The Colorado Plateau is known for its stunning landscapes, including deep canyons and colorful rock formations. 
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pole
pole
[noun]

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

Ex: The North Pole is located in the middle of the Arctic Ocean, covered by shifting sea ice throughout the year. 
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pond
pond
[noun]

an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially

Ex: The tranquil pond reflected the colors of the surrounding trees and sky, creating a picturesque scene. 
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range
range
[noun]

a line of mountains or hills

Ex: The Rocky Mountain range stretches from Canada down to New Mexico, offering breathtaking vistas and challenging climbs. 
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ravine
ravine
[noun]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

Ex: The ravine cut through the forest, its steep sides marked by erosion from the flowing creek at its base. 
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reservoir
reservoir
[noun]

a lake, either natural or artificial, from which water is supplied to houses

Ex: The city's reservoir, nestled in the hills, stores water from nearby rivers and supplies it to thousands of homes. 
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summit
summit
[noun]

the top of a mountain

Ex: Climbers rejoiced upon reaching the summit of Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. 
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swamp
swamp
[noun]

an area of land that is covered with water or is always very wet

Ex: The swamp was teeming with diverse wildlife, from alligators to herons and turtles. 
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tundra
tundra
[noun]

the expansive flat Arctic regions, of North America, Asia, and Europe, in which no trees grow and the soil is always frozen

Ex: The Arctic tundra is characterized by its cold, treeless landscape and permafrost, making it a harsh environment for plant and animal life. 
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to erode
to erode
[Verb]

(of natural forces such as wind, water, or other environmental factors) to gradually wear away or diminish the surface of a material

Ex: The river's strong currents eroded the riverbank over time. 
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arid
arid
[Adjective]

(of land or a climate) very dry because of not having enough or any rain

Ex: The Sahara Desert is known for its arid climate, with vast expanses of sand and very little vegetation. 
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barren
barren
[Adjective]

(of land or soil) not capable of producing any plants

Ex: The barren desert stretched for miles, devoid of any vegetation or signs of life. 
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coastal
coastal
[Adjective]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

Ex: Coastal erosion is a natural process that reshapes shorelines over time. 
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fertile
fertile
[Adjective]

(of land or soil) able to produce crops or plants well

Ex: The fertile soil in the valley yielded abundant harvests of wheat and corn each year. 
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inland
inland
[Adjective]

located away from the coast

Ex: The inland regions experience hotter temperatures compared to coastal areas. 
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offshore
offshore
[Adjective]

situated or occurring in the sea, typically away from the shore or coast

Ex: The company invested in offshore drilling for oil extraction. 
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marine
marine
[Adjective]

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

Ex: Marine mammals, such as dolphins and whales, are well-adapted to life in the ocean. 
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neighboring
neighboring
[Adjective]

(of a place) close to another

Ex: The neighboring countries of Canada and the United States share the longest undefended border in the world. 
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upstream
upstream
[Adverb]

against the current of a river or stream

Ex: They paddled upstream against the strong current to reach their favorite fishing spot. 
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